coolant temperature NISSAN TERRANO 2004 Service Owner's Guide

18 CHECK MAIN 12 CAUSES
If the cause cannot be isolated, go to ªMAIN 12 CAUSES OF OVERHEATINGº, EC-120.EINSPECTION END
Main 12 Causes of Overheating
Engine Step Inspection item EquipmentStandardReference page
OFF 1 IBlocked radiator
I Blocked condenser
I Blocked radiator grille
I Blocked bumper I
Visual No blocking Ð
2 ICoolant mixture ICoolant tester 30 - 50% coolant mixture See ªRECOMMENDED
FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTSº in MA section.
3 ICoolant level IVisual Coolant up to MAX level
in reservoir tank and
radiator filler neck See ªChanging Engine
Coolantº, ªENGINE MAIN-
TENANCEº in MA section.
4 IRadiator cap IPressure tester 78 - 98 kPa
(0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0
kg/cm
2, 11 - 14 psi)
59 - 98 kPa (0.59 - 0.98
bar, 0.6 - 1.0 kg/cm
2,
9 - 14 psi) (Limit) See ªSystem Checkº,
ªENGINE COOLING SYS-
TEMº in LC section.
ON*2 5 ICoolant leaks IVisual No leaks See ªSystem Checkº,
ªENGINE COOLING SYS-
TEMº in LC section.
ON*2 6 IThermostat ITouch the upper and
lower radiator hoses Both hoses should be hot. See ªThermostatº and
ªRadiatorº, ªENGINE
COOLING SYSTEMº in
LC section.
ON*1 7 ICooling fan IVisual Operating See ªDTC 0208 OVER
HEATº, EC-109.
OFF 8 ICombustion gas leak IColor checker chemical
tester 4 gas analyzer Negative Ð
ON*3 9 ICoolant temperature
gauge I
Visual Gauge less than 3/4
when driving Ð
I Coolant overflow to res-
ervoir tank I
Visual No overflow during driving
and idling See ªChanging Engine
Coolantº, ªENGINE MAIN-
TENANCEº in MA section.
OFF*4 10 ICoolant return from res-
ervoir tank to radiator I
Visual Should be initial level in
reservoir tank See ªENGINE MAINTE-
NANCEº in MA section.
OFF 11 ICylinder head IStraight gauge feeler
gauge 0.1 mm (0.004 in) Maxi-
mum distortion (warping) See ªInspectionº, ªCYLIN-
DER HEADº in EM sec-
tion.
12 ICylinder block and pis-
tons I
Visual No scuffing on cylinder
walls or piston See ªInspectionº, ªCYLIN-
DER BLOCKº in EM sec-
tion.
*1: Engine running at idle.
*2: Engine running at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes.
*3: Drive at 90 km/h (55 MPH) for 30 minutes and then let idle for 10 minutes.
*4: After 60 minutes of cool down time.
For more information, refer to ªOVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISº in LC section.
DTC 0208 OVER HEATZD30DDTi
Diagnostic Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-120
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Description
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
SensorInput Signal to ECMECM FunctionActuator
Electronic controlled fuel injection pump Fuel injection signal
EGR volume
controlEGR volume control valve
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC) Engine speed
Vehicle speed sensor
Vehicle speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Ignition switch Start signal
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Battery Battery voltage
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner operation
Electrical load Electrical load signal
PNP switch Park/Neutral position signal
This system controls flow rate of EGR led from exhaust manifold
to intake manifold. The opening of the EGR by-pass passage in the
EGR volume control valve changes to control the flow rate. A
built-in step motor moves the valve in steps corresponding to the
ECM output pulses. The opening of the valve varies for optimum
engine control. The optimum value stored in the ECM is determined
by considering various engine conditions.
The EGR volume control valve remains close under the following
conditions.
IEngine stopped
I Engine starting
I Low engine coolant temperature
I Excessively high engine coolant temperature
I High engine speed
I Wide open throttle
I Low battery voltage
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
EGR volume control valve
The EGR volume control valve uses a step motor to control the flow
rate of EGR from exhaust manifold. This motor has four winding
phases. It operates according to the output pulse signal of the
ECM. Two windings are turned ON and OFF in sequence. Each
time an ON pulse is issued, the valve opens or closes, changing
the flow rate. When no change in the flow rate is needed, the ECM
does not issue the pulse signal. A certain voltage signal is issued
so that the valve remains at that particular opening.
SEF908Y
SEF411Y
DTC 1003 EGR VOLUME CONT/VZD30DDTi
EC-227
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Description
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM
Function Actuator
Crankshaft position
sensor (TDC) Engine speed
Glow
control Glow lamp,
Glow relay "
Glow plugs
Engine coolant tem-
perature sensor Engine coolant tem-
perature
When engine coolant temperature is more than approximately 75ÉC
(167ÉF), the glow relay turns off, inactivating the quick-glow control
until coolant temperature drops below approximately 55ÉC (131ÉF).
When coolant temperature is lower than approximately 75ÉC
(167ÉF):
I
Ignition switch ON
After ignition switch has turned to ON, the glow relay turns ON
for a certain period of time in relation to engine coolant
temperature, allowing current to flow through glow plug.
I Cranking
The glow relay turns ON, allowing current to flow through glow
plug.
I Starting
After engine has started, current continues to flow through glow
plug (after-glow mode) for a certain period in relation to engine
coolant temperature.
When engine speed exceeds approximately 4,800 rpm, current
flow through glow plug is interrupted.
The glow indicator lamp turns ON for a certain period of time in
relation to engine coolant temperature at the time glow relay is
turned ON.
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Glow plug
I The glow plug is provided with a ceramic heating element to
obtain a high-temperature resistance. It glows in response to a
signal sent from the ECM, allowing current to flow through the
glow plug via the glow relay.
I This engine uses two types of glow plugs.
Type A has a blue or yellow paint mark.
Type B has no paint mark.
The location of the paint mark is shown in the figure.
WARNING:
Do not use two types of glow plugs at the same time.
SEF376Y
SEF280Z
GLOW CONTROL SYSTEMZD30DDTi
EC-244
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Component Description
The heat up switch is located on the lower side of the instrument
panel. This switch is used to speed up the heater's operation when
the engine is cold.
When the ECM received the heat up switch ªONº signal, the ECM
increases the engine idle speed to 1,100 to 1,200 rpm to warm up
engine quickly.
This system works when all conditions listed below are met.
Heat up switchON
Engine coolant temperature Below 105ÉC (221ÉF)
Shift lever ªPº or ªNº
Accelerator pedal Fully released
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode
Specification data are reference values.
MONITOR ITEMCONDITION SPECIFICATION
WARM UP SW IIgnition switch: ON Heat up switch: ON ON
Heat up switch: OFF OFF
ECM Terminals and Reference Value
Specification data are reference values and are measured between each terminal and ground.
CAUTION:
Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/output voltage. Doing so may damage the
ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals, such as the ground.
TER-
MINAL NO. WIRE
COLOR ITEM CONDITION D ATA
(DC Voltage and Pulse Signal)
59 G Heat up switch Ignition switch ªONº
Heat up switch is ªOFFº.
0V
Ignition switch ªONº
Heat up switch is ªONº. BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
HEAT UP SWITCHZD30DDTi
EC-265
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Description
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
SensorInput Signal to ECM ECM
Function Actuator
Ignition switch Start signal Swirl
control valve
control Swirl control valve control solenoid valve
"Vacuum signal
Swirl control valve actuator "
Swirl control valve
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC) Engine speed
PNP switch Park/Neutral position signal
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
This system has a swirl control valve in the throttle body.
While idling and during low engine speed operation, the swirl con-
trol valve closes. Thus the velocity of the air in the intake passage
increases, promoting the vaporization of the fuel and producing a
swirl in the combustion chamber.
Because of this operation, this system tends to increase the burn-
ing speed of the gas mixture, improve fuel consumption, and
increase the stability in running conditions.
Also, except when idling and during low engine speed operation,
this system opens the swirl control valve. In this condition, this
system tends to increase power by improving intake efficiency via
reduction of intake flow resistance, intake flow.
The solenoid valve controls swirl control valve's shut/open condi-
tion. This solenoid valve is operated by the ECM.
PNP switch Engine speed
Engine cool-
ant tempera- ture Swirl control
valve control
solenoid valve Swirl control
valve
OFF Less than
1,250 rpm
Less than
50ÉC (122ÉF) OFF Open
More than
50ÉC (122ÉF) ON Closed
More than
1,250 rpm Less than
50ÉC (122ÉF) OFF Open
More than
50ÉC (122ÉF) OFF Open
ON Ð Ð OFF Open
SEF452Z
SWIRL CONTROL VALVE CONTROL SOLENOID VALVEZD30DDTi
EC-271
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General Specifications
Unit: rpm
EngineZD30DDTi
Idle speed 750 25
Maximum engine speed 4,300
Injection Pump Numbers
EnginePart numberPump assembly number
ZD30DDTi 16700 VG100 109342-4023
Injection Nozzle
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2, psi)
Initial injection pressureUsed 19,026 (190.3, 194, 2,759)
New 19,516 - 20,497 (195.2 - 205.0, 199 - 209, 2,830 - 2,972)
Limit 16,182 (161.8, 165, 2,346)
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
Temperature ÉC (ÉF)
Resistance kW
20 (68) 2.1 - 2.9
50 (122) 0.68 - 1.00
90 (194) 0.236 - 0.260
Crankshaft Position Sensor (TDC)
Resistance [at 20ÉC (68ÉF)] W 1,287 - 1,573
Glow Plug
Resistance [at 20ÉC (68ÉF)]W Approximately 0.5
Accelerator Position Sensor
Throttle valve conditionsResistance between terminals 2 and 3 kW[at 25ÉC (77ÉF)]
Completely closed Approximately 0.5
Partially open 0.5-4
Completely open Approximately 4
EGR Volume Control Valve
Resistance [at 25ÉC (77ÉF)]W 13-17
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)ZD30DDTi
EC-312
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System Chart
Crankshaft position sensor
(TDC)E
ECM
Control sleeve position sensorE
Fuel temperature sensorE
Mass air flow sensorE
Engine coolant temperature sen-
sorE
Needle lift sensorE
Accelerator position sensorE
Accelerator position switchE
Air conditioner switchE
Ignition switchE
Battery voltageE
Vehicle speed sensorE
Brake switchE
Atmospheric pressure sensor
(inside ECM)E
EFuel injection controlEElectric governor
EFuel injection timing controlEInjection timing control valve
EFuel cut controlEFuel cut solenoid valve
EGlow control systemEGlow relay & glow lamp
EOn board diagnostic systemEMalfunction indicator
(On the instrument panel)
EEGR valve & Throttle control
valve controlEEGRC-solenoid valve A, B and
throttle control solenoid valve
(models for Germany)
EAir conditioning cut controlEAir conditioner relay
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEMTD27Ti
EC-328
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Fuel Injection System
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Three types of fuel injection control are provided to accommodate engine operating conditions; normal control,
idle control and start control. The ECM determines the appropriate fuel injection control. Under each control,
the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance. The ECM performs duty cycle
control on the electric governor (built into the fuel injection pump) according to sensor signals to compensate
the amount of fuel injected to the preset value.
START CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperatureECM
EElectric
governorCrankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
Control sleeve position sensor
EControl sleeve position
When the ECM receives a start signal from the ignition switch, the
ECM adapts the fuel injection system for the start control. The
amount of fuel injected at engine starting is a preset program value
in the ECM. The program is determined by the engine speed and
engine coolant temperature.
For better startability under cool engine conditions, the lower the
coolant temperature becomes, the greater the amount of fuel
injected. The ECM ends the start control when the engine speed
reaches a value between 800 rpm and 1,200 rpm, which is deter-
mined by the engine coolant temperature and shifts the control to
the normal or idle control.
SEF648S
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-329
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IDLE CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Engine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperatureECM
EElectric
governor
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
Air conditioner switch
EAir Conditioner operation
Control sleeve position sensor
EControl sleeve position
Accelerator position switch
EIdle position
Vehicle speed sensor
EVehicle speed
When the ECM determines that the engine speed is at idle, the fuel injection system is adapted for the idle
control. The ECM regulates the amount of fuel injected corresponding to changes in load applied to the engine
to keep engine speed constant. The ECM also provides the system with a fast idle control in response to the
engine coolant temperature.
NORMAL CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
ECM
EElectric
governor
Control sleeve position sensorEControl sleeve position
Accelerator position sensor
EAccelerator position
Vehicle speed sensor
EVehicle speed
The amount of fuel injected under normal driving conditions is
determined according to sensor signals. The crankshaft position
sensor (TDC) detects engine speed and the accelerator position
sensor detects accelerator position. These sensors send signals to
the ECM.
The fuel injection data, predetermined by correlation between vari-
ous engine speeds and accelerator positions, are stored in the
ECM memory, forming a map. The ECM determines the optimal
amount of fuel to be injected using the sensor signals in compari-
son with the map.
SEF649S
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
Fuel Injection System (Cont'd)
EC-330
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Fuel Injection Timing System
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The fuel injection timing system determines the optimal fuel injection timing, based on engine speed, injection
quantity, engine coolant temperature and atmospheric pressure. The timing is formed by a basic value (Basic
Control) and two correction values. By performing a duty cycle signal on the timing control valve, the ECM
allows the valve to provide optimal injection timing. The ECM also performs feedback control on the timing
control valve using the signal from the needle lift sensor which detects the actual fuel injection timing.
BASIC CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speedECM
E
Injection
timing con-
trol valve
Needle lift sensorEInjection timing
Control sleeve position sensor
EControl sleeve position
The optimal fuel injection timing data, predetermined in proportion
to engine speeds and amount of fuel injected, are stored in the
ECM memory. The ECM uses the data to control the fuel injection
timing.
HIGH ALTITUDE COMPENSATION
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensorEEngine speed
ECM
E
Injection
timing
control
deviceControl sleeve position sensorEControl sleeve position
Atmospheric pressure sensor
EAtmospheric sensor
Needle lift sensor
EInjection timing
Fuel temperature sensor
EFuel temperatureEElectric
governor
For better drivability in high altitude areas, the fuel injection timing
is advanced and the fuel quantity is reduced according to the atmo-
spheric pressure.
SEF650S
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-332
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