engine oil NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Electronic Repair Manual

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-19
D
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F
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L
MA
B
AT
Shift MechanismECS004QD
CONSTRUCTION
FUNCTION OF CLUTCH AND BRAKE
CLUTCH AND BAND CHART
1. Torque converter 2. Oil pump 3. Input shaft
4. Brake band 5. Reverse clutch 6. High clutch
7. Front sun gear 8. Front pinion gear 9. Front internal gear
10. Front planetary carrier 11. Rear sun gear 12. Rear pinion gear
13. Rear internal gear 14. Rear planetary carrier 15. Forward clutch
16. Forward one-way clutch 17. Overrun clutch 18. Low one-way clutch
19. Low & reverse brake 20. Parking pawl 21. Parking gear
22. Output shaft 23. Idle gear 24. Output gear
SAT998I
Clutch and brake components Abbr. Function
5Reverse clutch R/C To transmit input power to front sun gear7.
6High clutch H/C To transmit input power to front planetary carrier10.
15Forward clutch F/C To connect front planetary carrier10with forward one-way clutch16.
17Overrun clutch O/C To connect front planetary carrier10with rear internal gear13.
4Brake band B/B To lock front sun gear7.
16Forward one-way clutch F/O.C When forward clutch15is engaged, to stop rear internal gear13from rotating in
opposite direction against engine revolution.
18Low one-way clutch L/O.C To stop front planetary carrier10from rotating in opposite direction against
engine revolution.
19Low & reverse brake L & R/B To lock front planetary carrier10.
Shift positionRever
se
clutch
5High
clutch
6For-
ward
clutch
15Over-
run
clutch
17Band servo
Forward
one-way
clutch
16Low
one-
way
clutch
18Low &
revers
e
brake
19Lock-
upRemarks
2nd
apply3rd
releas
e4th
apply
PPA R K
POSITION
RREVERSE
POSITION

AT-20
OVERALL SYSTEM
l*1: Operates when overdrive control switch is set in “OFF” position.
l*2: Oil pressure is applied to both 2nd “apply” side and 3rd “release” side of band servo piston. However, brake band does not con-
tract because oil pressure area on the “release” side is greater than that on the “apply” side.
l*3: Oil pressure is applied to 4th “apply” side in condition *2 above, and brake band contracts.
l*4: A/T will not shift to 4th when overdrive control switch is set in “OFF” position.
l*5: Operates when overdrive control switch is “OFF”.
l:Operates.
lA: Operates when throttle opening is less than 3/16, activating engine brake.
lB: Operates during “progressive” acceleration.
lC: Operates but does not affect power transmission.
lD: Operates when throttle opening is less than 3/16, but does not affect engine brake.
POWER TRANSMISSION
“N” and “P” Positions
l“N” position
Power from the input shaft is not transmitted to the output shaft because the clutches do not operate.
l“P” position
NNEUTRAL
POSITION
D*41st *1D B B
Automatic
shift
1Û2Û3Û
4 2nd *1A B
3rd *1A *2C C B
*5
4th C *3C C
21st D B BAutomatic
shift
1Û2 2nd A B
11stBLocks (held
stationary) in
1st speed
1Ü2 2ndB Shift positionRever
se
clutch
5High
clutch
6For-
ward
clutch
15Over-
run
clutch
17Band servo
Forward
one-way
clutch
16Low
one-
way
clutch
18Low &
revers
e
brake
19Lock-
upRemarks
2nd
apply3rd
releas
e4th
apply

OVERALL SYSTEM
AT-33
D
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B
AT
Overrun Clutch Solenoid Valve Control
TheoverrunclutchsolenoidvalveisoperatedbyanON-OFFsignal
transmitted by the TCM to provide overrun clutch control (engine
brake control).
When this solenoid valve is “ON”, the pilot pressure drain port
closes. When it is “OFF”, the drain port opens.
During the solenoid valve “ON” pilot pressure is applied to the end
face of the overrun clutch control valve.
Overrun Clutch Control Valve Operation
When the solenoid valve is “ON”, pilot pressure is applied to the
overrun clutch control valve. This pushes up the overrun clutch con-
trol valve. The line pressure is then shut off so that the clutch does
not engage.
When the solenoid valve is “OFF”, pilot pressure is not generated. At
this point, the overrun clutch control valve moves downward by
spring force. As a result, overrun clutch operation pressure is pro-
vided by the overrun clutch reducing valve. This causes the overrun
clutch to engage.
In the 1 position, the overrun clutch control valve remains pushed
down so that the overrun clutch is engaged at all times.
Control ValveECS004QG
FUNCTION OF CONTROL VALVES
SAT015J
SAT016J
Valve name Function
Pressure regulator valve, plug
and sleeveRegulates oil discharged from the oil pump to provide optimum line pressure for all driving condi-
tions.
Pressure modifier valve and
sleeveUsed as a signal supplementary valve to the pressure regulator valve. Regulates pressure-modi-
fier pressure (signal pressure) which controls optimum line pressure for all driving conditions.
Pilot valve Regulates line pressure to maintain a constant pilot pressure level which controls lock-up mecha-
nism, overrun clutch, shift timing.
Accumulator control valve Regulates accumulator back-pressure to pressure suited to driving conditions.
Manual valve Directs line pressure to oil circuits corresponding to select positions.
Hydraulic pressure drains when the shift lever is in Neutral.
Shift valve A Simultaneously switches four oil circuits using output pressure of shift solenoid valve A to meet
driving conditions (vehicle speed, throttle opening, etc.).
Provides automatic downshifting and up-shifting (1st®2nd®3rd®4th gears/4th®3rd®2nd
®1st gears) in combination with shift valve B.
Shift valve B Simultaneously switches three oil circuits using output pressure of shift solenoid valve B in rela-
tion to driving conditions (vehicle speed, throttle opening, etc.).
Provides automatic downshifting and up-shifting (1st®2nd®3rd®4th gears/4th®3rd®2nd
®1st gears) in combination with shift valve A.

AT-34
OVERALL SYSTEM
Overrun clutch control valve Switches hydraulic circuits to prevent engagement of the overrun clutch simultaneously with appli-
cation of the brake band in D
4. (Interlocking occurs if the overrun clutch engages during D4.)
1st reducing valve Reduces low & reverse brake pressure to dampen engine-brake shock when down-shifting from
the “1” position 1
2to 11.
Overrun clutch reducing valve Reduces oil pressure directed to the overrun clutch and prevents engine-brake shock.
In “1” and “2” positions, line pressure acts on the overrun clutch reducing valve to increase the
pressure-regulating point, with resultant engine brake capability.
Torque converter relief valve Prevents an excessive rise in torque converter pressure.
Torque converter clutch control
valve, plug and sleeveActivates or inactivates the lock-up function.
Also provides smooth lock-up through transient application and release of the lock-up system.
1-2 accumulator valve and piston Dampens the shock encountered when 2nd gear band servo contracts, and provides smooth
shifting.
3-2 timing valve Switches oil pressure with 3-2 timing valve according to throttle opening.
Shuttle control valve Reduces shock when down-shifting from 3rd to 2nd and regulates overrun clutch.
Cooler check valve Regulates oil pressure which causes lock-up when driving at low speeds.Valve name Function

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
AT-65
[EURO-OBD]
D
E
F
G
H
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MA
B
AT
Stall TestECS004QR
STALL TEST PROCEDURE
1. Check A/T fluid and engine oil levels. If necessary, add.
2. Drive vehicle for approx. 10 minutes or until fluid and oil reach
operating temperature.
3. Set parking brake and block wheels.
4. Install a tachometer where it can be seen by driver during test.
lIt is good practice to mark the point of specified engine
rpm on indicator.
5. Start engine, apply foot brake, and place selector lever in D
position.
6. Accelerate to wide open throttle gradually while applying foot
brake.
7. Quickly note the engine stall revolution and immediately release
throttle.
lDuring test, never hold throttle wide open for less than 5
seconds.
Stall revolution:
8. Move selector lever to “N” position.
9. Cool off ATF.
lRun engine at idle for at least one minute.
10. Repeat steps 5 through 9 with selector lever in “2”, “1” and “R”
positions.ATF operating temperature:
50 - 80°C (122 - 176°F)
SAT647B
SAT513G
SAT514G
QR20DE 2,450 - 2,950 rpm
SAT771B

AT-68
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
Line Pressure Test
ECS004QS
LINE PRESSURE TEST PORTS
Location of line pressure test ports are shown in the illustration.
lAlways replace pressure plugs as they are self-sealing
bolts.
LINE PRESSURE TEST PROCEDURE
1. Check A/T fluid and engine oil levels. If necessary, add fluid or
oil.
2. Drive vehicle for approx. 10 minutes or until engine oil and ATF
reach operating temperature.
3. Install pressure gauge to corresponding line pressure port.
4. Set parking brake and block wheels.
lContinue to depress brake pedal fully while line pressure
test is being performed at stall speed.
SCIA0709E
ATF operating temperature: 50 - 80°C (122 -176°F)
SAT647B
UAT008
UAT008

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
AT-69
[EURO-OBD]
D
E
F
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H
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MA
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AT
5. Start engine and measure line pressure at idle and stall speed.
lWhen measuring line pressure at stall speed, follow the
stall test procedure.
Line pressure: Refer toAT-563, "
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFI-
CATIONS (SDS)".
JUDGEMENT OF LINE PRESSURE TEST
Road TestECS004QT
DESCRIPTION
lThe purpose of the test is to determine overall performance of A/
T and analyze causes of problems.
lThe road test consists of the following three parts:
1. Check before engine is started
2. Check at idle
SAT493G
Judgement Suspected parts
At idleLine pressure is low in all positions.
lOil pump wear
lControl piston damage
lPressure regulator valve or plug sticking
lSpring for pressure regulator valve damaged
lFluid pressure leakage between oil strainer and pressure regulator valve
lClogged strainer
Line pressure is low in particular posi-
tion.
lFluid pressure leakage between manual valve and particular clutch
lFor example, line pressure is:
-Low in “R” and “1” positions, but
-Normal in “D” and “2” positions.
Therefore, fluid leakage exists at or around low and reverse brake circuit.
Refer to “CLUTCH AND BAND CHART”,AT-19, "
CLUTCH AND BAND
CHART".
Line pressure is high.
lMaladjustment of throttle position sensor
lA/T fluid temperature sensor damaged
lLine pressure solenoid valve sticking
lShort circuit of line pressure solenoid valve circuit
lPressure modifier valve sticking
lPressure regulator valve or plug sticking
lOpen in dropping resistor circuit
At stall
speedLine pressure is low.
lMaladjustment of throttle position sensor
lLine pressure solenoid valve sticking
lShort circuit of line pressure solenoid valve circuit
lPressure regulator valve or plug sticking
lPressure modifier valve sticking
lPilot valve sticking
SAT786A

AT-78
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION
Cruise Test — Part 1
1.CHECKSTARTINGGEAR(D1) POSITION
1. Drive vehicle for approx. 10 minutes to warm engine oil and ATF up to operating
temperature.
2. Park vehicle on flat surface.
3. Set overdrive control switch to “ON” position.
4. Move selector lever to “P” position.
5. Start engine.
6. Move selector lever to “D” position.
7. Accelerate vehicle by constantly depressing accelerator pedal
halfway.
8. Does vehicle start from D
1?
Read gear position.
Ye s o r N o
Yes >>GOTO2
No >> Go To "8. Vehicle Cannot Be Started From D
1”,AT-242,
"8. Vehicle Cannot Be Started From D1". Continue
ROAD TEST. ATF operating temperature : 50 - 80°C (122 - 176°F)
SAT774B
SAT775B
SAT495G

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — GENERAL DESCRIPTION
AT-87
[EURO-OBD]
D
E
F
G
H
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AT
Transaxle noise in “P” and “N” posi-
tions.ON vehicle1. Fluid levelAT-64,
"FLUID
LEVEL
CHECK"
¬
2. Line pressure testAT-68, "
Line
Pressure
Te s t"
¬
3. Throttle position sensor (Accelerator
pedal position (App) sensor) AjustmentEC-154, "
DTC P0121 APP
SENSOR"
4. Vehicle speed sensor·A/T (Revolution
sensor) and vehicle speed sensor·MTRAT-392,
"VEHICLE
SPEED
SENSOR·A/
T(REVO-
LUTION
SENSOR)",
AT-397,
"DTC VEHI-
CLE
SPEED
SENSOR
MTR"
AT-142,
"DTC P0720
VEHICLE
SPEED
SENSOR·A/
T(REVO-
LUTION
SENSOR)",
AT-222,
"DTC VEHI-
CLE SPEED
SENSOR
MTR"
5. Engine speed signalAT-432,"ENGINE
SPEED
SIGNAL"
AT-147,
"DTC P0725
ENGINE
SPEED
SIGNAL"
OFF vehicle6. Oil pumpAT-485, "
Oil
Pump"¬
7. Torque converterAT-465,
"Locations
of Adjusting
Shims, Nee-
dle Bear-
ings, Thrust
Washers
and Snap
Rings"
¬
Vehicle moves when changing into
“P” position, or parking gear does
not disengage when shifted out of
“P” position.
AT- 2 3 4 , "
3. In“P”Position, Vehicle
Moves Forward Or Backward When
Pushed"
ON vehicle 1. Control cable adjustmentAT-456,"Control
Cable
Adjustment"
¬
OFF vehicle 2. Parking componentsAT-461,
"Compo-
nents",AT-
482,
"REPAIR
FOR COM-
PONENT
PA R T S"
¬ Symptom Condition Diagnostic ItemReference Page
Except for
Euro-OBDEURO-OBD

AT-94
[EURO-OBD]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Excessive creep. ON vehicle 1. Engine idling rpm"EC-XX",
“Idle Speed
and Ignition
Timing”¬
No creep at all.
AT-237, "
6. Vehicle Does Not Creep
Backward In“R”Position"andAT-
240, "7. Vehicle Does Not Creep
Forward In“D”,“2”Or“1”Position"
ON vehicle1. Fluid levelAT- 6 4 ,
"FLUID
LEVEL
CHECK"
¬
2. Line pressure testAT- 4 3 6 ,
"LINE
PRES-
SURE
SOLENOID
VA LV E"
¬
3. Control valve assemblyAT- 4 5 4 ,
"Control
Va l v e
Assembly
and Accu-
mulators"
¬
OFF vehicle4. Forward clutchAT- 5 1 2 ,
"Forward
and Overrun
Clutches"
¬
5. Oil pumpAT- 4 8 5 , "
Oil
Pump"¬
6. Torque converterAT- 4 6 5 ,
"Locations
of Adjusting
Shims, Nee-
dle Bear-
ings, Thrust
Washers
and Snap
Rings"
¬ Symptom Condition Diagnostic ItemReference Page
Except for
Euro-OBDEURO-OBD