engine PORSCHE 911 TURBO 2014 6.G Workshop Manual

Driving and Driving Safety 155
In heavy rain, while driving through water or after leaving a car wash, the braking action may be delayed and increased pressure may be required.fFor this reason, keep further back from the vehicle in front and “dry” the brakes by applying them at intervals. Make sure that the traffic behind you is not affected.
After a long drive over salted or gritted roads, a coating may form on the brake disks and pads that significantly reduces friction and therefore also braking effect.fEven though the brake disks consist of alloyed gray cast iron, they will unavoidably start to corrode if your vehicle is parked for an extended period. The brakes will tend to “rub” as a result.The nature, extent and effects of corrosion depend on the amount of time the vehicle was parked, whether road salt or grit was spread and whether grease-dissolving agents were used in car washes (not on vehicles with Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake).To prevent corrosion of the brake disks, “brake them dry” before parking the vehicle (not on vehicles with Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake).If braking comfort is noticeably impaired, we recommend that you have the brake system checked by experts at an authorized Porsche dealer.
fTo relieve the brake system on downhill stretches, change down to a lower gear in good time (engine braking).If engine braking is insufficient on steep stretches, operate the footbrake at intervals. Avoid continuous braking as it overheats the brakes and reduces the braking effect.
For information on brake fluid and checking the brake fluid level:fPlease see the chapter “BRAKE FLUID” on page 243.
New brake pads or linings
New brake pads have to be “broken in”, and therefore only attain optimal friction when the car has covered several hundred miles or km.The slightly reduced braking ability must be compensated for by pressing the brake pedal harder. This applies whenever the brake pads and/or brake disks are replaced.
A - Switch cruise control on/off 1 - Set/increase desired speed 2 - Reduce desired speed 3 - Interrupt (OFF) 4 - Return to set speed (RESUME)
Cruise Control
Cruise control maintains any selected speed between approx. 20–150 mph (30–240 km/h) without you having to use the accelerator.Cruise control is operated using the control stalk at the bottom left of the steering wheel.Downshifts are carried out to help maintain the pre-selected speed (especially when driving downhill).
Wet Brakes
Reduced Braking Efficiency
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164 Driving and Driving Safety
Driving off again
The vehicle can be driven off again after being stopped and speed and distance control will be resumed, depending on the operating state of the adaptive cruise control system.
Adaptive cruise control active
1. Press the control stalk on the steering wheel upwards (position 4, RESUME). 2. Press the accelerator pedal briefly. Your vehicle drives off again automatically.
Information
Your vehicle will not drive off if the vehicle detected in front is stationary.
Adaptive cruise control is ready
Automatic speed and distance control can only be resumed when your vehicle is moving.1. Drive off normally. 2. Press the control stalk on the steering wheel upwards (position 4, RESUME). orSet or change the desired speed.
Interrupting and resuming cruise control and distance control
Interrupting cruise control and distance control – OFF
fPress the brake pedal.orPress the control stalk on the steering wheel downwards (position 3, OFF). Adaptive cruise control is inactive.The desired speed that was stored and the desired distance are retained.
Resuming cruise control and distance control – RESUME
fPress the control stalk on the steering wheel upwards (position 4, RESUME). The vehicle accelerates to the desired speed that was stored unless a vehicle traveling in front is detected as driving slower than the desired speed and the distance from this vehicle is less than the desired distance that was set.The status display B changes from grey to orange.orPress the control stalk on the steering wheel upwards and keep it pressed (position 4, RESUME ). The vehicle accelerates in a more sporty driving style to the desired speed that was stored.
Information
If speed and distance control was interrupted by moving the control stalk to position 3 (OFF), it can only be resumed again when the vehicle is moving and no stationary objects are detected in front.
Messages on the multi-function display
If adaptive cruise control was deactivated automatically or if an action cannot be performed, a message to this effect in blue appears on the multi-function display.–“ ACC not available” Adaptive cruise control is not available, e.g. when maneuvering.–“ ACC not possible ABS/PSM intervention” Adaptive cruise control was deactivated because ABS or PSM intervened as a control mechanism.–“ Release parking brake” Adaptive cruise control was deactivated because the electric parking brake was activated.–“ ACC not possible Move gear lever to D/M ” Adaptive cruise control was deactivated because the PDK selector lever is not in position D or manual position M. –“ ACC not possible while stationary” The required action is not possible because your vehicle is stationary, e.g. when setting a desired speed.–“ ACC not possible Revs too high” Adaptive cruise control was deactivated because the engine-speed limit was reached in manual position M of the PDK selector lever/ shift paddles.–“ ACC not possible Gradient too steep” The desired distance or the desired speed cannot be set because the incline of the road is too steep.–“ ACC not possible Stationary object ahead ” The action is not possible because a stationary object was detected ahead.
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170 Driving and Driving Safety
If aftermarket systems are installed by non- dealership technicians or outside the selling dealer, problems may result. Installation of aftermarket equipment is not covered under the New Car Warranty. fConsult your authorized Porsche dealer about the installation of non-Porsche approved equipment.
Reception quality
The reception quality of your car telephone will change constantly when you are driving. Interference caused by buildings, landscape and weather is unavoidable. It may become particu-larly difficult to hear when using the hands-free function due to external noise such as engine and wind noise.
Automatic car-wash
fUnscrew external antennas before using an automatic car-wash.
Porsche Communication
Management (PCM)
Setting or operating the multi-function display, radio, navigation system, telephone or other equipment when driving could distract you from the traffic. You could lose control of the vehicle.fOperate the components while driving only if the traffic situation allows you to do so safely.fCarry out any complicated operating or setting procedures only with the vehicle stationary.fIf it is necessary to operate these components while the vehicle is in motion, use the function keys on the multi-functional steering wheel.
fRefer to the separate operating instructions before putting the PCM into operation.
When put into operation for the first time, a distance of approx. 3 miles (5 km) must be driven in order for the navigation system to complete the process of fine calibration. The same applies when the tires are changed (e.g. summer/snow tires) or new tires fitted. Full location accuracy is not yet achieved during the fine-calibration process.
If the vehicle has been transported (e.g. ferry, car train), the system may take a few minutes after being switched on before it determines the current location.
Serious tire slip (e.g. spinning wheels on snow) may result in temporarily inaccurate navigation.
When the battery has been disconnected, it may take up to 15 minutes before the navigation system is operational once more.
Satellite radio
You must have the satellite radio activated before you can put it into operation. You will need a contract with a provider in order to use this radio.fRefer to the separate radio operating instructions before putting into operation.
Operation of On-Board Systems
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172 Driving and Driving Safety
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK)
Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) is a seven-speed transmission with an automatic and a manual selection mode.
In automatic selection mode (selector-lever position D), gear changing is automatic. You can change temporarily from automatic to manual mode using the shift buttons on the steering wheel.
In manual selection mode (selector-lever position M), you change gear using the shift buttons or shift paddles on the steering wheel or with the PDK selector lever.
You can change between selector-lever positions D and M as you wish while driving.
Information
fTake care not to operate the shift buttons on the steering wheel inadvertently in either automatic or manual mode, thereby triggering undesired gear changes.
Changing selector-lever position
The selector lever is blocked in the P position when the ignition is switched off.
When the ignition is switched on, the selector lever can be moved from position P and N only when the release button is pressed, and when the brake pedal is pressed.
Release button
The release button ( arrow) in the selector lever prevents the gear from being changed unintentionally.The release button must be pressed when shifting to position R or P.
Starting
The engine can be started only if the brake pedal is depressed and the selector lever is in position P or N.
Driving off
fOnly select the desired position for driving off ( D, M or R) when the engine is idling and the brake pedal is pressed.fSince the vehicle crawls when in gear, do not release the brake until you are ready to drive off.
Driving off on hills
The Drive-Off Assistant assists the driver when driving off on hills. The vehicle is held on the slope for a short time during the change from the brake pedal to the accelerator to facilitate driving off immediately after the brake is released.fPlease see the chapter “HOLD FUNCTION: DRIVE-OFF ASSISTANT, STANDSTILL MANAGEMENT” on page 184.
Stopping
fFor a brief stop, e.g. at traffic lights, leave the selector lever in drive position and hold the vehicle with the brake pedal.fDo not hold the vehicle on a slope using the accelerator. Use the brake pedal or the electric parking brake instead.fBefore leaving the vehicle, always apply the electric parking brake and move the selector lever to position P.
Parking
fGo easy on the accelerator!fWhen parking or maneuvering in a small space, control the speed by careful use of the footbrake.
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Indicator for selector-lever position and engaged gear
When the engine is running, the display shows the selector-lever position and engaged gear.
If the selector lever is between two positions
Effects: – The corresponding selector-lever position in the instrument panel flashes and the warning “ Activate brake” or “Engage gear selector properly ” appears on the multi-function display .
Action required:fOperate the footbrake and engage the selector lever properly.
If the selector lever is inadvertently moved from P or N into a gear (due to a fault or improper use) without pressing the brake, this gear will also flash on the display and no power transmission will occur. fTo drive off, press the brake and move the selector lever from P or N into the required gear again.
Selector-lever position R or D flashes in the instrument panel
No power transmission occurs.
Effects: – The selector lever was engaged without the footbrake being depressed. – The selector lever was moved to R above the permissible limit speed.
Action required:fPress the footbrake and engage the required selector-lever position again from P or N. If reverse gear fails:fPlease see the chapter “LIMP-HOME MODE” on page 178.
Failure of the selector lever display on the instrument panel
Transm. failure Park vehicle safely
The warning “ Transm. failure Park vehicle safely ” is displayed in red on the multi-function display.
Effect: – No selector-lever position is displayed on the instrument panel.Vehicle can be driven only until it comes to a stop.
Action required:fIt is not possible to continue driving. Stop the vehicle immediately in a suitable place. Have the fault corrected at an authorized Porsche dealer. If the vehicle has to be towed:Please see the chapter “TOWING” on page 278.
If there is a fault in the transmission:
The warning “ Transm. fault Poss. no R gear Drive on poss. ” or “Drive temperature too high Reduce load ” appears on the multi-function display .fPlease see the chapter “LIMP-HOME MODE” on page 178.fHave the fault corrected immediately at an authorized Porsche dealer.
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174 Driving and Driving Safety
Selector-lever Positions
P – Parking lock
fEngage parking lock only when the vehicle is stationary.If selector-lever position P is flashing in the instrument panel, the parking lock is not engaged. The vehicle can roll away.Shift again from selector-lever position R to P.fActivate the electric parking brake and then engage the parking lock.If selector-lever position P is flashing in the instrument panel, the parking lock is not engaged. The vehicle can roll away.Shift again from selector-lever position R to P.
Vehicles without Porsche Entry & Drive: The ignition key can only be removed in selector- lever position P.
R – Reverse gear
fSelect only if the vehicle is stationary and the brake is applied.
N – Neutral
Selector-lever position N must be selected for towing or in car washes, for example.fOnly select the desired position for driving off ( D, M or R) when the engine is idling and the brake pedal is pressed.
D – Automatic selection mode
Select position D for “normal” driving. The gears are shifted automatically according to the accelerator position and speed.
Depending on the way the vehicle is driven (economical, comfortable or sporty driving style) and on the resistance (e.g. uphill), the gear-changing points are shifted towards higher or lower engine-speed ranges.The accelerator position, driving speed, engine speed, longitudinal and lateral acceleration and the road profile all have an influence on the gear-changing characteristic.
Unwanted upshifts, e.g. when entering bends, are prevented by swiftly releasing the accelerator pedal.
Depending on lateral acceleration, upshifts on bends are not made until the engine-speed limit is reached.
When you brake, and depending on the amount of deceleration, the PDK transmission changes down earlier.For subsequent cornering, the correct gear is engaged when pressure is applied to the brakes before the bend. The bend is taken in the right gear, and when you accelerate out of the bend you do not have to change down.
With a sporty driving style, downshifts are already initiated when the brake pedal is touched lightly. This further enhances a dynamic driving style.
The PDK transmission temporarily changes to the sportiest gear-changing map, i.e. to the highest possible gear-changing points, if the accelerator pedal is pressed quickly. The transmission accordingly shifts down immediately by one or two gears (temporary downshift).
The transmission no longer selects 7th gear at very high driving speeds.
However, if necessary, the gear can be selected manually.
Upshifts and downshifts are avoided as far as possible when PSM is active. In the case of high wheel slip when PSM is switched off, upshifts are prevented until slip is no longer detected.
Driving in coasting mode
Through attentive driving, fuel can be saved in coasting mode. The vehicle rolls with the engine disengaged and at idle speed without engine braking effect.
Preconditions for automatic coasting mode – Driving in selector lever position D – Coasting mode is switched on.Indicator light on the button is off.– Sport and Sport Plus modes are switched off– PSM is active– Cruise control is not active– Engine, transmission and battery are at operating temperature– Calm/economic driving style– Slight uphill or slight downhill gradientsfSlowly take your foot off the accelerator.
The engine is disengaged and runs at idle speed. The vehicle rolls with no engine braking effect. Coasting mode is recognizable by the idle speed indicated on the tachometer.
Information
In the case of a sporty driving or when swiftly releasing the accelerator pedal, coasting mode is suppressed to allow targeted use of the engine braking effect. On more pronounced uphill gradients, “coasting” is also prevented as the coasting phases are very short due to the gradient and no significant fuel savings can be achieved. On more pronounced downhill gradients, coasting
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is suppressed because here, the vehicle does not slow down, despite the engine overrun torque and no fuel is consumed in this driving situation due to utilization of the overrun shut-off.
Ending coasting mode/utilizing engine braking effect
fPress the accelerator or brake pedalor Operate a shift paddle or a shift button or Shift gear using the selector lever.
Initiating coasting mode manually
– Driving in selector lever position D or driving in selector lever position M
When coasting mode is suppressed, e.g. in the case of sporty driving, sudden release of the accelerator pedal or excessively low engine temperature, coasting mode can be initiated manually.fTake your foot off the accelerator pedal and shift past the highest possible gear with the shift paddle, one of the shift buttons, or with the selector lever.
Switching coasting mode on and off using the Auto Start Stop button
Switching off
fPress button . The indicator light on the button lights up.Coasting mode is switched off and automatic stopping of the engine is suppressed.
Switching on
fPress button . The indicator light on the button goes out.Coasting mode is switched on and the engine is automatically stopped when the vehicle stops.
“Sport” mode activated
The PDK transmission switches to a sporty gear- changing map and shortens the shifting times.A sporty driving style is recognized more quickly and the gear-changing speeds are adapted to driving performance.
Braking downshifts are initiated earlier. Downshifts occur for small decelerations, even at higher revs.
“Sport Plus” mode activated
In “Sport Plus” mode, the PDK transmission changes to a shift program designed for driving on race circuits. 7th gear is not selected.The gear-changing performance is enhanced significantly again compared with “Sport” mode.fPlease see the chapter ““SPORT” AND “SPORT PLUS” MODE” on page 188.
Driving off with Launch Control
Launch Control allows you to achieve maximum acceleration from standstill.
Launch Control is designed to be used in a controlled environment on closed circuit driving courses where no vehicle cross traffic or pedestrian traffic is present.fUse Launch Control only if conditions permit it to be applied in a safe manner.fDo not use Launch Control if there is a possibility it could endanger other persons.Such a possibility exists if you cannot see that you have a clear road with no possibility of cross traffic in your intended direction of driving.
Information
Stress on components increases dramatically when starting with maximum acceleration in comparison with normal driving off.
Preconditions: – Launch Control should only be used when the engine has reached operating temperature.–“ Sport Plus” mode must be switched on (indicator light on the button comes on and SPORT PLUS appears on the digital speedometer or on the steering wheel).1. Press the brake with your left foot. 2. Quickly press the accelerator down fully (kickdown activated) and hold it.The engine speed will level off at around 5,500 rpm.“ Launch Control activated” is displayed on the multi-function display.Depending on equipment, the “LAUNCH CONTROL” logo appears on the steering wheel.3. Release the brake within a few seconds.
Remaining stationary for a long time with LAUNCH CONTROL can lead to overloading of the transmission.To protect the transmission, the engine power is then reduced and the LAUNCH CONTROL process is cancelled.
In order to drive off, the accelerator must first be fully released.
Endangering Other Road Users
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Shifting gears on the steering wheel
With the shift buttons on the steering wheel, you can change temporarily from automatic selection mode D to manual mode M.
For example: – Shifting down before bends and on entering built-up areas.– Shifting down on downward slopes (engine braking).– Shifting down for brief spurts of acceleration.
The manual selection mode remains engaged: – For cornering (depending on the lateral acceleration) and overrunning.– When the vehicle is stationary (e.g. at a junction).
The system leaves manual selection mode: – automatically after around 6 seconds (unless cornering or overrunning),– after driving off.
Kickdown
The kickdown function is active in selector-lever positions D and M.fFor optimum acceleration, e.g. when overtaking, press the accelerator pedal beyond the full-throttle point (kickdown).
The transmission shifts down depending on the speed of travel and engine speed.Upshifts occur at the highest possible engine speeds.
PDK selector lever
M – Manual selection mode
The currently engaged gear is retained when you change from D to M.
If you change from M to D, the gear-changing map suitable for your current driving style is selected and the appropriate gear is selected.
The selector lever and the two shift buttons in the upper steering wheel spokes or the shift paddles behind these spokes permit comfortable and safe selection of the seven forward gears.
Steering wheel with shift buttons
Shifting up using the selector lever or the shift buttons
fPress the PDK selector lever or shift button on the steering wheel forward.
Shifting down with selector lever or shift buttons
fPull the PDK selector lever or shift button on the steering wheel back.
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Steering wheel with shift paddles
Shifting up with selector lever or right “+” shift paddle
fPress the PDK selector lever forward or pull the right shift paddle on the steering wheel back.
Shifting down with selector lever or left “–” shift paddle
fPull the PDK selector lever or left shift paddle on the steering wheel back.
Shift to N – Neutral using the shift paddles
fPull both shift paddles simultaneously and release them again immediately. Transmission in N – Neutral.
The vehicle rolls with the engine disengaged and at idle speed without engine braking effect. The number in the gear indicator goes out and the selector lever position flashes.
Power transmission can be re-established by pulling one of the shift paddles or by actuating the selector lever.
At low speeds approaching standstill, the brake must be actuated in order to establish power transmission.
Fast gear shifting by repeated operation of the selector lever, shift buttons or shift paddles.
You can shift up or down by the corresponding number of gears by quickly operating the selector lever, the shift buttons or the shift paddles several times in succession.
Gear changes that would exceed the upper or lower engine-speed limit are not executed by the control unit.
There is no automatic upshift at the upper engine- speed limit in selector-lever position M. Upshift suppression can be cancelled by kickdown operation. If, for example, the engine-speed limit is reached during overtaking and an automatic upshift does not occur, the transmission shifts up in this case as a result of kickdown operation.fSelect an appropriately low gear on upward and downward slopes.This will ensure optimum use of engine power and engine braking.
Upshift prompt for fuel-economy- optimized driving
The consumption-oriented upshift indicator A in the tachometer at the right beside the digital speed display helps you to develop a fuel-saving driving style.
The upshift indicator lights up – prompting you to shift up to the next-higher gear – depending on the selected gear, engine speed and accelerator pedal position.fChange to the next-higher gear when the upshift indicator lights up.
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178 Driving and Driving Safety
Limp-home mode
Failure of the selector display in the tachometer
Transm. failure Park vehicle safely
The warning “ Transm. failure Park vehicle safely ” appears on the multi-function display. – Effect: No selector-lever position is displayed in the tachometer.Vehicle can be driven only until it comes to a stop. Action required:It is not possible to continue driving. Stop the vehicle immediately in a suitable place. Have the fault corrected at an authorized Porsche dealer. If the vehicle has to be towed:Please see the chapter “TOWING” on page 278.
If there is a fault in the transmission – Depending on priority, either the “ Transm. failure Park vehicle safely ”, “Transm. fault Poss. no R gear Drive on poss. ” warning or the warning “ Drive temperature too high Reduce load ” will appear on the multi-function display.
Transm. fault Poss. no R gear Drive on poss.
– Effects: Restricted gearshift comfort,reverse gear may not function.Action required:Have the fault corrected immediately at an authorized Porsche dealer.
Transm. failure Park vehicle safely
– Effect: Vehicle can be driven only until it comes to a stop. Action required:It is not possible to continue driving. Stop the vehicle immediately in a suitable place. Have the fault corrected at an authorized Porsche dealer. If the vehicle has to be towed:Please see the chapter “TOWING” on page 278.
Warning “ Drive temperature too high Reduce load ” – Effects:“Warning jerks” can be felt when driving off and the engine power may be restricted.Action required:Do not hold the vehicle with the accelerator on a hill, for example. Hold the vehicle with the brake. Reduce engine load. Stop the vehicle in a suitable place if possible. Allow the engine to run in selector-lever position P or N until the warning disappears.
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