maintenance Seat Alhambra 2005 Service Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: SEAT, Model Year: 2005, Model line: Alhambra, Model: Seat Alhambra 2005Pages: 272, PDF Size: 6.35 MB
Page 85 of 272

Opening and closing81
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
Volumetric sensor
This is a surveillance function or a control incorporated in the anti-
theft alarm system which detects through ultrasound unauthorized
access to the vehicle interior (i.e. through a window). This system
has two sensors: a transmitter and a receiver.
A Ac
ct
ti
iv
va
at
te
e
The volumetricsensor is switched on automatically when the anti-
theft alarm is activated whether by locking manually with the key
or by remote control.
D De
ea
ac
ct
ti
iv
va
at
te
e
The volumetricsensor is deactivated when unlocking the vehicle
manually with the key in the door lock or by radio wave remote
control.
N No
ot
te
e
• A warning lamp in the driver’s door will flash if the alarm has been
triggered by the volumetricsensor. This flashing is different from that of the
activated alarm.
• If the volumetricsensor has caused the alarm to set off three times the
alarm system will no longer go off.
• Other sensors (door opening, luggage compartment, etc.) will continue to
set off the alarm.
K
R Ra
ad
di
io
o-
-f
fr
re
eq
qu
ue
en
nc
cy
y rre
em
mo
ot
te
e cco
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
l kke
ey
y*
*
Locking and unlocking the vehicle
You can use the remote control to carry out the following
operations without having to use the key:
– Opening and closing the central locking.
– Switching the anti-theft alarm* and the safety locking system on
and off.
– Individual opening* of just the driver’s door.
– Connecting and diconnecting the inside light
⇒"Doors, central
locking" chapter.
The radio wave emitter with batteries is incorporated into the grip
of the car key. The receiver is in the cabin.
Fig. 67AL0-081
Page 87 of 272

Opening and closing83
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
Individual opening of the doors
O Op
pe
en
ni
in
ng
g wwi
it
th
h tth
he
e iin
nd
di
iv
vi
id
du
ua
al
l oop
pe
en
ni
in
ng
g aac
ct
ti
iv
va
at
te
ed
d
To o op
pe
en
n
the car, point the key at it within the effective range and
briefly press the opening button
⇒ fig. 68, arrow 1o
on
nc
ce
e
:
Only the driver’s door is unlocked. The safety lock and the anti-
theft alarm* are immediately deactivated, and all the indicators
flash to show this.
• If you press the opening button
⇒ fig. 68, arrow 1t
tw
wi
ic
ce
e
all the
locks are unlocked.
• The safety lock and the anti-theft alarm* remain deactivated.
N No
ot
te
e
All other individual door opening functions can be found in the "Doors,
central locking" chapter.K
Synchronisation
If the vehicle cannot be opened by pressing the radio transmitter
button, it could be that the code of the key no longer matches that
of the control unit in the vehicle. This can occur if the transmitter
button is frequently pressed outside the effective range of the
system.
The infrared key must be resynchronized. The synchronization
process must be completed with 1 1 mmi
in
nu
ut
te
e
.
The necessary steps for the programming of the key are:
1. Insert key into driver’s door lock and turn three times forwards
(unlock), before 5 seconds have elapsed (maximum). Each time
hold it for 1/2 second in the unlock position. Remove key. The
warning lamp in the inner driver’s door cover will flash to show that
the operation has been properly completed.
2. Press and hold “close” button
⇒ fig. 68, arrow 2.
3. Press “open” button
⇒ fig. 68, arrow 13 times. Release
“close” button. The key has now been recoded. To check the
system, the warning lamp in the door trim will flash, and the light
in the key will flash 5 times.
If any further infrared keys are being used, they must also be
synchronised. To do this, steps 2 to 4 of the synchronisation
procedure must be carried out. This procedure must not last any
longer than 15 seconds for each key and must be carried out
immediately after the synchronisation of the previous key.
T To
o een
ns
su
ur
re
e tth
ha
at
t nno
ob
bo
od
dy
y iis
s iin
nj
ju
ur
re
ed
d wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s oor
r
s sl
li
id
di
in
ng
g/
/t
ti
il
lt
ti
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f,
, tth
he
e oop
pe
er
ra
at
to
or
r ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s wwa
at
tc
ch
h tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s aan
nd
d
s sl
li
id
di
in
ng
g/
/t
ti
il
lt
ti
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f aas
s tth
he
ey
y ccl
lo
os
se
e.
.
C Ca
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s oor
r uun
nc
co
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
ll
le
ed
d ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g oof
f tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s cca
an
n cca
au
us
se
e iin
nj
ju
ur
ri
ie
es
s.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
Page 89 of 272

Opening and closing85
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
– Safetys sw
wi
it
tc
ch
h oou
ut
t1):
The switches in the rear doors can be used.
– Safetys sw
wi
it
tc
ch
h iin
n
1):
The switches in the rear doors cannot be used.
Electricwindows with an automaticclosing function* are equipped
with a p po
ow
we
er
r lli
im
mi
it
te
er
r
.
The windows stop closing automatically should anything block it.
H Ho
ow
we
ev
ve
er
r tth
hi
is
s ppo
ow
we
er
r lli
im
mi
it
te
er
r ffu
un
nc
ct
ti
io
on
n ddo
oe
es
s nno
ot
t wwo
or
rk
k wwh
he
en
n tth
he
e
w wi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s aar
re
e ccl
lo
os
se
ed
d ffr
ro
om
m oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e wwi
it
th
h tth
he
e iig
gn
ni
it
ti
io
on
n kke
ey
y.
.
Function of electric windows with ignition on
O
Op
pe
en
ni
in
ng
g
Press and briefly hold the front edge of the respective button and
the window will open fully (automaticwindow opening).
If the switch is pressed again, the window will stop immediately
C Cl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s wwi
it
th
h aau
ut
to
om
ma
at
ti
ic
c ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g ffu
un
nc
ct
ti
io
on
n*
*
( (d
dr
ri
iv
ve
er
r ddo
oo
or
r oon
nl
ly
y)
)
Lift completely the front edge of the respective button (driver door
only) and the window will close fully (automatic window closing)
2).
If the switch is pressed again, the window will stop immediately.
To o op
pe
en
n
the window, the switch must be operated until the desired
position has been reached.
T Th
he
e rro
ol
ll
l-
-b
ba
ac
ck
k ffu
un
nc
ct
ti
io
on
n*
*
1. If the window in the driver or passenger‘s door is hindered
whilst closing through stiffness or by an obstacle (roll-back
function), the window will open again immediately.
2. After the window has opened, you must lift and hold the
appropriate switch for the affected window again within 5 seconds.
If the window is still hindered whilst closing through stiffness or by
an obstacle, the window will stop closing.
1)Depending on the model version the function may be reversed.2)This function can only be operated by the controls in the driver’s door.
•
• AAl
lw
wa
ay
ys
s rre
em
mo
ov
ve
e tth
he
e iig
gn
ni
it
ti
io
on
n kke
ey
y wwh
he
en
n lle
ea
av
vi
in
ng
g tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e –– eev
ve
en
n iif
f oon
nl
ly
y ffo
or
r
a a ssh
ho
or
rt
t tti
im
me
e.
. NNe
ev
ve
er
r lle
ea
av
ve
e cch
hi
il
ld
dr
re
en
n aal
lo
on
ne
e iin
n tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e.
.
T Th
he
e eel
le
ec
ct
tr
ri
ic
c wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s aar
re
e oon
nl
ly
y dde
ea
ac
ct
ti
iv
va
at
te
ed
d wwh
he
en
n tth
he
e ddr
ri
iv
ve
er
r’
’s
s oor
r ppa
as
ss
se
en
ng
ge
er
r
d do
oo
or
rs
s aar
re
e oop
pe
en
ne
ed
d.
.
• • WWa
at
tc
ch
h oou
ut
t wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s!
! CCa
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s oor
r uun
nc
co
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
ll
le
ed
d ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g oof
f
t th
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s cca
an
n cca
au
us
se
e iin
nj
ju
ur
ri
ie
es
s.
.
• • TTh
he
e ddr
ri
iv
ve
er
r mmu
us
st
t wwa
ar
rn
n tth
he
e oot
th
he
er
r ooc
cc
cu
up
pa
an
nt
ts
s oof
f tth
he
e rri
is
sk
k wwh
hi
ic
ch
h cca
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s
o op
pe
er
ra
at
ti
io
on
n oof
f eel
le
ec
ct
tr
ri
ic
c wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s een
nt
ta
ai
il
ls
s.
.
• • NNo
o oon
ne
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d rre
em
ma
ai
in
n iin
n tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e wwh
he
en
n llo
oc
ck
ke
ed
d ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e,
, aas
s tth
he
e
w wi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s cca
an
nn
no
ot
t bbe
e oop
pe
en
ne
ed
d iin
n tth
he
e eev
ve
en
nt
t oof
f aan
n eem
me
er
rg
ge
en
nc
cy
y.
.
• • TTa
ak
ke
e ggr
re
ea
at
t cca
ar
re
e wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s aan
nd
d tth
he
e eel
le
ec
ct
tr
ri
ic
c rro
oo
of
f*
* ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e
o ou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e!
!
• • CCa
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e oor
r wwi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t vvi
is
si
ib
bi
il
li
it
ty
y cca
an
n cca
au
us
se
e sse
er
ri
io
ou
us
s
i in
nj
ju
ur
ry
y,
, ees
sp
pe
ec
ci
ia
al
ll
ly
y tto
o cch
hi
il
ld
dr
re
en
n.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
Page 91 of 272

Opening and closing87
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
N No
ot
te
e
If the window in the driver or passenger door is hindered whilst closing
through stiffness or by an obstacle (roll-back function), the window will
open again immediately.
In this case you can only close the window again after the ignition has been
switched on.
K
Notes
The automaticopening/closing function* on the driver and
passenger door windows will not function after the vehicle battery
has been disconnected/reconnected.
To reinstall this function after reconnecting the battery, please note
the following points.
• • LLo
oc
ck
k vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e
from the outside via the driver’s or passenger door.
When doing this please ensure that all doors and windows are
closed completely.
• • LLo
oc
ck
k tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e aag
ga
ai
in
n
via the driver’s or passenger door. H Ho
ol
ld
d
t th
he
e kke
ey
y iin
n tth
he
e llo
oc
ck
ki
in
ng
g ppo
os
si
it
ti
io
on
n ffo
or
r aat
t lle
ea
as
st
t oon
ne
e sse
ec
co
on
nd
d.
.
The automaticclosing function* on the driver’s and passenger side
has been reactivated.
V Ve
en
nt
t wwi
in
ng
g*
*
Mechanically operated vent wing windows
• • BBe
e vve
er
ry
y cca
ar
re
ef
fu
ul
l wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e eel
le
ec
ct
tr
ri
ic
c wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s aan
nd
d rro
oo
of
f ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e
o ou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e!
!
• • BBe
e vve
er
ry
y cca
ar
re
ef
fu
ul
l wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e wwi
in
nd
do
ow
ws
s!
! CCl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e
w wi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t vvi
is
si
ib
bi
il
li
it
ty
y oor
r iin
n aa cca
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s mma
an
nn
ne
er
r cca
an
n cca
au
us
se
e sse
er
ri
io
ou
us
s iin
nj
ju
ur
ry
y,
,
e es
sp
pe
ec
ci
ia
al
ll
ly
y wwi
it
th
h cch
hi
il
ld
dr
re
en
n.
.
• • CCh
hi
il
ld
dr
re
en
n ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nne
ev
ve
er
r rre
em
ma
ai
in
n aal
lo
on
ne
e iin
ns
si
id
de
e tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e wwh
he
en
n iit
t iis
s llo
oc
ck
ke
ed
d
f fr
ro
om
m tth
he
e oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e,
, aas
s oou
ut
ts
si
id
de
e hhe
el
lp
p wwi
il
ll
l bbe
e hhi
in
nd
de
er
re
ed
d iin
n tth
he
e eev
ve
en
nt
t oof
f aan
n
e em
me
er
rg
ge
en
nc
cy
y.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
AL0-082Fig. 70
Page 93 of 272

Opening and closing89
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
S Sl
li
id
di
in
ng
g/
/t
ti
il
lt
ti
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f*
*
Opening and closing the opening roof
With ignition switched on, the roof can be opened and closed with
the switch.T To
o oop
pe
en
n
Press switch
1.
T To
o ccl
lo
os
se
e
Press switch
2.
T To
o tti
il
lt
t
Press button
3.
T To
o llo
ow
we
er
r
Press switch
2.
N No
ot
te
e
• If the roof is open and should be tilted, press button 3and hold until the
function is complete.
If the roof should be opened directly from the tilted position, press button
1and hold until the function is complete.
• When tilting the glass roof, the screen to prevent intensive sunlight
shining in will also open automatically with the roof. If required it can be
closed by hand when the roof is closed.
• On vehicles, the roof* can also be closed with central locking by holding
the key in the lock position when locking the vehicle.
K
Fig. 72
1
3
2
B7M-0020
C Ca
ar
re
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d bbe
e tta
ak
ke
en
n wwh
he
en
n ccl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g tth
he
e rro
oo
of
f!
! CCa
ar
re
el
le
es
ss
s oor
r uun
nc
co
on
nt
tr
ro
ol
ll
le
ed
d
c cl
lo
os
si
in
ng
g oof
f tth
he
e rro
oo
of
f cco
ou
ul
ld
d cca
au
us
se
e iin
nj
ju
ur
ri
ie
es
s.
. TTh
he
er
re
ef
fo
or
re
e,
, wwh
he
en
n lle
ea
av
vi
in
ng
g tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e
a al
lw
wa
ay
ys
s tta
ak
ke
e tth
he
e iig
gn
ni
it
ti
io
on
n kke
ey
y wwi
it
th
h yyo
ou
u.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
Page 95 of 272

Lights and visibility91
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
L
Li
ig
gh
ht
ts
s aan
nd
d vvi
is
si
ib
bi
il
li
it
ty
y
S
Sw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
es
s
Switching lights on and off
L
Li
ig
gh
ht
ti
in
ng
g ssw
wi
it
tc
ch
h 1
– Switched off
– Side lights
1)
– Dipped or main beamThe headlights only work when the ignition is on. When the engine
is being started and after ignition has been switched off, the
headlights are automatically switched to side lights.
Dipping and flashing the headlights
⇒"Indicators and dipped
beam lever" chapter.
N No
ot
te
e
If lights are not switched off and the ignition key is removed, a buzzer* will
sound when the driver’s door is open.
F Fr
ro
on
nt
t ffo
og
g lli
ig
gh
ht
ts
s*
*
With lighting switch in side light or dipped/main beam position
pull switch out to first detent.
R Re
ea
ar
r ffo
og
g lli
ig
gh
ht
t*
*
• • VVe
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t ffo
og
g lli
ig
gh
ht
ts
s
Turn lighting switch to dipped/main beam position and pull switch
out to stop.
• • VVe
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h ffo
og
g lli
ig
gh
ht
ts
s
With lighting switch in dipped/main beam position, pull switch out
to 2nd detent.
0
Fig. 75
1)In some countries, when the side lights are switched on with the ignition on, the
dipped headlights also come on with reduced intensity.
123
AL0-018
Page 97 of 272

Lights and visibility93
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
oncoming traffic from being dazzled more than is unavoidable. At
the same time the correct headlight beam setting provides the
best possible visibility for the driver.
The headlights can only be regulated with the dipped headlights
switched on.
To lower the beams, turn knurled discfrom the basicposition (–)
downwards.
K
S Sw
wi
it
tc
ch
he
es
s iin
n tth
he
e cce
en
nt
tr
ra
al
l cco
on
ns
so
ol
le
e
Rear window heating 1
The heating will only function when the ignition is turned on.
On vehiclesw wi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t wwi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n hhe
ea
at
ti
in
ng
g
*, the heating is turned
on/off using this switch. A warning lamp will light up in the switch
when the heating is on.
On vehicles with electrically adjustable exterior mirrors the mirrors
are heated as long as the rear window heating is switched on.
On vehiclesw wi
it
th
h wwi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n hhe
ea
at
ti
in
ng
g
, the heating is switched on
with a button.
The rear window heating automatically switches off about 20
minutes after it is switched on. It can also be switched off earlier by
pressing the button again.
If the heating is still required, simply press the button again. It will
again be switched off automatically after a further 20 minutes.
On vehicles with electrically adjustable exterior mirrors the mirrors
are heated as long as the rear window heating is switched on.
F Fo
or
r tth
he
e ssa
ak
ke
e oof
f tth
he
e een
nv
vi
ir
ro
on
nm
me
en
nt
t
As soon as window is clear, switch element off. The reduced current
consumption helps to reduce fuel consumption ⇒"Economic and
environment friendly driving" chapter.K
Fig. 77
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ESP2PDC
1
AL0-087
Page 99 of 272

Lights and visibility95
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
When the hazard warning lamps are switched on, all four signal
lights flash simultaneously. The warning lamps for the indicators
and a warning lamp in the switch will also flash.
Note legal requirements when employing such safety measures.
K
Parking distance control (PDC)*6
This system helps prevent small bumps which may occur while
parking, especially in city traffic when parking between other cars.
If the appropriate switch (PDC) in the centre console is pressed, the
sensors in the vehicle’s bumper warn the driver of the proximity of
objects with an intermittent beep and a warning lamp. This
warning occurs when the distance between vehicle and obstacle is
40cm. The beep speeds up until it becomes continuous, when the
distance is approximately 20cm.
K
Free space for additional switch8
⇒ fig. 78K
Sun visors
The sun visors can be pulled out of the side mountings and swung
towards the doors.
The illuminated* make-up mirror is switched on when the cover is
opened.
K
Fig. 79AL0-088
Page 101 of 272

Lights and visibility97
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
I
In
nt
te
er
ri
io
or
r lli
ig
gh
ht
ts
s
Front interior lightA
V
Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h ssl
li
id
di
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f:
:
• Switch pressed on left – light permanently on
• Switch in centre position – controlled by door contacts
• Switch pressed on right – light off
Interior lights with time delayed switch off* remain on for about
12 seconds after doors are closed. If the ignition is switched on
during this period, these interior lights go out immediately.V Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t ssl
li
id
di
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f:
:
• Switch pressed on right – light permanently on
• Switch in centre position – light off
• Switch pressed on left – controlled by door contacts
Interior lights with time delayed switch off* remain on for about20
seconds after doors are closed. If the ignition is switched on during
this period, these interior lights go out immediately.
K
Front reading light* B
V Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
h ssl
li
id
di
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f:
:
• Switch pressed on left – light off
• Switch pressed on right – light on
V Ve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
es
s wwi
it
th
ho
ou
ut
t ssl
li
id
di
in
ng
g rro
oo
of
f:
:
• Switch pressed on left – light on
• Switch pressed on right – light off
K
Fig. 81
AB
B7M-0017
Page 103 of 272

Lights and visibility99
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
W
Wi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n wwa
as
sh
he
er
rs
s
Front windscreen wipers
Wipers and washers only work when ignition is switched on.
C Ca
au
ut
ti
io
on
n
When it is freezing, check that the wiper blades are not frozen to the glass
before switching the wipers on for the first time.
The heated windscreen washer jets* are switched on when the
ignition is switched on and the amount of heat is regulated
automatically according to the outside temperature
N No
ot
te
e
• Topping up washer fluid ⇒"Windscreen washer" chapter.
• Changing windscreen wiper blades
⇒"Windscreen wiper blades" chapter.
W Wi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n
• • WWi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n wwi
ip
pe
er
rs
s oof
ff
f
Lever at position
0.
• • IIn
nt
te
er
rm
mi
it
tt
te
en
nt
t wwi
ip
pe
e
Lever at position
1.
Use lever
Ato change the intervals of the intermittent wipe. Four
levels are available.
Lever to the right – brief intervals
Lever to the right – long intervals
The intervals of each level are determined by the speed of the
vehicle.
• • WWi
ip
pe
er
r ssl
lo
ow
w
Lever at position
2.
• • WWi
ip
pe
er
r ffa
as
st
t
Lever at position
3.
• • FFl
li
ic
ck
k wwi
ip
pe
e
Lever at position
4.
Fig. 84
A
0
1
2
3
45
LEO-027
T Th
he
e wwi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n wwi
ip
pe
er
rs
s mmu
us
st
t bbe
e iin
n vve
er
ry
y ggo
oo
od
d cco
on
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it
ti
io
on
n tto
o een
ns
su
ur
re
e ccl
le
ea
ar
r
v vi
is
si
ib
bi
il
li
it
ty
y ⇒"
"W
Wi
in
nd
ds
sc
cr
re
ee
en
n wwi
ip
pe
er
r bbl
la
ad
de
es
s"
" cch
ha
ap
pt
te
er
r.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G