wheel SSANGYONG MUSSO 2003 Repair Manual

WHEEL ALIGNMENT 2B-9
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SYSTEM OPERATION
FOUR WHEEL ALIGNMENT CASTER Caster is the tilting 91 the uppermost point of the steering axis either forward or backward from the vertical when viewed from the side of the vehicle. A backward tilt is positive, and a forward tilt is negative. Caster influencesdirectional control of the steering but does not affect
tire wear. Weak springs or overloading a vehicle will affect
caster. One wheel with more positive caster will pull
toward the center of the car. This condition will cause the car to move or lean toward the side with the least
amount of positive caster. Caster is measured in degrees. CAMBER Camber is the tilting of the top of the tire from the vertical when viewed from the front of the vehicle. When thetires tilt outward, the camber is positive. When the tires tilt inward, the camber is negative. The camber angle is measured in degrees from the vertical. Camber
influences both directional control and tire wear.
If the vehicle has too much positive camber, the outside
shoulder of the tire will wear. If the vehicle has too much
negative camber, the inside shoulder of the tire will wear.
The first responsibility of engineering is to design safesteering and suspension systems. Each componentmust be strong enough to withstand and absorb extremepunishment. Both the steering system and the front and the rear suspension must function geometrically with thebody mass. The steering and the suspension systems require that the front wheels self-return and that the tire rolling effortand the road friction be held to a negligible force in orderto allow the customer to direct the vehicle with the least effort and the most comfort. A complete wheel alignment check should include
measurements of the rear toe and camber. Four-wheel alignment assures that all four wheels will be running in precisely the same direction. When the vehicle is geometrically aligned, fuel economy and tire life are at their peak, and steering andperformance are maximized. TOE
Toe-in is the turning in of the tires, while toe-out is the turning out of the tires from the geometric centerline or thrust line. The toe ensures parallel rolling of the wheels. The toe serves to offset the small deflections of the wheel support system which occur when the vehicle is rollingforward. The specified toe angle is the setting whichachieves 0 degrees of toe when the vehicle is moving. Incorrect toe-in or toe-out will cause tire wear and
reduced fuel economy. As the individual steering andsuspension components wear from vehicle mileage,
additional toe will be needed to compensate for the wear. Always correct the toe dimension last.

SECTION 2C
FRONT SUSPENSION
TABLE OF CONTENTSSPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Type
Spring Type
Torsion Bar Shock Absorber
Stabilizer Type
Double Wishbone
Torsion Bar Spring 1,040 mm
24.5 mm
Cylindrical Reciprocation Type
Torsion Bar Spring
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-1General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-1
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . 2C-2
Component Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-3
Front Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-3
Maintenance and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
On-Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
Front Stabilizer Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-4
Application Description
Torsion Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-6
Front Lower and Upper Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-8
Front Shock Absorber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2C-10
Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor (Wheel G Sensor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-12
Vertical and Lateral Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-13
ECS (ECU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C-14
Length Outer Diameter(
)

FRONT SUSPENSION 2C-7
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Remove the fixing nuts and bolts of the shock absorberand lower arm connection. Installation Notice
2. Remove the connecting nuts of the stabilizer bar link to the lower arm. Installation Notice
3. Turn the height control bolt until the distance between the end of the height control bolt end piece and the bolt end becomes 0-5 mm. Installation Notice Install the torsion bar spring and adjust the distance between the end of the height control bolt and piece end the bolt end to be 50-55 mm. Adjust the vehicle height.
Tightening Torque 60 - 80 Nm
Tightening Torque 16 - 22 Nm
4. Remove the torque arm fixing nuts and bolts and then withdraw the torsion bar spring. Installation Notice
M10 M12
Tightening Torque40 - 60 Nm 60 - 80 Nm
5. Installation should follow the removal precedure in thereverse order.
6. Check and adjust the wheel alignment.

2C-12 FRONT SUSPENSION
1 Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor (wheel Gsensor)
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Disconnect extension wiring connector (2) from the axle vertical acceleration sensor. Notice Installation of wiring connector should be as shown in the right drawing.
2. Unscrew bolts (3) and remove the axle vertical acceleration sensor (1). Notice When installing the sensor to the bracket, the sensor wiring should be upward.
3. Installation should follow the removal procedure in the reverse order. 1 Actuator Connector
2 Axle Vertical Acceleration Sensor Connector
3 Front Hose Mounting Bracket
4 Frame Side Member
AXLE VERTICAL ACCELERATION SENSOR (WHEEL G SENSOR)2 Extension Wiring
3 Bolt (M6)
............................................. 20 - 30Nm

DescriptionAlumimun7JJ X 15
Radial Tire
P215 / 75R 15 - 30psi P235 / 75R 15 - 30psiP255 / 70R 15 - 30psi
Application
Wheel SECTION 2E
TIRES AND WHEELS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS
Application
Wheel Bolt
N
m
80 - 120
110 - 130
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-1 General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-1
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . 2E-1
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-2 Wear Pattern Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-2
Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3 Radial Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3Wheel Disc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-3
Component Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-4 Wheel and Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-4
Maintenance and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5
On-Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5 Wheels and Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2E-5
Material Size
Tire Type Size and Tire Pressure
Steel Alumimum

2E-2 TIRES AND WHEELSDIAGNOSIS
WEAR PATTERN DIAGNOSIS
Wear Pattern Possible Cause Remedy
Wear on Both Tread Shoulders Under Inflation
Wear on Tread Center Over Inflation
Tread Torn Out Under Inflation
One-sided Tread Wear Incorrect Camber or Toe-in
Feather Edging of Tread Incorrect Toe-in
Spotty Tread Wear Out of Wheel Balance
Spotty Wear-wear Localized on Shoulder Sections Out of Wheel Balance Play in Hub Bearings Play in Ball Joint Defective Shock Absorber
Adjust AdjustAdjustAdjustAdjustAdjust Adjust
Check play
Adjust preload
Check Check

TIRES AND WHEELS 2E-3
IDENTIFICATION
RADIAL TIRE WHEEL DISC
7 J x
16 ET 39
Wheel Offset (mm) (Distance from rim center to wheel nave contacting surface)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Identification for One-piece Well-base Rim
Code Letter for Height and Profile of Rim Flange
Rim Width (Inch)
ET : Distance from Rim Center to Wheel have Contacting Surface (mm)
a : Rim Width (Inch)
d : Rim Diameter (Inch)
Four Season Mud & Snow
P 215/75 R 15 94 H M+S
Speed Rating (max. 210km/h)
Load Range (below 670kg)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Radial Tire
Aspect Ratio = (Section Height ÷ Section
Width) x 100
Section Width (mm)
Passenger Car
215/65 R 16 93 V
Speed Rating (max. 240km/h)
Load Range (below 650kg)
Rim Diameter (inch)
Radial Tire
Aspect Ratio = (Section Height ÷ Section
Width) x 100
Section Width(mm)
Summer Tire

2E-4 TIRES AND WHEELSCOMPONENT LOCATOR
WHEEL AND TIRE
1 Wheel Bolts .................Steel Wheel : 80-120 Nm
.......................... Aluminium Wheel : 110-130 Nm
2 Steel Wheel
3 Aluminium Wheel
4 Tire
5 Steel Wheel Weight Balance
6 Hub Cap

TIRES AND WHEELS 2E-5
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR ON-VEHICLE SERVICE WHEELS AND TIRES Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Inspection of tireCheck tread area for tread surface, crack, damage by nail
in or stones. Replace or repair if necessary.
Replace the tire if tread-wear indicator of the tread
grooves appears where marked ' ' .
The wear limit of snow tire is the same as normal tire
(1.6mm) and indicator location is marked ' '.
Limit 1.6mm
Standard
2.66mm
Standard
2.03mm
2. Wear limit.
3. Runout measurement.
Excessive runout of tires and wheels can cause the
abnormal wear of tire. Using a dial indicator, measure wheel and tire runout.
Measure radial runout at the rim flange and center of
the tire tread area.
Measure lateral runout at the tire bead area of the wheel
and tire sidewall. Notice
If runout is excessive, replace the tire or wheel.

2E-6 TIRES AND WHEELS
4. Tire pressure inspection. Tire pressure.
Check tread contact with road.
Notice
If underinflated, tire may come away from the wheel
during rapid steering.
An overinflated tire will cause a hard riding and uneven
wear.
Front & Rear
(P235/75R15) 2.1kg/cm (30PSI)
2
5. Wheel balance. Balance weights should be on each side. When the wheel
is out of balance or a tire has been repaired, be sure to balance the wheel again.
If total weight is over 150g, readjust the balance by
reinstalling the tire on the wheel.
Balance weight should not protrude from the wheel rim
over 3mm.
For aluminum wheel, use aluminum wheel balance weight
only.