EGR SSANGYONG TURISMO 2013 Owner's Guide

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Load Engine speedSwirl
valveAmount of
swirlRemarks
Low speed,
Low loadbelow 3,000 rpm Closed HeavyIncreased EGR ratio, better air-fuel
mixture (reduce exhaust gas))
High speed,
High loadover 3,000 rpm Open LightIncrease charge efficiency, higher
engine power
The variable swirl valve actuator operates when
turning the ignition switch ON/OFF position to
open/close the swirl valve. In this period, the
soot will be removed and the learning for swirl
valve position is performed.
Swirl: This is the twisted (radial) air flow along the cylinder wall during the intake stroke. This
stabilizes the combustion even in lean air-fuel mixture condition.
Swirl valve
E. Features
Swirl and air intake efficiency
To generate the swirl, the intake port should be serpentine design. This makes the resistance in air
flow. The resistance in air flow in engine high speed decreases the intake efficiency. Eventually, the
engine power is also decreased, Thus, the swirl operation is deactivated in high speed range to
increase the intake efficiency.
Relationship between swirl and EGR
To reduce Nox, it is essential to increase EGR ratio. However, if EGR ratio is too high, the PM also
could be very higher. And, the exhaust gas should be evenly mixed with newly aspired air.
Otherwise, PM and CO are dramatically increased in highly concentrated exhaust gas range and
EGR ratio could not be increased beyond a certain limit. If the swirl valve operates in this moment,
the limit of EGR ratio will be higher. -
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F. Relationship between swirl and fuel injection pressur
The injector for DI engine uses the multi hole design. For this vehicle, there are 8 holes in injector. If the
swirl is too strong, the injection angles might be overlapped and may cause the increased PM and
insufficient engine power. Also, if the injection pressure is too high during strong swirl, the injection
angles might be overlapped. Therefore, the system may decreases the fuel injection pressure when
the swirl is too strong.

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Electric throttle
bodyAccelerator
pedal
moduleD20DTR
ECU
(9) EGR control
A. Overview
The EGR (Electric-Exhaust Gas Recirculation) valve reduces the NOx emission level by recirculating
some of the exhaust gas to the intake system.
To meet Euro-V regulation, the capacity and response rate of E-EGR valve in D20DTR engine have
been greatly improved. The EGR cooler with high capacity reduces the Nox, and the bypass valve
reduces the CO and HC due to EGR gas before warming up.
Also, the engine ECU adjusts the E-EGR opening by using the air mass signal through HFM sensor. If
the exhaust gas gets into the intake manifold when the EGR valve is open, the amount of fresh air
through HFM sensor should be decresed.
B. Components
E-EGR cooler
Coolant
temperature
sensorOxygen sensor
HFM (intake
air
temperature)
Crankshaft
position
sensorE-EGR valve
T-MAP
sensor

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C. Input/Output of E-EGR system

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D. Bypass control for EGR cooler
Cooler temperature ▶
When the coolant temperature is below 70℃, the exhaust gas is bypassed the EGR cooler.
Exhaust gas temperature ▶
When the exhaust gas tem
perature is below 300℃, the exhaust gas is bypassed the EGR cooler
Otherwise, PM could be increased due to too low exhaust gas temperature.
E. Control elements for EGR system
Accelerator pedal (engine load) - Indicates the driver's intention and engine load. If the load goes
up, the EGR ratio is decreased.
T-MAP (boost pressure map stored in ECU) - Compensates the difference in boost pressure by
adjusting EGR ratio.
Engine rpm - Used as the signal for determining EGR operating range.
Coolant temperature - When the coolant temperature is low, NOx is decreased but PM could be
increased. So, to reduce PM, decrease EGR ratio when the coolant temperature is low.
Intake air mass and temperature - HFM sensor measures the intake air mass to calculate the
actual EGR volume. If the air mass is larger than programmed value in map, EGR ratio will be
higher.
EGR position sensor - Detects the actual opening angle of EGR valve and performs feedback
function according to PWM control by ECU.
Wide band oxygen sensor - Detects the oxygen volume in exhaust gas to check if the EGR ratio is
proper.
Electronic throttle body - Keeps EGR ratio to optimized level by controlling the throttle body in EGR
operating range (decreasing pressure in intake manifold). -
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F. Features
As EGR ratio goes up, smoke volume will be
higher. But, this lowers the combustion
chamber temperature and accordingly the
concentration of NOx is decreased. The point
with highest NOx is immediately after TDC.As EGR temperature goes up, the
concentration of NOx will be higher. Thus, it is
necessary to cool down the exhaust gas.
However, during engine cooled, it may cause
large amount of PM. To prevent this, the
exhaust gas is bypassed the EGR cooler.

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HFM (intake air
temperature)CDPF
Electric throttle
bodyCoolant
temperature
sensorOxygen sensor
Injector (C3I)
E-EGR valve
(11) Wide band oxygen sensor control
A. Overview
For diesel engine, combustion is not performed at the optimum (theoretically correct) air-fuel ratio and
the oxygen concentration is thin in most cases. So the wide-band oxygen sensor is used for this kind o
f
engine, and this sensor is a little different from the one that used for gasoline engine. The combustion
in diesel engine is controlled by fuel injection volume. Therefore, the wide band oxygen sensor should
be used in diesel engine. This sensor measures the air-fuel ratio in very wide range, and is also called
full range oxygen sensor.
The wide band oxygen sensor measures the oxygen density in exhaust gas and sends it to ECU
to control the EGR more precisely. -
B. Components
D20DTR ECU

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(14) Immobilizer control
A. Overview
The Immobilizer System provides an additional theft deterrent to the vehicle in which it is installed and
prevents it from being started by unauthorized persons. The transponder integrated in the key and the
engine control unit have the same code. When the ignition key with the integrated transponder is
turned to the ON position, the ECU (Engine Control Unit) checks the crypto code of the key and, if
correct, allows the vehicle to start the engine.
B. Components
Basic components (ignition key system) ▶
D20DTR ECUImmobilizer antennaIndicator/Warning Lamp
Start motorImmobilizer key

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(15) CDPF control
A. Overview
As the solution for environmental regulations and PM Particle Material) of diesel engine, the low
emission vehicle is getting popular. This vehicle is equipped with an extra filter to collect the soot and
burn it again so that the amount of PM in the exhaust gas passed through the DOC (Diesel Oxidation
Catalyst) is reduced. The CDPF (Catalyst & Diesel Particulate Filter) is an integrated filter including
DOC (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst) and DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter).
For details, refer to Chapter "CDPF".
B. Components
Oxygen sensorFront
EGT sensorCDPF
(DOC + DPF)Rear
EGT sensor
Differential pressure
sensorD20DTR ECUElectric throttle body

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1. FUEL SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
Use Only Unleaded Fuel Rated at 89 Octane or Higher ▶
Fuel quality and additives contained in fuel have a significant effect on power output, drivability, and life
of the engine. Fuel with too low an octane number can cause engine knock.
Do Not Use Methanol ▶
Fuels containing methanol (wood alcohol) should not be used in vehicle.
This type of fuel can reduce vehicle performance and damage components of the fuel system.
Vehicle Fueling from Drums or Storage Containers ▶
For safety reasons (particularly when using noncommercial fueling systems) fuel containers, pumps
and hoses must be properly earthed. Static electricity build up can occur under certain atmospheric
and fuel flow conditions if unearthed hoses, particularly plastic, are fitted to the fuel-dispensing pump.
It is therefore recommended that earthed pumps with integrally earthed hoses be used, and that
storage containers be properly earthed during all noncommercial fueling operations.

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2. OVERVIEW
The Immobilizer System provides an additional theft deterrent to the vehicle in which it is installed and
prevents it from being started by unauthorized persons. The transponder integrated in the key and the
engine control unit have the same code. When the ignition key with the integrated transponder is
turned to the ON position, the ECU (Engine Control Unit) checks the crypto code of the key and, if
correct, allows the vehicle to start the engine. If the verification has been failed, the engine cannot be
started and the immobilizer warning lamp blinks.
Immobilizer unit