wiring TOYOTA RAV4 1996 Service Repair Manual

If cause of faulty operation cannot be located with basic diagnosis, ABS electronic control system must be
checked. See DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
.
When ignition is turned on, ABS warning light should come on, then go out after 3 seconds. If ABS warning
light does not operate as specified, go to ABS WARNING LIGHT under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
.
DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
RETRIEVING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
ABS Warning Light Diagnostics
1. Ensure battery voltage is 12 volts. Turn ignition switch to ON position. ABS warning light should
illuminate, then go out after 3 seconds. If ABS warning light does not illuminate, check fuse, bulb, and
wiring harness. See ABS WARNING LIGHT
.
2. Remove short pin from DLC1. DLC1 is located in engine compartment, on left side of engine. See Fig.
2 . Using a jumper wire, jumper DLC1 terminals Tc and E1 . If a malfunction is detected, ABS warning
light will begin to flash a 2-digit Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC). First number of blinks will equal first
digit in DTC. After a 1.5-second pause, second number of blinks will equal second digit in DTC.
3. If 2 or more DTCs are stored, there will be a 2.5-second pause between each DTC. After all DTCs are
flashed, there will be a 4 second pause and all DTCs will repeat. If ABS system is functioning properly,
ABS warning light will blink 2 times per second. For code definitions, see DTC DEFINITIONS
. For
DTC diagnosis, see DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
.
4. After replacing or repairing components, clear DTCs. If battery cables were disconnected during repairs,
all DTCs will be erased. If battery cables were not disconnected during repairs, see CLEARING DTCS
.
DTC DEFINITIONS NOTE: DO NOT start engine when retrieving DTCs.
NOTE: Speed sensor diagnostics and code retrieval use different DLC1 terminals to
access DTCs. If a speed sensor or speed sensor circuit problem is suspected,
see SPEED SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS
.
DTCCircuit/Malfunction
ABS-Related DTCs (1)
11 Open In ABS Solenoid Relay Circuit
12 Short In ABS Solenoid Relay Circuit
13 Open In ABS Pump Motor Relay Circuit
14 Short In ABS Pump Motor Relay Circuit
21 Open/Shorted RF Solenoid, Defective ABS
Actuator
22 Open/Shorted LF Solenoid, Defective ABS
Actuator

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Fig. 2: Identifying DLC1 Terminals
Courtesy of TOYOTA MOTOR SALES, U.S.A., INC.
CLEARING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES
Remove short pin from DLC1. DLC1 is located in engine compartment on left side of engine. See Fig. 2
. Using
a jumper wire, jumper DLC1 terminals Tc and E
1 . Turn ignition on. With vehicle stopped, depress brake pedal
8 or more times within 5 seconds. DTCs are now erased. Ensure ABS warning light blinks 2 times per second.
Remove jumper wire. Reconnect short pin.
SPEED SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS
1. Ensure battery voltage exists. Turn ignition on. Ensure ABS warning light illuminates, then goes out after
about 3 seconds. If ABS warning light does not illuminate, check fuse, bulb and wiring harness. See ABS
WARNING LIGHT .
2. Turn ignition off. Using a jumper wire, jumper terminals Ts and E
1 of DLC1. DLC1 is located in engine
compartment on left side of en
gine. See Fig. 2. Start engine. Ensure ABS warning light blinks 4 times
.SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS

NOTE: While diagnosing speed sensors, brake system functions as a conventional
system.

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per second. If ABS light does not blink, go to ABS WARNING LIGHT. If ABS warning light blinks,
go to next step.
3. Drive vehicle straight ahead above 28 MPH for several seconds. Stop vehicle. Jumper terminals Tc and
E
1 of DLC1. See Fig. 2 . If all sensors are okay, a normal DTC is displayed (ABS warning light blinks 2
times a second). If a malfunction is detected, ABS warning light will begin to flash a 2-digit DTC. First
number of blinks will equal first digit in a DTC. After a 1.5-second pause, second number of blinks will
equal second digit in a DTC.
4. If 2 or more DTCs are stored, there will be a 2.5-second pause between each DTC. After all DTCs are
flashed, there will be a 4 second pause and all DTCs will repeat.
5. Record DTCs. Turn ignition off. Repair as necessary. See DTC DEFINITIONS
. Remove jumper wire
from DLC1. Clear DTCs. See CLEARING DTCS
.
ABS WARNING LIGHT
Circuit Description
If ABS ECU detects a system malfunction, ABS ECU illuminates ABS warning light while at the same time
prohibiting ABS control. At this time, ABS ECU records a DTC in memory. After removing short pin from
DLC1, connecting terminals Tc and E
1 of DLC1 causes ABS warning light to blink and output a DTC. See Fig.
2 .
Diagnostic Procedure
1. If ABS warning light stays on, go to step 3 . If ABS warning light does not illuminate, check fuse, light
bulb and wiring. Repair or replace as necessary. If bulb is okay, diagnose combination meter (instrument
panel). See appropriate INSTRUMENT PANELS article in ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT. If no
problems were found, go to next step.
2. Check ABS control relay. See SOLENOID RELAY SECTION
under ABS CONTROL RELAY under
COMPONENT TESTS. Replace as necessary. If ABS control relay is okay, go to next step.
3. Retrieve DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If DTC is present, perform
appropriate test under DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. If DTC is not present, and ABS warning light goes off
when short pin is removed, go to next step. If ABS warning light does not turn off, check for short circuit
in wiring harness between ABS warning light, DLC1 and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary. See WIRING
DIAGRAMS .
4. Check ABS control relay. See SOLENOID RELAY SECTION
under ABS CONTROL RELAY under
COMPONENT TESTS. Replace relay as necessary. If relay is okay, check for short circuit in wiring
harness between DLC1 and ABS control relay. Repair as necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
TC TERMINAL
Circuit Description
Connecting terminals Tc and E1 of DLC1 causes ABS warning light to blink and output a DTC. See Fig. 2 .
Diagnostic Procedure

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Turn ignition on. Measure voltage between terminals Tc and E1of DLC1. If voltage is 10-14 volts, circuit is
okay. If ABS warning light does not blink even after terminals are connected, malfunction may exist in ABS
ECU. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS actuator and
DLC1, or between ground and DLC1. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is
okay, replace ABS ECU.
TS TERMINAL
Circuit Description
Sensor check circuit detects abnormalities in speed sensor signal which cannot be detected when checking for
DTCs. Connecting terminals Ts and E
1 of DLC1 in engine compartment starts DTC check. See Fig. 2 .
Diagnostic Procedure
Turn ignition on. Measure voltage between terminals Ts and E1 of DLC1. If voltage is 10-14 volts, circuit is
okay. If ABS warning light does not blink even after terminals are connected, malfunction may exist in ABS
ECU. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS ECU and
DLC1, or between ground and DLC1. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is
okay, replace ABS ECU.
ABS ECU PIN VOLTAGES
ABS circuits and harness can be tested by backprobing ABS ECU connectors and comparing measured voltages
with ABS ECU standard values chart. See Fig. 3
.

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wiring harness between ABS control relay and DLC1. Repair or replace as necessary. See WIRING
DIAGRAMS .
2. If ABS warning light is on, go to next step. If ABS warning light is off, check for open or short circuit in
wiring harness between ECU-IG fuse and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
3. Start engine and check charging system voltage. If voltage is 10-16 volts, go to next step. If voltage is not
10-16 volts, diagnose charging system. Repair as necessary.
4. Turn ignition off. Disconnect appropriate ABS ECU connector supporting IG1 terminal. See Fig. 3
. Turn
ignition switch to ON position. Ensure ABS warning light turns off. If light turns off, replace ABS ECU.
If light does not turn off, check for short circuit in wiring harness between combination meter (instrument
panel) and ABS ECU, or between combination meter and DLC1. Repair as necessary. See WIRING
DIAGRAMS .
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
DTC 11 & DTC 12: ABS CONTROL (SOLENOID) RELAY CIRCUIT
Circuit Description
This relay supplies power to each ABS solenoid. After ignition switch is turned to ON position, if initial check
is okay, this relay turns on. If malfunction occurs in ABS control relay circuit, ABS ECU cuts off current to
ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control.
DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of following conditions may set DTC 11 or DTC 12 if condition occurs for .2 seconds or more:
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A9-1 is less than 1.5 volts and voltage at connector
terminal A9-5 is zero volts, DTC 11 may set.
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A9-1 is 10-14 volts and voltage at connector terminal
A9-5 is 10-14 volts, DTC 12 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect ABS control relay 6-pin connector A9, located in engine compartment at front of vehicle. See
Fig. 1
. Measure voltage between connector terminals A9-2 and A9-6. See Fig. 4 . If voltage is 10-14
volts, go to next step. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, repair wiring harness between ground, battery and
ABS control relay.
2. Measure resistance between ABS control relay terminal A9-5 and appropriate ABS ECU terminals. See
ABS ECU
-TO-ACTUATOR CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION/RESISTANCE VALUES . See Fig. 3 .
If resistance on every circuit is between 26-40 ohms, go to next step. If resistance is not as specified,
check for open or short circuit in appropriate wiring between ABS control relay, ABS actuator and ABS
ECU. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring is okay, replace ABS actuator.
ABS ECU-TO-ACTUATOR CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION/RESISTANCE VALUES
CircuitABS ECU
Connector/TerminalWire Color

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3. Check ABS control relay. See SOLENOID RELAY SECTION under ABS CONTROL RELAY under
COMPONENT TESTS. Replace as necessary. If ABS control relay is okay, go to next step.
4. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS control relay and ABS ECU. Repair as
necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If circuit is okay, go to next step.
5. Clear DTCs and then recheck for DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If
same DTC is output after DTC is cleared, check contact condition of each connection. Repair as
necessary. If connections are okay, replace ABS ECU. See ABS ECU
under REMOVAL &
INSTALLATION.
Fig. 4: Testing ABS Control (Solenoid) Relay Power/Ground Circuits

Courtesy of TOYOTA MOTOR SALES, U.S.A., INC.
DTC 13 & DTC 14: ABS CONTROL (MOTOR) RELAY CIRCUIT
Circuit Description
ABS control relay supplies power to ABS pump motor. While ABS is activated, ABS ECU switches ABS
control relay on and operates ABS pump motor. If malfunction occurs in ABS control relay circuit, ABS ECU
cuts off current to ABS control rela
y and prohibits ABS control.
SRLRA17-14Brown/Red
SRLHA17-15Brown/White
SRRRA16-12Green/Yellow
SRRHA16-11Green/Black
SFLRA16-6Blue/White
SFLHA16-5Blue/Red
SFRRA17-1Red/Green
SFRHA17-2Red/White

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DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of any of the following conditions may set DTC 13 or DTC 14 if condition occurs for .2 seconds or
more:
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A8-4 is less than 1.5 volts, and voltage at connector
terminal A8-2 is zero volts, DTC 13 may set.
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A8-4 is 10-14 volts, and voltage at connector terminal
A8-2 is 10-14 volts, DTC 14 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect ABS control relay connector A8, located in engine compartment at front of vehicle. See Fig.
1 . Measure voltage between ground and motor relay connector terminal A8-1. See Fig. 5 . If voltage is
10-14 volts, go to next step. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, repair wiring harness between battery and motor
relay. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
2. Disconnect 2 ABS actuator connectors. Check for continuity on Blue/Red wire between ABS actuator
connector terminal A7-2 and ABS control relay connector terminal A8-2. Also check for continuity on
Blue/Red wire between ABS actuator connector terminal A7-3 and ABS ECU connector terminal A16-
10. See Fig. 5
. Continuity should exist. If continuity is not present on either wire, repair open circuit on
affected wire between ABS control relay and ABS ECU. If continuity is present on both wires, go to next
step.
3. Check resistance between ABS actuator terminals A7-2 and A7-3. Resistance should be 26-40 ohms. If
resistance is as specified, go to next step. If resistance is not as specified, replace ABS actuator.
4. Check ABS control relay. See MOTOR RELAY SECTION
under ABS CONTROL RELAY under
COMPONENT TESTS. Replace relay as necessary. If relay tests okay, go to next step.
5. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS control relay and ABS ECU. Repair as
necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If circuit is okay, go to next step.
6. Clear DTCs and then recheck for DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If
same DTC is output after DTC is cleared, check contact condition of each connection. Repair as
necessar
y. If connections are okay, replace ABS ECU.

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DTC 21, DTC 22, DTC 23 & DTC 24: ABS ACTUATOR SOLENOID CIRCUIT
Circuit Description
This solenoid turns on when signals are received from ABS ECU and controls pressure acting on calipers/wheel
cylinders, thus controlling braking force. If malfunction occurs in actuator solenoid circuit, ABS ECU cuts off
current to ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control.
DTC Detecting Conditions
If the following conditions continue for .05 seconds or more, DTC will set. Voltage at ABS control relay
connector terminal A9-1 is less than 1.5 volts, and one of the following conditions is met:
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SFRR or terminal SFRH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 21 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SFLR or terminal SFLH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 22 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SRRR or terminal SRRH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 23 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SRLR or terminal SRLH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 24 will set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect 2 ABS actuator connectors. Check continuity between actuator connector terminal A7- 4 and
actuator connector terminals A6-1 through A6-8. See Fig. 6
. Continuity should exist at each pair of
terminals. Check resistance at each pair of terminals. Resistance should be 4.3 ohms for each solenoid
coil at terminals SFRR, SFLR, SRRR and SRLR. Resistance should be 8.8 ohms for each solenoid coil at
terminals SFRH, SFLH, SRRH and SRLH. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If continuity and resistance is
as specified, go to next step. If continuity and resistance is not as specified, replace ABS actuator.
2. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS ECU and actuator. Repair as necessary.
See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If circuits are okay, go to next step.
3. Clear DTCs and then recheck for DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If
same DTC is output after DTC is cleared, check contact condition of each connection. Repair as
necessar
y. If connections are okay, replace ABS ECU.

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1. Disconnect front speed sensor connector. Measure resistance between speed sensor connector terminals.
Resistance should be 1.4-1.8 k/ohms. Measure resistance between ground and each speed sensor
connector terminal. Resistance should be one megohm or more. If resistance is as specified, go to step 3 .
If resistance is not as specified, replace speed sensor.
2. Disconnect rear speed sensor connector. Measure resistance between speed sensor connector terminals.
Resistance should be 1.28-1.48 k/ohms. Measure resistance between ground and each speed sensor
connector terminal. Resistance should be one megohm or more. If resistance is as specified, go to next
step. If resistance is not as specified, replace speed sensor.
3. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between affected speed sensor and ABS ECU. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, go to next step.
4. Check speed sensor installation. Ensure mounting bolt is tightened to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS . Ensure zero clearance exists between sensor and front steering knuckle or rear axle
carrier. Replace speed sensor if necessary. If speed sensor installation is okay, check speed sensor signal.
See SPEED SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If signal is normal, go to next
step.
5. If oscilloscope is available, check speed sensor signal wave form. Remove ABS ECU. Do not disconnect
electrical connectors. Connect oscilloscope between GND terminal and terminals FR+, FL+, RR+ and
RL+ at ABS ECU connector. See Fig. 3
. Drive vehicle at 19 MPH and observe signal wave form. Signal
should be smooth and consistent without any irregular wave forms. If wave form is smooth and
consistent, replace ABS ECU. If wave form is not smooth and consistent, go to next step.
6. Check speed sensor rotor for missing teeth or damage. Check sensor tip for scratches, damage or foreign
objects. Replace components as necessary. If rotor and sensor are okay, replace ABS ECU.
DTC 37: TIRES OF DIFFERENT SIZE (2WD MODELS ONLY)
DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of the following condition may set DTC 37:
Driving vehicle at speed of more than 12 MPH for more than 20 seconds with one or 2 tires of different
sizes, 3 different times continuously will set DTC 37.
Diagnostic Procedure
Ensure vehicle tires are all the same size and correct size for vehicle. Replace tires as necessary. If tire size is
okay, replace ABS ECU.
DTC 41: LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
Circuit Description
Circuit is power source for ABS ECU, which includes actuator. If malfunction occurs in power source circuit,
ABS ECU cuts off current to ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control. DEFINITIONS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. For front speed sensor diagnosis,
start at step 1 . For rear speed sensor, start at step 2 .

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DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of the following condition may set DTC 41:
At vehicle speed of about 2 MPH or more, if voltage at ABS ECU terminal IG1 is less than 9.5 volts for
10 seconds or more, DTC 41 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Check charging system voltage. If voltage is 10-14 volts, system is okay. Go to next step. If voltage is not
10-14 volts, repair charging system. Ensure system fuses are okay.
2. Turn ignition off. Remove ABS ECU. Do not disconnect electrical connectors. Turn ignition switch to
ON position. Measure voltage between terminals IG1 and GND at ABS ECU harness connector. See Fig.
3 . If voltage is 10-14 volts, turn ignition off. Condition may be intermittent. Check ABS ECU connectors
for poor connection or damage. Repair as necessary. If connectors are okay, replace ABS ECU. If voltage
is not as specified, go to next step.
3. Measure resistance between ground and GND terminals at ABS ECU harness connector. See Fig. 3
. If
resistance is one ohm or less, go to next step. If resistance is more than one ohm, repair ground circuit
wiring. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
4. Remove ECU-IG fuse from instrument panel junction block. If fuse is blown, check for short circuit in all
wiring harnesses and components connected to ECU-IG fuse (ECM, A/C, cruise control, deceleration
sensor, combination meter, sun roof, shift lock, transmission pattern select switch). See WIRING
DIAGRAMS . Repair as necessary. If fuse is not blown, check for open circuit in wiring harness between
battery and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary.
DTC 43 & DTC 45: DECELERATION SENSOR MALFUNCTION (4WD MODELS ONLY)
DTC Detecting Conditions
Detection of the following conditions may set DTCs 43 or 45:
On 2-door models, if output voltage from deceleration sensor does not change for 16 consecutive times or
more when vehicle speed is decreased from 19 MPH to zero MPH, DTC 43 will set.
On 4-door models, after battery cables are connected, if input from deceleration sensor does not change at
one cycle (zero MPH to 19 MPH or more, then back to zero) for 16 consecutive times, DTC 43 will set.
When brake pedal is not depressed at vehicle speed of 3 MPH or more, and forward and backward force
(force of more than 0.4 "G") is detected for 30 seconds or more, DTC 43 will set.
On 2-door models, at vehicle speed of 19 MPH or more, if deceleration sensor output and vehicle
acceleration from wheel speed remains abnormally different for one minute or more, DTC 45 will set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Check deceleration sensor. See DECELERATION SENSOR CHECK under COMPONENT TESTS.
Replace sensor as necessary. If sensor is okay, go to next step.
2. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between deceleration sensor and ABS ECU. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, replace ABS ECU.

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