checking oil TOYOTA xD 2009 Owners Manual (in English)

161

Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven.
More oil is consumed by high −speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 lmp.qt./600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately. As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an express way, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL
CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Scion recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine trouble
due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check,
see “Checking the engine oil level” on
page 246.

193
When encountering flooded roads
Do not drive on a road that has flooded
after heavy rain etc. Doing so may cause
serious damage to the vehicle.
NOTICE
Driving on a flooded road may cause
the engine to stall as well as cause
serious vehicle malfunctions such as
shorts in electrical components and
engine damage from water immersion.
In the event that you drive on a
flooded road and the vehicle is
flooded, be sure to have your Scion
dealer check brake function, changes
in quantity and quality of engine oil,
transaxle fluid, etc. and lubricant con-
dition for the bearings and suspen-
sion joints (where possible) and the
function of all joints and bearings.
Winter driving tips
Make sure you have a proper freeze
protection for engine coolant.
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
or similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non−silicate, non −amine, non −nitrite,
and non− borate coolant with long −life
hybrid organic acid technology. (Coolant
with long −life hybrid organic acid
technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
See “Checking the engine coolant level”
on page 248 for details of coolant type
selection.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a
mixture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized
water. This coolant provides protection
down to about –35 C ( –31 F).
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. Section 7− 3 tells you how to visually
inspect the battery. Your Scion dealer and
most service stations will be pleased to
check the level of charge.
Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See page 247 for recommended viscosity.
Leaving a heavy summer oil in your ve-
hicle during winter months may cause
harder starting. If you are not sure about
which oil to use, call your Scion deal-
er—they will be pleased to help.
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock de −icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing. To open
a frozen lock, try heating the key before
inserting it.

241
NOTICE
Remember that battery and ignition
cables carry high currents or volt-
ages. Be careful of accidentally
causing a short circuit.
 Add only “Toyota Super Long Life
Coolant” or similar high quality eth-
ylene glycol based nonsilicate,
nonamine, nonnitrite, and nonbo-
rate coolant with longlife hybrid
organic acid technology to fill the
radiator. “Toyota Super Long Life
Coolant” is a mixture of 50% cool-
ant and 50% deionized water.
 If you spill some of the coolant, be
sure to wash it off with water to
prevent it from damaging the parts
or paint.
 Do not allow dirt or anything else
to fall through the spark plug holes.
 Use only spark plugs of the speci-
fied type. Using other types will
cause engine damage, loss of per-
formance or radio noise.
 Do not overfill automatic transmis-
sion fluid and power steering fluid,
or the transmission and power
steering could be damaged.
Do not drive with the air cleaner
filter removed, or excessive engine
wear could result. Also backfiring
could cause a fire in the engine
compartment.
 Be careful not to scratch the glass
surface with the wiper frame.
 When closing the engine hood,
check to see that you have not for-
gotten any tools, rags, etc.
Parts and tools
Here is a list of parts and tools you will
need to perform do −it−yourself mainte-
nance. Remember all Scion parts are de-
signed in metric sizes, so your tools must
be metric.
CHECKING THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
“Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent. See
page 247 for details about engine oil
selection.
Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding oil)
CHECKING THE ENGINE COOLANT
LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or
similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non −silicate, non −amine, non− ni-
trite, and non −borate coolant with long −
life hybrid organic acid technology.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a
mixture of 50% coolant and 50% deion-
ized water.
Tools:
Funnel (only for adding coolant)

245
DOITYOURSELF MAINTENANCE
Engine and Chassis
Checking the engine oil level246
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the engine coolant level 248
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the radiator and condenser 249
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking brake fluid 249
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . .
Checking tire inflation pressure 250
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking and replacing tires 252
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rotating tires 254
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . . . . . . . . .
Installing snow tires and chains 255
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing wheels 256
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \
. . . . . . .
SECTION 7 2

246
Checking the engine oil level
Low level Full level
Add
oil O.K. To o
full
With the engine at operating tempera-
ture and turned off, check the oil level
on the dipstick.
1. To get a correct reading, the vehicle should be on level ground. After turning
off the engine, wait more than five min-
utes for the oil to drain back into the
bottom of the engine.
2. Pull the dipstick out, hold a rag under the end and wipe it clean.
3. Reinsert the dipstick—Push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be
correct. 4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil
level while holding a rag under the
end.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the hot ex-
haust manifold.
NOTICE
Be careful not to drop engine oil on
the vehicle components.
If the oil level is below or only slightly
above the low level, add engine oil of
the same type as already in the engine.
Remove the oil filler cap and add engine
oil in small quantities at a time, checking
the dipstick. We recommend that you use
a funnel when adding oil.
The approximate quantity of oil needed to
raise the level between low and full on the
dipstick is indicated as follows:
1.5 L (1.6 qt, 1.3 Imp. qt.)
When the level reaches within the correct
range, install the filler cap hand− tight.
For the engine oil capacity, see “Service
specifications” on page 271.
NOTICE
 Be careful not to spill engine oil on
the vehicle components.
 Avoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.
 Check the oil level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.

260
CAUTION
BATTERY PRECAUTIONS
The battery produces flammable and
explosive hydrogen gas.
Do not cause a spark from the bat-
tery with tools.
Do not smoke or light a match near
the battery.
The electrolyte contains poisonous
and corrosive sulfuric acid.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin or
clothes.
Never ingest electrolyte.
Wear protective safety glasses when
working near the battery.
Keep children away from the bat-
tery.
EMERGENCY MEASURES
If electrolyte gets in your eyes,
flush your eyes with clean water
immediately and get immediate
medical attention. If possible, con-
tinue to apply water with a sponge
or cloth while en route to the medi-
cal office.
If electrolyte gets on your skin,
thoroughly wash the contact area. If
you feel pain or burning, get medi-
cal attention immediately.
If electrolyte gets on your clothes,
there is a possibility of its soaking
through to your skin, so immediate-
ly take off the exposed clothing and
follow the procedure above, if nec-
essary.
If you accidentally swallow electro-
lyte, drink a large quantity of water
or milk. Follow with milk of magne-
sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable
oil. Then go immediately for emer-
gency help.
—Checking battery exterior
Hold −down clamp
Te r m i n a l s
Ground
cable
Check the battery for corroded or loose
terminal connections, cracks, or loose
holddown clamp.
a. If the battery is corroded, wash it off with a solution of warm water and bak-
ing soda. Coat the outside of the termi-
nals with grease to prevent further cor-
rosion.
b. If the terminal connections are loose, tighten their clamp nuts—but do not
overtighten.
c. Tighten the hold −down clamp only
enough to keep the battery firmly in
place. Overtightening may damage the
battery case.
Checking battery c ondition—
—Precautions

280
A
Adding washer fluid263
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment Front seats 24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt 32
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air conditioning system 136
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Airbags 46
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Anti −glare inside rear view mirror 88 . . . . .
Anti −lock brake system warning
light 105
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Anti −theft steering column lock 116 . . . . . .
Appearance care
Cleaning the interior 227
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protecting your Scion from corrosion 224
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Washing and waxing 225
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio remote controls 149
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic transmission Driving with an
automatic transmission 117
. . . . . . . . .
Shift pattern 117
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift speed 117
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AUX jack 149
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auxiliary box 151
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auxiliary catch, Engine hood 20
. . . . . . . . .
B
Battery
Checking battery condition 260 . . . . . . . .
Gas caution 260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handling safety 260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recharging precautions 261 . . . . . . . . . . .
Winter driving tips 193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Before starting the engine 190 . . . . . . . . . . .
Bottle holders 153 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brake pad wear limit indicators 166 . . . . . .
Brake system 163 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brake system warning light 105 . . . . . . . . . .
Brake −in tips 156 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brakes Fluid level 249 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pad wear indicators 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brightness control 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
Carbon monoxide caution 159
. . . . . . . . . . .
Cargo and luggage
Capacity 183
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distribution 185
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stowage precautions 184
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Certification label 166
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Charging system warning light 105 . . . . . . .
Checking and replacing fuses 262 . . . . . . . . Checking and replacing tires 252
. . . . . . . .
Checking brake fluid 249
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the engine oil level 246 . . . . . . . .
Checking the radiator and condenser 249
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Child restraint Child restraint system 67
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation 69
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precautions 66
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Types of child restraint system 68 . . . . . .
Cleaning the interior 227
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clock 148
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cold weather operation 193
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controls, Instrument panel 2
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooling system Coolant level 248
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine overheating 205
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiator and reservoir 249
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiator cap 249
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Winter driving tips 193
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corrosion prevention 224
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cruise control 131
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cup holders 152
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

281
D
Defogger, Rear window97
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimmer switch, Headlight 92
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Dinghy towing 194
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directional signals 92
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Do −it−yourself maintenance
Parts and tools 241
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service precautions 239
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Does your vehicle need repairing? 235
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving Automatic transmission 117
. . . . . . . . . . .
Driving tips 191, 193
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manual transmission 120
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in the rain 192
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving tips Driving tips in various conditions 191
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving with a
manual transmission 120
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving with an automatic transmission 117
. . . . . . . . .
Economical driving 196
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Good driving practice 117, 120
. . . . . . . . .
Winter driving tips 193
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
During, Break −in 156
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E
Economical driving, Saving money
on both fuel and repairs 196 . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical system Battery 260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuse locations 239 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuses 262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency flasher switch 93 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency, In case of Blown fuse 262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency flasher switch 93 . . . . . . . . . .
Flat tire 206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If you cannot shift automatic transmission selector lever 221 . . . . . .
If you lose your keys 222 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your engine stalls while driving 204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your vehicle needs to be towed 217 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If your vehicle will not start 200 . . . . . . . .
Jump starting 201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overheating 205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Towing 217 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emissions inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs 236 . . . . . . . Engine
Before starting the engine 190 . . . . . . . . .
Checking the coolant level 248 . . . . . . . .
Emission control device 158 . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine compartment 238 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exhaust gas caution 159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hood release 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Identification number 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil level 246 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overheating 205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine coolant Winter driving tips 193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine oil Winter driving tips 193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine switch 116 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exhaust gas caution 159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F
Facts about engine oil
consumption 160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flasher, Headlight 92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flat tire
After changing wheels 216 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing tires 212 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If you have a flat tire 206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jack point 211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jacking precautions 206 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jacking up 211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loosing wheel nuts 211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lowering vehicle 214 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wheel block 210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wheel nuts 213 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .