YAMAHA YZ450F 2014 Owners Manual

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-26
EAS1SL1221CHECKING THE VALVES AND VALVE
GUIDES
1. Measure:
• Valve-stem-to-valve-guide clearance
Out of specification  Replace the valve
guide.
2. Replace:
• Valve guide
TIP
To ease valve guide removal and installation,
and to maintain the correct fit, heat the cylinder
head to 100°C (212°F) in an oven.
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a. Remove the valve guide with the valve guide
remover “1.”
b. Install the new valve guide with the valve
guide installer “2” and the valve guide re
-
mover “1.”
c. After installing the valve guide, expand the
hole in the valve guide with the valve guide
reamer “3” to obtain the proper valve-stem-
to-valve-guide clearance.
Valve-stem-to-valve-guide clearance =
Valve guide inside diameter “a” -
Valve stem diameter “b”
Valve-stem-to-valve-guide clear-
ance (intake)
0.010–0.037 mm (0.0004–0.0015
in)
Limit
0.080 mm (0.0032 in)
Valve-stem-to-valve-guide clear-
ance (exhaust)
0.020–0.047 mm (0.0008–0.0019
in)
Limit
0.100 mm (0.0039 in)
1
2
4
5
3
Valve guide installation height “a”
Intake
15.1–15.5 mm (0.59–0.61 in)
Exhaust
12.2–12.6 mm (0.48–0.50 in)
1

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-27
TIP
After replacing the valve guide, reface the valve
seat.
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3. Eliminate:
• Carbon deposits
(from the valve face and valve seat)
4. Check:
• Valve face
Pitting/wear  Grind the valve face.
• Valve stem end
Mushroom shape or diameter larger than
the body of the valve stem  Replace the
valve.
5. Measure:
• Valve margin thickness D “a”
Out of specification  Replace the valve.
6. Measure:
• Valve stem runout
Out of specification  Replace the valve.
TIP
• When installing a new valve, always replace
the valve guide.
• If the valve is removed or replaced, always re-
place the oil seal.
EAS1SL1222CHECKING THE VALVE SEATS
1. Eliminate:
• Carbon deposits
(from the valve face and valve seat)
2. Check:
• Valve seat
Pitting/wear  Replace the cylinder head.
3. Measure:
• Valve seat width C “a”
Out of specification  Replace the cylinder
head.
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a. Apply Mechanic’s blueing dye (Dykem) “b”
onto the valve face.
Valve guide remover & installer
set (ø5.5)
90890-04016
Valve guide remover (5.5 mm)
YM-01122
Valve guide installer (5.5 mm)
YM-04015
Valve guide reamer (5.5 mm)
YM-01196
Valve margin thickness D (intake)
1.20 mm (0.0472 in)
Valve margin thickness D (ex-
haust)
0.85 mm (0.0335 in)
Valve stem runout
0.010 mm (0.0004 in)
Valve seat width C (intake)
0.90–1.10 mm (0.0354–0.0433 in)
Valve seat width C (exhaust)
0.90–1.10 mm (0.0354–0.0433 in)

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-28
b. Install the valve into the cylinder head.
c. Press the valve through the valve guide and
onto the valve seat to make a clear impres
-
sion.
d. Measure the valve seat width “c.”
TIP
Where the valve seat and the valve face are in
contact with each other, the blueing will have
been removed.
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4. Lap:
• Valve face
• Valve seatECA1DX1018
NOTICE
This model uses titanium intake and ex-
haust valves.
Do not use the valves used for lapping the
valve seat. Always replace the valves used
for lapping with new ones.
TIP
• When replacing the cylinder head, replace
also the valves with new ones without them.
• When replacing the valves or the valve
guides, use new valves to lap the valve seats,
and then replace them with new valves.
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a. Apply a coarse lapping compound “a” to the
valve face.
ECA13790
NOTICE
Do not let the lapping compound enter the
gap between the valve stem and the valve
guide.
b. Apply molybdenum disulfide oil onto the
valve stem.
c. Install the valve into the cylinder head.
d. Turn the valve until the valve face and the
valve seat are evenly polished, then clean
off all of the lapping compound.
TIP
While turning the valve lapper, tap and lap the
valve seat.
e. Apply a fine lapping compound to the valve
face, and repeat the above steps.
f. After every lapping step, be sure to clean off
all of the lapping compound from the valve
face and the valve seat.
g. Apply Mechanic’s blueing dye (Dykem) “b”
onto the valve face.
h. Install the valve into the cylinder head.
i. Press the valve through the valve guide and
onto the valve seat to make a clear impres
-
sion.
j. Measure the valve seat width “c” again. If the
valve seat width is out of specification,
reface and lap the valve seat.
c

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-29
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EAS1SL1223CHECKING THE VALVE SPRINGS
1. Measure:
• Valve spring free length “a”
Out of specification  Replace the valve
spring.
2. Measure:
• Compressed valve spring force “a”
Out of specification  Replace the valve
spring.
3. Measure:
• Valve spring tilt “a”
Out of specification  Replace the valve
spring.
EAS1SL1224CHECKING THE VALVE LIFTERS
1. Check:
• Valve lifter
Damage/scratches  Replace the valve lift-
ers and cylinder head.
EAS1SL1225
Free length (intake)
40.76 mm (1.60 in)
Limit
39.76 mm (1.57 in)
Free length (exhaust)
37.01 mm (1.46 in)
Limit
36.01 mm (1.42 in)
b. Installed length
Installed compression spring
force (intake)
178.00–204.00 N (18.15–20.80
kgf, 40.01–45.86 lbf)
Installed compression spring
force (exhaust)
124.00–142.00 N (12.64–14.48
kgf, 27.88–31.92 lbf)
Installed length (intake)
34.78 mm (1.37 in)
Installed length (exhaust)
30.83 mm (1.21 in)
Spring tilt (intake)
2.5 °/1.8 mm (2.5 °/0.07 in)
Spring tilt (exhaust)
2.5 °/1.6 mm (2.5 °/0.06 in)

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-30
INSTALLING THE VALVES
1. Clean:
• Valve stem end
2. Lubricate:
• Valve stem “1”
• Valve stem seal “2”
3. Install:
• Spring seat “1”
• Valve stem seal “2”
•Valve “3”
• Valve spring “4”
• Valve spring retainer “5”
(to the cylinder head)
TIP
• Make sure each valve is installed in its original
place.
• Install the valve springs with the larger pitch
“a” facing up.
4. Install:
• Valve cotter “1”
TIP
Install the valve cotters by compressing the
valve spring with the valve spring compressor
“2” and the valve spring compressor adapter
“3.”
5. To fasten the valve cotters onto the valve
stem, lightly tap the valve tip with a soft-face
hammer.
ECA13800
NOTICE
Hitting the valve tip with excessive force
could damage the valve.
Recommended lubricant
Molybdenum disulfide oil
b. Smaller pitch
New
Valve spring compressor
90890-04019
YM-04019
Valve spring compressor adapter
22 mm
90890-04108
YM-04108

VALVES AND VALVE SPRINGS
5-31
6. Lubricate:
• Adjusting pad “1”
• Valve lifter “2”
7. Install:
• Adjusting pad
• Valve lifter
TIP
• Check that the valve lifter turns smoothly
when rotated with your finger.
• Make sure that the valve lifter and the adjust-
ing pad are reinstalled in their original posi-
tions.
E
1 2

CYLINDER AND PISTON
5-32
EAS1SL1226
CYLINDER AND PISTON
Removing the cylinder and piston
OrderPart nameQ’tyRemarks
Cylinder headRefer to “CYLINDER HEAD” on page 5-19.
1Cylinder body1
2Gaskets1
3Dowel pin2
4Piston pin clip2
5Piston pin1
6Piston1
7Piston ring set1
For installation, reverse the removal proce-dure.
1
2
3
4
4
5
6
7
10 Nm (1.0 mkgf, 7.2 ftIbf)T.R.
10 Nm (1.0 mkgf, 7.2 ftIbf)T.R.
E
E
New
New
New
M
LT

CYLINDER AND PISTON
5-33
EAS1SL1227REMOVING THE PISTON
1. Remove:
• Piston pin clip “1”
• Piston pin “2”
• Piston “3”ECA13810
NOTICE
Do not use a hammer to drive the piston pin
out.
TIP
• Before removing the piston pin clip, cover the
crankcase opening with a cloth to prevent the
piston pin clip from falling into the crankcase.
• Before removing the piston pin, deburr the
piston pin clip’s groove and the piston pin’s
bore area. If the piston pin groove is deburred
and the piston pin is still difficult to remove,
use the piston pin puller set “4”.
2. Remove:
• Top ring
• 2nd ring
• Oil ring
TIP
When removing a piston ring, open the end gap
with your fingers and lift the opposite end gap
of the piston ring over the piston crown.
EAS1SL1228CHECKING THE CYLINDER AND PISTON
1. Check:
• Piston wall (Sidewall)
• Cylinder wall
Vertical scratches  Replace the cylinder,
and replace the piston and piston rings as a
set.
2. Measure:
• Piston-to-cylinder clearance
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a. Measure the cylinder bore with the cylinder
bore gauge.
TIP
Measure cylinder bore by taking side-to-side
and front-to-back measurements of the cylin
-
der. Then, find the average of the measure-
ments.
Piston pin puller set
90890-01304
Piston pin puller
YU-01304
1
Bore
97.000–97.010 mm (3.8189–
3.8193 in)
Taper limit
0.050 mm (0.0020 in)
Out of round limit
0.050 mm (0.0020 in)
Cylinder bore = maximum of D1–D6
Taper limit = (maximum of D1or D2) - (maxi-
mum of D5 or D6)
Out of round limit = maximum of D1, D3 or D5
- minimum of D
2, D4 or D6

CYLINDER AND PISTON
5-34
b. If out of specification, rebore or replace the
cylinder, and replace the piston and the pis
-
ton rings as a set.
c. Measure the piston outside diameter D “a” at
the measurement position H “b” with the mi
-
crometer.
d. If out of specification, replace the cylinder,
the piston, and the piston rings as a set.
e. Calculate the piston-to-cylinder clearance
with the following formula.
f. If out of specification, replace the cylinder,
the piston, and the piston rings as a set.
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EAS1SL1229CHECKING THE PISTON RINGS
1. Measure:
• Piston ring side clearance
Out of specification  Replace the piston
and piston rings as a set.
TIP
Before measuring the piston ring side clear-
ance, eliminate any carbon deposits from the
piston ring grooves and piston rings.
2. Install:
• Piston rings
TIP
Level the piston ring into the cylinder with the
piston.
3. Measure:
• Piston ring end gap
Out of specification  Replace the piston
ring.
TIP
The oil ring expander’s end gap cannot be
measured. If the oil ring rail’s gap is excessive,
replace all three oil rings.
Diameter D
96.955–96.970 mm (3.8171–
3.8177 in)
Measurement position H
9.0 mm (0.35 in)
Piston-to-cylinder clearance =
Cylinder bore - Piston diameter
Piston-to-cylinder clearance
0.030–0.055 mm (0.0012–0.0022
in)
Limit
0.15 mm (0.006 in)
ba
Ring side clearance
0.015–0.065 mm (0.0006–0.0026
in)
Limit
0.120 mm (0.0047 in)
2nd ring
0.020–0.060 mm (0.0008–0.0024
in)
Limit
0.120 mm (0.0047 in)
a. 10 mm (0.39 in)

CYLINDER AND PISTON
5-35
EAS1SL1230CHECKING THE PISTON PIN
1. Check:
• Piston pin
Blue discoloration/grooves  Replace the
piston pin and then check the lubrication
system.
2. Measure:
• Piston pin outside diameter “a”
Out of specification  Replace the piston
pin.
3. Measure:
• Piston pin bore inside diameter “b”
Out of specification  Replace the piston.
EAS1SL1231INSTALLING THE PISTON AND CYLINDER
1. Install:
• Oil ring expander “1”
• Lower oil ring rail “2”
• Upper oil ring rail “3”
• 2nd ring “4”
• Top ring “5”
TIP
Be sure to install the piston rings so that the
manufacturer’s marks or numbers face up.
2. Install:
• Piston “1”
• Piston pin “2”
• Piston pin clip “3”
TIP
• Apply the engine oil to the piston pin.
• Install the piston with the F mark “a” on it
pointing to its intake (front) side.
• Before installing the piston pin clip, cover the
crankcase opening with a cloth to prevent the
clip from falling into the crankcase.
Piston ring end gap
Top ring
End gap (installed)
0.20–0.30 mm (0.0079–0.0118 in)
Limit
0.55 mm (0.0217 in)
End gap (installed)
0.35–0.50 mm (0.0138–0.0197 in)
Limit
0.85 mm (0.0335 in)
Oil ring
End gap (installed)
0.20–0.50 mm (0.0079–0.0197 in)
Piston pin outside diameter
17.991–18.000 mm (0.7083–
0.7087 in)
Limit
17.971 mm (0.7075 in)
Piston pin bore inside diameter
18.004–18.015 mm (0.7088–
0.7093 in)
Limit
18.045 mm (0.7104 in)
b
New