differential LAND ROVER DISCOVERY 2002 Workshop Manual

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 11
MANUAL GEARBOX - R380 .................................................................... 37-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
R380 gearbox ................................................................................................................................. 37-1
Gearbox casings, gear change and oil pump ................................................................................ 37-2
Selector shaft and forks, synchromesh assemblies and gear train ................................................ 37-4
R380 gearbox cross section ........................................................................................................... 37-6
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 37-7
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 37-8
ADJUSTMENTS
Spring - gear lever bias .................................................................................................................. 37-9
REPAIRS
Housing - gear selector .................................................................................................................. 37-11
Gearbox - V8................................................................................................................................... 37-12
Gearbox - Diesel ............................................................................................................................. 37-16
Seal - gearbox mainshaft ............................................................................................................... 37-20
Seal - input shaft ............................................................................................................................ 37-21
Cooler - oil - gearbox - Diesel ......................................................................................................... 37-22
Cooler - oil - gearbox - V8 ............................................................................................................... 37-23
Switch - Reverse light ................................................................................................................... 37-24
OVERHAUL
Shaft - output ................................................................................................................................. 37-25
Synchroniser - gearbox - set ......................................................................................................... 37-29
Fork - set - selector shaft .............................................................................................................. 37-31
Shaft - gearbox - input .................................................................................................................. 37-32
Extension - gearbox rear ................................................................................................................ 37-35
Pump - gearbox oil ......................................................................................................................... 37-37
Filter - gearbox oil ......................................................................................................................... 37-38
Gear - 5th gear set ........................................................................................................................ 37-38
Synchronizer assembly - 5th/reverse ............................................................................................ 37-39
5th gear - layshaft ......................................................................................................................... 37-40
Bearing - layshaft rear support ...................................................................................................... 37-42
Bearing - output shaft rear support ............................................................................................... 37-43
Shaft - reverse idler ....................................................................................................................... 37-44
Housing - gear selector mechanism ............................................................................................. 37-46
Lever - gear change ...................................................................................................................... 37-47
Housing - clutch ............................................................................................................................ 37-48
Cover - front ................................................................................................................................... 37-49
TRANSFER BOX - LT230SE .................................................................... 41-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
LT230SE transfer box ..................................................................................................................... 41-1
Transfer box cross section .............................................................................................................. 41-2
Main casing components – Vehicles up to 03 model year .............................................................. 41-4
Main casing components – Vehicles from 03 model year ............................................................... 41-5
Differential components – Vehicles up to 03 model year ................................................................ 41-6
Differential components – Vehicles from 03 model year ................................................................. 41-7
Front output housing components – Vehicles up to 03 model year ................................................ 41-8
Front output housing components – Vehicles from 03 model year ................................................. 41-10
Rear output housing components ................................................................................................... 41-12
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 41-13

CONTENTS
12 CONTENTS
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 41-19
ADJUSTMENTS
Cable - high/low selector ................................................................................................................ 41-21
REPAIRS
Bottom cover - transfer box ......................................................................................................... 41-23
Transfer box - Diesel ...................................................................................................................... 41-24
Transfer box - V8 ............................................................................................................................ 41-27
Gasket - rear cover plate ................................................................................................................ 41-30
Switch - differential lock - Up to 03 MY ........................................................................................... 41-30
Cable - high/low selector ................................................................................................................ 41-31
Oil seal - input shaft ...................................................................................................................... 41-32
Seal - front output shaft .................................................................................................................. 41-33
Seal - rear output shaft ................................................................................................................... 41-34
Gasket - rear output shaft housing ................................................................................................. 41-35
Solenoid - interlock - Up to 03 MY .................................................................................................. 41-36
Sensor - neutral ........................................................................................................................... 41-36
Sensor - oil temperature ................................................................................................................ 41-37
Switch - high low - warning ........................................................................................................... 41-37
OVERHAUL
Intermediate gear assembly ......................................................................................................... 41-39
Differential assembly ................................................................................................................... 41-42
Dog clutch - differential lock .......................................................................................................... 41-57
Input gear/bearing .......................................................................................................................... 41-60
Low gear - differential ................................................................................................................... 41-62
AUTOMATIC GEARBOX - ZF4HP22 - 24 ................................................ 44-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Automatic gearbox component layout ............................................................................................ 44-1
Control schematic ........................................................................................................................... 44-2
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 44-4
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 44-17
ADJUSTMENTS
Cable - selector ............................................................................................................................. 44-21
Stall test .......................................................................................................................................... 44-21
REPAIRS
Cable and lever assembly - selector .............................................................................................. 44-23
Selector indicator .......................................................................................................................... 44-24
Switch - starter inhibitor ................................................................................................................. 44-24
Seal - selector shaft ........................................................................................................................ 44-25
Gearbox - convertor and transfer gearbox - Diesel ....................................................................... 44-26
Gearbox - convertor and transfer gearbox - V8 ............................................................................ 44-30
Torque converter and oil seal ......................................................................................................... 44-34
Housing - torque converter ............................................................................................................ 44-35
Gasket - intermediate plate ............................................................................................................ 44-37
Intermediate plate .......................................................................................................................... 44-38
Pump - fluid .................................................................................................................................... 44-40
Seal - rear extension housing ......................................................................................................... 44-41
Gasket - rear extension housing. .................................................................................................. 44-42
Parking pawl assembly. ................................................................................................................ 44-43
Gasket - oil sump ........................................................................................................................... 44-44
Filter - oil ........................................................................................................................................ 44-45
Cooler - fluid - Td5 .......................................................................................................................... 44-45

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 13
Cooler - fluid - V8 ........................................................................................................................... 44-46
Valve body assembly ..................................................................................................................... 44-47
Seal - valve body ........................................................................................................................... 44-49
Pressure regulator ......................................................................................................................... 44-50
Lock-up solenoid valve (MV 3) ....................................................................................................... 44-51
Solenoids - shift control valves (MV 1 & 2) .................................................................................... 44-51
Harness - solenoid valves .............................................................................................................. 44-52
Electronic control unit - automatic transmission .............................................................................. 44-53
PROPELLER SHAFTS ............................................................................. 47-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Propeller shaft component layout ................................................................................................... 47-1
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 47-2
REPAIRS
Propeller shaft - front ..................................................................................................................... 47-5
Propeller shaft - rear ...................................................................................................................... 47-5
Flexible coupling ............................................................................................................................ 47-6
OVERHAUL
Propeller shaft ................................................................................................................................. 47-7
REAR AXLE .............................................................................................. 51-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Rear axle component layout ........................................................................................................... 51-1
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 51-2
REPAIRS
Differential - assembly .................................................................................................................... 51-5
Seal - differential pinion ................................................................................................................. 51-7
OVERHAUL
Differential assembly ...................................................................................................................... 51-9
FRONT AXLE............................................................................................ 54-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Front axle component layout........................................................................................................... 54-1
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 54-2
REPAIRS
Differential - assembly .................................................................................................................... 54-5
Seal - differential pinion ................................................................................................................ 54-7
Seal - oil - front axle casing ........................................................................................................... 54-9
Constant velocity joint - drive shaft ................................................................................................ 54-11
STEERING ................................................................................................ 57-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

INTRODUCTION
01-3
Abbreviations and Symbols
A Amperes
AAP Ambient Air Pressure
AAT Ambient Air Temperature
ABDC After Bottom Dead Centre
ABS Anti-Lock Brake System
ABS / TC Anti-lock Brake System / Traction
Control
ac Alternating current
A/C Air Conditioning
ACE Active Cornering Enhancement
ACEA Association of Constructors of
European Automobiles
AFR Air Fuel Ratio
AP Ambient Pressure
ASC Anti-shunt Control
ATC Air Temperature Control
ATDC After Top Dead Centre
AUX Auxiliary
AVC Automatic Volume Control
BBDC Before Bottom Dead Centre
BBUS Battery Backed Up Sounder
BCU Body Control Unit
BDC Bottom Dead Centre
bhp Brake Horse Power
BP Boost Pressure
BPP Brake Pedal Position
BS British Standard
BTDC Before Top Dead Centre
BWD Backward
C Celsius
CAN Controller Area Network
CD Compact Disc
CDC Centre Differential Control
CDL Central Door Locking
CD - ROM Compact Disc - Read Only
Memory
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon
CHMSL Centre High Mounted Stop Lamp
CKP Crankshaft Position
CLV Calculated Load Value
cm Centimetre
cm
2Square centimetre
cm3Cubic centimetre
CMP Camshaft Position
CPP Clutch Pedal Position
CO Carbon Monoxide
CO
2Carbon Dioxide
COB Clear Over Base
CR Common Rail
CVS Canister Vent Solenoid
dB Decibels
DDM Driver's Door Module
deg. Degree, angle or temperature
DI Direct Injection
dia. DiameterDIN Deutsche Industrie Normen
(German Industrial Standards)
dc Direct current
DCV Directional Control Valve
DOHC Double Overhead Camshaft
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DTI Dial Test Indicator
DMF Dual Mass Flywheel
DVD Digital Versatile Disc
EACV Electronic Air Control Valve
EAT Electronic Automatic
Transmission
EBD Electronic Brake pressure
Distribution
ECD European Community Directive
ECM Engine Control Module
ECT Engine Coolant Temperature
ECU Electronic Control Unit
EDC Electronic Diesel Control
EEPROM Electronic Erasable
Programmable Read Only
Memory
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
EKA Emergency Key Access
ELR Emergency Locking Retractor
EN European Norm
EOBD European On Board Diagnostics
EON Enhanced Other Network
ERL Electrical Reference Library
ETC Electronic Traction Control
EUI Electronic Unit Injector
EVAP Evaporative Emission
EVR Electronic Vacuum Regulator
F Fahrenheit
ft. Feet
FBH Fuel Burning Heater
FET Field Effect Transistor
FIP Fuel Injection Pump
FTC Fast Throttle Control
FWD Forward
> Greater than
g Gramme or Gravity
gal. Gallons
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GPS Global Positioning System
hHour
hc High compression
HC Hydro Carbons
HDC Hill Descent Control
HDOP Height Dilation Of Precision
HDPE High Density Polyethylene
HFS Heated Front Screen
Hg Mercury
HO
2S Heated Oxygen Sensor
HMW High Molecular Weight

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-15
Hose clips
Markings (4) are usually provided on the hose to
indicate the correct clip position. If no markings are
provided, position the clip directly behind the
retaining lip at the end of the stub as shown. Worm
drive clips should be oriented with the crimped side
of the drive housing (5) facing towards the end of the
hose, or the hose may become pinched between the
clip and the stub pipe retaining lip. Worm drive clips
should be tightened to 3 Nm (2 lbf.ft) unless
otherwise stated. Ensure that hose clips do not foul
adjacent components.
Heat protection
Always ensure that heatshields and protective
sheathing are in good condition. Replace if damage
is evident. Particular care must be taken when
routing hoses close to hot engine components, such
as the exhaust manifold and the Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) pipe. Hoses will relax and
deflect slightly when hot; ensure this movement is
taken into account when routing and securing hoses.
Rolling Road Testing
General
IMPORTANT: Use a four wheel rolling road for
brake testing if possible.
WARNING: Do not attempt to test ABS function
on a rolling road.
Four wheel rolling road
Provided that front and rear rollers are rotating at
identical speeds and that normal workshop safety
standards are applied, there is no speed restriction
during testing except any that may apply to the tyres.
Before testing a vehicle with anti-lock brakes on a
four wheel rolling road, disconnect the ABS
modulator. The ABS function will not work, the ABS
warning light will illuminate. Normal braking will be
available.
Two wheel rolling road
Up to 03MY
ABS will not function on a two wheel rolling road. The
ABS light will illuminate during testing. Normal
braking will be available.
If brake testing on a two wheel rolling road is
necessary, the following precautions should be
taken:
lPropeller shaft to the rear axle is removed.
lNeutral selected in gearbox.
When checking brakes, run engine at idle speed to
maintain servo vacuum.
From 03MY
The differential lock must be engaged for two wheel
rolling road testing. It will also be necessary to
disconnect the propeller shaft from the transfer box
output shaft driving the axle whose wheels are NOT
on the rolling road. Additionally, the ETC system
must be deactivated by either removing the 10 amp
fuse (Number 28, labelled ABS in the main fuse box)
or disconnecting the ABS modulator pump. This
must be done with the ignition OFF ; a fault in the
ABS system may still be recorded.
WARNING; VEHICLES NOT FITTED WITH A
DIFFERENTIAL LOCK MUST NOT BE TESTED
ON A ROLLING ROAD WHERE THE ROLLERS
ARE DRIVEN BY THE VEHICLE.

GENERAL DATA
04-13
Transfer box - LT230SE
Automatic gearbox - ZF4HP22/24
Rear axle
Front axle
Type LT230SE, two speed reduction with front and rear drives
Reduction ratios:

High range 1.211 : 1

Low range 3.32 : 1
Low range gear to high/low range hub clearance 0.05 to 0.15 mm (0.002 to 0.006 in)
High range gear to high/low range hub clearance 0.05 to 0.15 mm (0.002 to 0.006 in)
Mainshaft input gear bearing pre-load 0.05 mm (0.002 in)
Intermediate gear bearing pre-load Torque intermediate shaft nut to 88 Nm (65 lbf.ft)
Type ZF4HP22, electro-hydraulic shift control with fluid torque
converter
Gears 4 forward, 1 reverse
Gear ratios:

First 2.480:1

Second 1.480:1

Third 1.000:1

Fourth 0.728:1

Reverse 2.086:1
Torque converter lock-up Engaged in third and fourth gears above 72 km/h (45 mph)
Input shaft axial end-float 0.2 to 0.4 mm (0.008 to 0.016 in)
Type Solid axle casing incorporating a spiral bevel differential and drive
shafts
Reduction ratio 3.538:1
Type Solid axle casing incorporating spiral bevel differential and drive
shafts with constant velocity joints.
Reduction ratio 3.538:1

TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
06-8
Manual gearbox - R380
Transfer box - LT230SE
Note: † New Patchlok nut must be fitted.
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Bias plate bolts25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Gearbox to engine bolts 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Coolant pipe housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Breather pipe banjo bolt 15 Nm (11 lbf.ft)
Gear lever extension clamp bolt 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Gearbox mounting bolts 85 Nm (63 lbf.ft)
Gearbox mounting nuts 48 Nm (37 lbf.ft)
Seal housing bolts 18 Nm (13 lbf.ft)
Bearing sleeve bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Fork bolt7 Nm (5.2 lbf.ft)
Reverse light switch 24 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Extension housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Gear selector housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Oil pump to housing Torx screws 6 Nm (4.4 lbf.ft)
Gear change lever yoke Allen screw 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
5th gear stake nut 350 Nm (258 lbf.ft)
Spool retainer bolts 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Centre plate detent spring and ball Torx screw 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Selector lever to housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Clutch Bell housing bolts 73 Nm (54 lbf.ft)
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
High/low selector cable 30 Nm (22 lbf.ft)
Bottom plate bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Transfer box to gearbox 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Rear cover plate25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Differential lock warning lamp switch locknut - Up to 03 MY
11 Nm(8 lbf.ft)
Differential lock warning lamp switches - 03 MY onwards
25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Drive flange nut148 Nm (109 lbf.ft)
Output shaft housing 45 Nm (33 lbf.ft)
Oil temperature sensor 42 Nm (31 lbf.ft)
Inhibitor switch to transfer box 26 Nm (19 lbf.ft)
Intermediate shaft nut †88 Nm (65 lbf.ft)
Side cover bolts25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Bearing retaining nut 72 Nm (53 lbf.ft)
Output flange nut 162 Nm (119 lbf.ft)
Selector housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Bearing housing/cover bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)

TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS
06-9
Automatic gearbox - ZF4HP22/24
Propeller shafts
Axles
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Selector lever to selector shaft nut 26 Nm (19 lbf.ft)
Starter inhibitor switch bolts 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Engine to torque converter bolts - Td5 & V8 50 Nm (37 lbf.ft)
Closing plate to gearbox housing bolt - V8 7 Nm (5.2 lbf.ft)
Fluid pump to intermediate plate bolts 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Intermediate plate Allen plugs (M14) 40 Nm (30 lbf.ft)
Intermediate plate Allen plugs (M20) 50 Nm (37 lbf.ft)
Oil cooler adaptors 42 Nm (31 lbf.ft)
Extension housing bolts 25 Nm (18 lbf.ft)
Oil sump to gearbox housing bolts 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Oil filter Torx screws 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Oil pick-up tube Torx screw 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Parking pawl guide Torx screw 10 Nm (7 lbf.ft)
Pressure regulator to valve body assembly 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Lock-up solenoid valve, retaining fork Torx screw 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Lock-up solenoid valve assembly to valve body Torx screws 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
Gearbox bell housing (intermediate plate and converter housing to gearbox casing)
bolts46 Nm (34 lbf.ft)
Speed sensor bracket screws 8 Nm (6 lbf.ft)
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Propeller shaft to transfer gearbox 47 Nm (35 lbf.ft)
Propeller shaft to differential 47 Nm (35 lbf.ft)
Propeller shaft to flexible coupling 76 Nm (56 lbf.ft)
Flexible coupling to differential 76 Nm (56 lbf.ft)
TORQUE DESCRIPTION METRIC IMPERIAL
Differential to axle bolts 55 Nm (40 lbf.ft)
Hub to axle bolts 100 Nm (74 lbf.ft)
Pinion flange bolt 100 Nm (74 lbf.ft)
Drive shaft nut490 Nm (360 lbf.ft)

LIFTING AND TOWING
08-1
LIFTING AND TOWING
LIFTING
The following instructions must be carried out before
raising the vehicle off the ground.
lUse a solid level ground surface.
lApply hand brake.
lSelect 'P' (Automatic gearbox) or 1st gear
(Manual gearbox) in main gearbox.
lSelect Low range in transfer gearbox.
To avoid damage occurring to the under body
components of the vehicle the following jacking
procedures must be adhered to.
DO NOT POSITION JACKS OR AXLE STANDS
UNDER THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS:
lBody structure
lBumpers
lFuel lines
lBrake lines
lFront radius arms
lPanhard rod
lSteering linkage
lRear trailing arms
lFuel tank
lEngine sump
lGearbox bell housing
Vehicle jack
The jack provided with the vehicle is only intended for
use in an emergency, for changing a tyre. DO NOT
use the jack for any other purpose. Refer to Owner's
Handbook for vehicle jack location points and
procedure. Never work under a vehicle supported
solely by the vehicle jack.
Hydraulic jack
A hydraulic jack with a minimum 1500 kg, 3,300 lbs
load capacity must be used. Do not commence
work on the underside of the vehicle until
suitable axle stands have been positioned under
the axle.
WARNING: Always chock the wheels when
jacking. The hand brake acts on the
transmission, not the rear wheels, and may be
ineffective when the wheels are off the ground.Raising and supporting the vehicle
Position cup of hydraulic arm under differential
casing (1).The differential casing is not central to
the axle. Care should be taken when raising the
front road wheels off the ground as the rear axle
has less sway stiffness.
Raise vehicle to enable an axle stand to be installed
under left hand axle tube (2).
Position an axle stand under right hand axle tube (4).
Carefully lower jack until vehicle sits securely on both
axle stands, remove jack.
Alternatively, the axle stands can be positioned
under the chassis longitudinals at the front and/or
rear of the vehicle.
Before commencing work on underside of vehicle re-
check security of vehicle on stands.
WARNING: Always chock the wheels when
jacking. The hand brake acts on the the
transmission, not the rear wheels, and may be
ineffective when the wheels are off the ground.

MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES 10-19
Front and rear axle
WARNING: Avoid excessive skin contact with
mineral oil. Mineral oils remove the natural fats
from the skin, leading to dryness, irritation and
dermatitis.
Replace oil
1.Place a suitable container beneath differential
housing of axle to be drained.
2.Clean area around oil filler/level and drain
plugs.
3.Remove oil filler/level plug.
4.Remove and discard 'O' ring from oil filler/level
plug.
5.Remove oil drain plug, allow oil to drain.
6.Remove all traces of Loctite from threads of oil
drain plug.
7.Apply Loctite 290 to threads of oil drain plug.
8. Fit axle drain plug and tighten to 64 Nm (47
lbf.ft).
9.Fill differential housing with recommended oil to
bottom of oil filler/level plug hole.

+ CAPACITIES, FLUIDS AND
LUBRICANTS, Lubrication.
10.Lubricate a new 'O' ring with recommended oil
and fit to oil filler/level plug.
11.Fit axle filler/level plug and tighten to 10 Nm (7
lbf.ft).
12.Remove all traces of oil from differential
housing.
Propeller shafts
Lubricate
Rear shaft
1.Clean area around front universal joint grease
nipple.
2.Apply recommended grease to the grease
nipple.

+ CAPACITIES, FLUIDS AND
LUBRICANTS, Lubrication.
Front shaft
3.Remove blanking plug adjacent to sliding joint
from propeller shaft.
4.Screw a 1/4in UNF grease nipple into blanking
plug hole.