engine MITSUBISHI MONTERO 1998 Owners Manual
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FLANGES
FLEX PLATES
FLUID LEVEL INDICATORS
FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS
FLYWHEELS
FORCE MOTORS
GUIDES
HALF SHAFTS
HOSES, LINES AND TUBES
HOUSINGS (BELL, CASE, TAIL (EXTENSION) AND AUXILIARY)
INTERMEDIATE SHAFT SUPPORT BEARINGS
KEY INTERLOCK SYSTEMS
LIMITED SLIPS
LINES
LINKAGES (EXTERNAL)
LOCKING HUB ASSEMBLIES
LOCKING HUB CONTROL KNOBS
LUBRICANTS
METAL-CLAD SEALS
METALASTIC JOINTS
MODULATOR PINS
MODULATORS
MOUNTS (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION)
ODOMETER DRIVES (MECHANICAL)
ODOMETER HEADS (MECHANICAL)
OIL PANS
PANS
PILOT HOLES
PRESSURE PLATES
PRESSURE SWITCHES
RACES
RUBBER JOINTS (METALASTIC)
SCREENS
SEALS
SEALS (METAL-CLAD)
SELECTOR INTERLOCK SYSTEMS
SERVOS
SHIFT INTERLOCK SYSTEMS (SELECTOR AND KEY INTERLOCK SYSTEMS)
SENSORS
SIDE COVERS
SLIP YOKES
SOLENOIDS
SPEED SENSORS (ELECTRONIC WHEEL AND VEHICLE)
SPEEDOMETER-DRIVEN GEAR HOUSINGS
SPEEDOMETER/ODOMETER DRIVES (MECHANICAL)
SPEEDOMETER/ODOMETER HEADS (MECHANICAL)
SPEEDOMETERS AND ODOMETERS (ELECTRONIC)
SWITCHES
TONE WHEELS
TOOTHED RINGS (TONE WHEELS)
TORQUE CONVERTERS
TRANSAXLE MOUNTS
TRANSDUCERS (TRANSMISSION)
TRANSMISSION COOLERS
TRANSMISSION MOUNTS
TRANSMISSION PANS
TRANSMISSION RANGE INDICATORS (PRNDL)
TUBES
UNIVERSAL JOINTS (CARDON OR CROSS TYPE)
VACUUM CONTROLS
VACUUM HOSES
VACUUM MOTORS
VACUUM-OPERATED SWITCHES
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VEHICLE SPEED SENSORS
VENTS
VIBRATION DAMPERS
WHEEL ATTACHMENT HARDWARE
WHEEL SPEED SENSORS
WIRING HARNESSES AND CONNECTORS
YOKES AND SLIP YOKES
INTRODUCTION TO MOTORIST ASSURANCE PROGRAM (MAP)
OVERVIEW OF MOTORIST ASSURANCE PROGRAM
The Motorist Assurance Program is the consumer outreach
effort of the Automotive Maintenance and Repair Association, Inc.
(AMRA). Participation in the Motorist Assurance Program is drawn from
retailers, suppliers, independent repair facilities, vehicle
manufacturers and industry associations.
Our organization's mission is to strengthen the relationship
between the consumer and the auto repair industry. We produce
materials that give motorists the information and encouragement to
take greater responsibility for their vehicles-through proper,
manufacturer-recommended, maintenance. We encourage participating
service and repair shops (including franchisees and dealers) to adopt
(1) a Pledge of Assurance to their Customers and (2) the Motorist
Assurance Program Standards of Service. All participating service
providers have agreed to subscribe to this Pledge and to adhere to the
promulgated Standards of Service demonstrating to their customers that
they are serious about customer satisfaction.
These Standards of Service require that an inspection of the
vehicle's (problem) system be made and the results communicated to the\
customer according to industry standards. Given that the industry did
not have such standards, the Motorist Assurance Program successfully
promulgated industry inspection communication standards in 1994-95 for
the following systems: Exhaust, Brakes, ABS, Steering and Suspension,
Engine Maintenance and Performance, HVAC, and Electrical Systems.
Further, revisions to all of these inspection were recently published.
Further, revisions to all of these inspection communication standards
are continually republished. In addition to these, standards for Drive
Train and Transmissions have recently been promulgated. Participating
shops utilize these Uniform Inspection & Communication Standards as
part of the inspection process and for communicating their findings to
their customers.
The Motorist Assurance Program continues to work
cooperatively and proactively with government agencies and consumer
groups toward solutions that both benefit the customer and are
mutually acceptable to both regulators and industry. We maintain the
belief that industry must retain control over how we conduct our
business, and we must be viewed as part of the solution and not part
of the problem. Meetings with state and other government officials
(and their representatives), concerned with auto repair and/or
consumer protection, are conducted. Feedback from these sessions is
brought back to the association, and the program adjusted as needed.
To assure auto repair customers recourse if they were not
satisfied with a repair transaction, the Motorist Assurance Program
offers mediation and arbitration through MAP/BBB-CARE and other non-
profit organizations. MAP conducted pilot programs in twelve states
before announcing the program nationally in October, 1998. During the
pilots, participating repair shops demonstrated their adherence to the
Pledge and Standards and agreed to follow the UICS in communicating
the results of their inspection to their customers. To put some
"teeth" in the program, an accreditation requirement for shops was
initiated. The requirements are stringent, and a self-policing method
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has been incorporated which includes the "mystery shopping" of
outlets.
We welcome you to join us as we continue our outreach... with
your support, both the automotive repair industry and your customers
will reap the benefits. Please visit MAP at our Internet site www.
motorist.org or contact us at:
1444 I Street, NW Suite 700
Washington, DC 20005
Phone (202) 712-9042 Fax (202) 216-9646
January 1999
MAP UNIFORM INSPECTION GENERAL GUIDELINES
OVERVIEW OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS & SUGGESTIONS
It is MAP policy that all exhaust, brake, steering,
suspension, wheel alignment, drive-line, engine performance and
maintenance, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and
electrical services be offered and performed under the standards and
procedures specified in these sections.
Before any service is performed on a vehicle, an inspection
of the appropriate system must be performed. The results of this
inspection must be explained to the customer and documented on an
inspection form. The condition of the vehicle and its components will
indicate what services/part replacements may be "Required" or
"Suggested". In addition, suggestions may be made to satisfy the
requests expressed by the customer.
When a component is suggested or required to be repaired or
replaced, the decision to repair or replace must be made in the
customer's best interest, and at his or her choice given the options
available.
This section lists the various parts and conditions that
indicate a required or suggested service or part replacement.
Although this list is extensive, it is not fully inclusive. In
addition to this list, a technician may make a suggestion. However,
any suggestions must be based on substantial and informed experience,
or the vehicle manufacturer's recommended service interval and must be
documented.
Some conditions indicate that service or part replacement is
required because the part in question is no longer providing the
function for which it is intended, does not meet a vehicle
manufacturer's design specification or is missing.
Example:
An exhaust pipe has corroded severely and has a hole
in it through which exhaust gases are leaking. Replacement
of the exhaust pipe in this case is required due to
functional failure.
Example:
A brake rotor has been worn to the point where it measures
less than the vehicle manufacturer's discard specifications.
Replacement of the rotor is required because it does not meet
design specifications.
Some conditions indicate that a service or part replacement
is suggested because the part is close to the end of its useful life
or addresses a customer's need, convenience or request. If a
customer's vehicle has one of these conditions, the procedure may be
only to suggest service.
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NOTE: Whenever transmission or drivetrain service is performed
that affects the suspension alignment, for example,
removing the engine cradle, it is required that the
alignment be checked and corrected if necessary.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLIES
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Any internal component
failure that requires
removal of the assembly
from the vehicle for
service. ( 1) ........... A ........... ( 2) Require repair or
replacement of the automatic
transmission/transaxle
assembly.
( 1) - It is Required that the torque converter and all other
failure related components be inspected for cause and
condition.
( 2) - For components not requiring removal of the assembly,
refer to the component listing in this document.
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DIFFERENTIAL AND FINAL DRIVE ASSEMBLIES
NOTE: Does not include half shafts.
DIFFERENTIAL AND FINAL DRIVE ASSEMBLY INSPECTION
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Condition Code Procedure
Any internal component
failure that requires
removal of the assembly
from the vehicle for
service. ( 1) ........... A ... Require repair or replacement
of the differential assembly.
( 1) - For components not requiring removal of the assembly,
refer to the component listing in this document.
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MANUAL TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLIES
MANUAL TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Any internal component
failure that requires
removal of the assembly
from the vehicle for
service. ( 1) ........... A ... Require repair or replacement
of the manual
transmission/transaxle
assembly.
( 1) - For components not requiring removal of the assembly,
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Torn .................... A ............ Require replacement. \
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ENGINE MOUNTS
See MOUNTS (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION) .
EXCITER RINGS
See TOOTHED RINGS (TONE WHEELS) .
FILLER TUBES
See DIP STICK TUBES .
FILTERS AND SCREENS
FILTER AND SCREEN INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
At service interval ..... 3 ............ Suggest replacement.
Bent .................... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Exceeding service
interval ............... 3 ............ Suggest replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Near service interval ... 3 ............ Suggest replacement.
Restricted .............. A ........... ( 1) Require repair or
replacement.
Torn .................... A ............ Require replacement.
Worn, affecting
performance (metal or
nylon screen type) ..... A .. Require repair or replacement.
( 1) - Further inspection may be required to determine the
source of restriction or contamination.
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FLANGES
See COMPANION FLANGES .
FLEX PLATES
FLEX PLATE INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Bent, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Bent, not affecting
performance ............ .. ........ No service suggested or
required.
Bolt or stud holes
elongated .............. B ............ Require replacement.
Broken .................. A ............ Require replacement.
Cracked ................. A ............ Require replacement.
Ring gear worn close
to the end of its
useful life ............ 1 ............ Suggest replacement.
Ring gear worn to the
extent that it no longer
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Damaged, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
Worn, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
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LUBRICANTS
See FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS .
METAL-CLAD SEALS
See SEALS.
METALASTIC JOINTS
See RUBBER JOINTS (METALASTIC) .
MODULATOR PINS
MODULATOR PIN INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Application incorrect ... B ............ Require replacement.
Missing ................. C ............ Require replacement.
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MODULATORS
MODULATOR INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Bent, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Contaminated (water, fuel,
etc.) .................. A ........ ( 1) Require replacement.
Housing cracked ......... A ............ Require replacement.
Inoperative ............. A ........ ( 2) Require replacement.
Leaking fluid
externally ............. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Leaking fluid
internally ............. A ............ Require replacement.
Leaking vacuum .......... A ............ Require replacement.
Nipple broken ........... A ............ Require replacement.
Threads damaged ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads stripped (threads
missing) ............... A ............ Require replacement.
( 1) - Further inspection is required to determine the cause
of the contamination.
( 2) - Inoperative includes intermittent operation or out of OEM
specification.
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MOUNTS (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION)
MOUNT (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION) INSPECTION \
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incorrect .............. B ............ Require replacement.
Teeth broken ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Teeth damaged, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
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TORQUE CONVERTERS
TORQUE CONVERTER INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Converter clutch lock-up
operation is faulty .... A ............ Require replacement.
Cover shell damaged,
affecting performance .. A ............ Require replacement.
Does not meet stall speed
specification .......... B ............ Require replacement.
End play exceeds
specifications ......... B ............ Require replacement.
Hub broken .............. A ............ Require replacement.
Hub cracked ............. A ............ Require replacement.
Internal component
failure ................ A ............ Require replacement.
Leaking ................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Pilot broken ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Pilot worn, affecting
performance ............ A ............ Require replacement.
Threads damaged ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads stripped (threads
missing) ............... A ............ Require replacement.
Weights missing ......... C ............ Require replacement.
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TRANSAXLE MOUNTS
See MOUNTS (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION) .
TRANSDUCERS (TRANSMISSION)
See SENSORS.
TRANSMISSION COOLERS
TRANSMISSION COOLER INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Air flow obstruction .... A ................. Require repair.
Attaching hardware
broken ................. A ... Require repair or replacement
of hardware.
Attaching hardware
missing ................ C .......... Require replacement of
hardware.
Attaching hardware not
functioning ............ A .. Require repair or replacement
of hardware.
Connection leaking ...... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Contaminated ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Corroded ................ 1 .. Suggest repair or replacement.
Fins damaged, affecting
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performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Fins damaged, not
affecting performance .. .. ........ No service suggested or
required.
Internal restrictions ... B .. Require repair or replacement.
Leaking ................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads damaged ......... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Threads stripped (threads
missing) ............... A .. Require repair or replacement.
Tubes damaged, affecting
performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Tubes damaged, not
affecting performance .. .. ........ No service suggested or
required.
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TRANSMISSION MOUNTS
See MOUNTS (ENGINE, TRANSAXLE AND TRANSMISSION) .
TRANSMISSION PANS
TRANSMISSION PAN INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Bent, interfering with
filter or other internal
components ............. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Leaking ................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
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TRANSMISSION RANGE INDICATORS (PRNDL)
TRANSMISSION RANGE INDICATOR (PRNDL) INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Binding ................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Broken .................. A .. Require repair or replacement.
Components missing ...... C .. Require replacement of missing
components.
Loose, affecting
performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
Out of adjustment ....... A ................. Require repair.
Worn, affecting
performance ............ A .. Require repair or replacement.
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TUBES
See HOSES, LINES AND TUBES .
UNIVERSAL JOINTS (CARDON OR CROSS TYPE)
UNIVERSAL JOINT (CARDON OR CROSS TYPE) INSPECTION \
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Condition Code Procedure
Attaching hardware
broken ................. A ... Require repair or replacement
of hardware.
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E - THEORY/OPERATION
1998 Mitsubishi Montero
1998 ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Mitsubishi - Theory & Operation
Diamante, Eclipse, Galant, Mirage, Montero, Montero Sport,
3000GT
INTRODUCTION
This article covers basic description and operation of engine
performance-related systems and components. Read this article before
diagnosing vehicles or systems with which you are not completely
familiar.
AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
NON-TURBOCHARGED ENGINES
Mirage equipped with 1.5L engine uses a Manifold Absolute
Pressure (MAP) sensor instead of a Volume Airflow (VAF) sensor.
Filtered air is ducted to a plenum-mounted throttle body.
All other models use same basic air induction system using a
remote air filter (with VAF sensor) connected to a plenum-mounted
throttle body.
TURBOCHARGED ENGINES
In addition to basic air induction system, turbocharging
system components include turbocharger(s), charge air cooler(s), air\
by-pass valve(s), wastegate actuator(s), wastegate control solenoid
valve(s) and intake duct(s).
Wastegate Control Solenoid Valve(s)
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) energizes solenoid valve(s)\
,
controlling bleed-off rate of turbocharger pressure by wastegate
actuator(s).
COMPUTERIZED ENGINE CONTROLS
Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI) is a computerized engine
control system, which controls fuel injection, ignition timing, idle
speed and emission control systems.
POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE (PCM)
PCM, also known as Engine Control Module (ECM), receives and
processes signals from input devices. Operating conditions such as
cold starting, altitude, acceleration and deceleration affect input
device signals. Based on signals received, PCM sends signals to
various components, which control fuel injection, ignition timing,
idle speed and emission control systems. For PCM location, see
PCM LOCATION table.
PCM LOCATION TABLE
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Application Location
Eclipse 2.0L Non-Turbo .......... In Front of Left Front Strut Tower
Page 456 of 1501
Mirage &
Montero Sport ... Behind Right Side Of Instrument Panel (Glove Box)\
Montero ..................................... Right Front Kick Panel
All Others ................................... Behind Center Console
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NOTE: Components are grouped into 2 categories. The first category
covers INPUT DEVICES, which control or produce voltage
signals monitored by Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The
second category covers OUTPUT SIGNALS, which are components
controlled by PCM.
INPUT DEVICES
Vehicles are equipped with different combinations of input
devices. Not all input devices are used on all models. To determine
input device usage on specific models, see appropriate wiring diagram
in L - WIRING DIAGRAMS article. The following are available input
devices.
Air Conditioning Switch
When A/C is turned on, signal is sent to PCM. With engine at
idle, PCM increases idle speed through Idle Air Control (IAC) motor.
Airflow Sensor Assembly
Assembly is mounted inside air cleaner, and incorporates
barometric pressure sensor, intake air temperature sensor and volume
airflow sensor.
Barometric (BARO) Pressure Sensor
Sensor is incorporated into airflow sensor assembly. Sensor
converts barometric pressure to electrical signal, which is sent to
PCM. PCM adjusts air/fuel ratio and ignition timing according to
altitude.
Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
On SOHC engines equipped with a distributor, CMP sensor is
located in distributor. On Eclipse (Turbo) and DOHC V6 engines, sensor\
is located beside camshaft, in front of engine. On all other engines,
CMP sensor is a separate unit mounted in place of distributor. PCM
determines TDC based on pulse signals received from sensor, and then
controls MFI timing.
Closed Throttle Position (CTP) Switch
CTP switch is located in the Throttle Position (TP) sensor.
PCM senses whether accelerator pedal is depressed or not. High voltage
(open) or low voltage (closed) signal is input to PCM, which then
controls Idle Air Control (IAC) motor based on input signal.
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
CKP sensor is located in distributor on SOHC engines, except
1.5L 4-cylinder with California emissions. On DOHC 4-cylinder, DOHC V6
and 1.5L 4-cylinder engines with California emissions, CKP sensor is
located beside crankshaft, in front of engine. PCM determines
crankshaft position on pulse signals received from sensor, and then
controls MFI timing and ignition timing.
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
ECT sensor converts coolant temperature to electrical signal
for use by PCM. PCM uses coolant temperature information to control
fuel enrichment when engine is cold.
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)