ESP OPEL FRONTERA 1998 Workshop Manual

9J1–53
RESTRAINT CONTROL SYSTEM
DTC 41 Driver Pretensioner Loop Resistance High
D09RW014
Circuit Description:
When the ignition switch is turned “ON”, the SDM will
perform tests to diagnose critical malfunctions within
itself. Upon passing these tests, “Ignition 1”, and
pretensioner loop voltages are measured to ensure they
are within their respective normal voltage ranges.
The SDM then proceeds with the “Resistance
Measurement Test” “Driver Belt Low” terminal “22” is
grounded through a current sink and the driver current
source connected to “Driver Belt High” terminal “21”
allows a known amount of current to flow. By monitoring
the voltage difference between “Driver Belt High” and
“Driver Belt Low”, the SDM calculates the combined
resistance of the driver pretensioner assembly, harness
wiring IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL, and
connector terminal contact.
DTC Will Set When:
The combined resistance of the driver pretensioner
assembly, harness wiring IB13–BLU/RED and
IB14–BLU/YEL, and connector terminal contact is above
a specified value. This test run once each ignition cycle
during the “Resistance Measurement Test” when:
1. No “higher priority faults” are detected during
“Turn–ON”
2. “Ignition 1” voltage is in the specified value.
Action Taken:
SDM turns “ON” the “AIR BAG” warning lamp and sets
DTC 41.
DTC Will Clear When:
The ignition switch is turned “OFF”.
DTC Chart Test Description:
Number(s) below refer to step number(s) on the
diagnostic chart:
2. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
the SDM.
3. This test verifies proper connection of the yellow
2–pin connector at the base of the driver seat.
4. This test checks for proper contact and/or corrosion
of the 2–pin connector terminals at the base of the
driver seat.
5. This test isolate the malfunction to one side of the
pretensioner assembly yellow 2–pin connector
located at the base of the driver seat.
6. This test determines whether the malfunction is due
to high resistance in the wiring.

9J1–55
RESTRAINT CONTROL SYSTEM
DTC 42 Driver Pretensioner Loop Resistance Low
D09RW014
Circuit Description:
When the ignition switch is turned “ON”, the SDM will
perform tests to diagnose critical malfunctions within
itself. Upon passing these tests “Ignition 1”, and
pretensioner loop voltages are measured to ensure they
are within their respective normal voltage ranges.
The SDM then proceeds with the “Resistance
Measurement Test” “Driver Belt Low” terminal “22” is
grounded through a current sink and the driver current
source connected to “Driver Belt High” terminal “21”
allows a known amount of current to flow. By monitoring
the voltage difference between “Driver Belt High” and
“Driver Belt Low” the SDM calculates the combined
resistance of the driver pretensioner assembly, harness
wiring IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL and
connector terminal contact.
DTC Will Set When:
The combined resistance of the driver pretensioner
assembly, harness wiring IB13–BLU/RED and
IB14–BLU/YEL and connector terminal contact is above
a specified value. This test is run once each ignition cycle
during the “Resistance Measurement Test” when:
1. No “higher priority faults” are detected during
“Turn–ON”
2. “Ignition 1” voltage is in the specified value.
Action Taken:
SDM turns “ON” the “AIR BAG” warning lamp and sets
DTC 42.
DTC Will Clear When:
The ignition switch is turned “OFF.”
DTC Chart Test Description:
Number(s) below refer to circled number(s) on the
diagnostic chart:
2. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
the SDM.
3. This test verifies proper connection of the yellow
2–pin connector at the base of the driver seat.
4. This test checks for proper operation of the shorting
clip in the yellow 2–pin connector.
5. This test isolate the malfunction to one side of the
pretensioner assembly yellow 2–pin connector
located at the base of driver seat.
6. This test determines whether the malfunction is due
to shortening in the wiring.
Diagnostic Aids:
An intermittent condition is likely to be caused by a short
between IB13–BLU/RED or IB14–BLU/YEL or a
malfunctioning shorting clip on the driver pretensioner
assembly which would require replacement of the
component. The test for this diagnostic trouble code is

9J1–57
RESTRAINT CONTROL SYSTEM
DTC 44 Driver Pretensioner Loop Open
D09RW014
Circuit Description:
When the ignition switch is turned “ON”, the SDM will
perform tests to diagnose critical malfunctions within
itself. Upon passing these tests, “Ignition 1”, and
pretensioner loop voltages are measured to ensure they
are within their respective normal voltage ranges.
During “Continuous Monitoring” diagnostics, a fixed
amount of current is following in the pretensioner loop.
This produces proportional voltage drops in the loop. By
monitoring the voltage difference between “Driver Belt
High” and “Driver Belt Low”, the SDM calculates the
combined resistance of the driver pretensioner assembly,
harness wiring IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL, and
connector terminal contact.
DTC Will Set When:
The voltage difference between “Driver Belt High”
terminal “21” and “Driver Belt Low” terminal “22” is above
or equal to a specified value for 500 milliseconds during
“Continuous Monitoring”.
Action Taken:
SDM turns “ON” the “AIR BAG” warning lamp and sets a
diagnostic trouble code.
DTC Will Clear When:
The voltage difference between “Driver Belt High”
terminal “21” and “Driver Belt Low” terminal “22” is belowa specified value for 500 milliseconds during “Continuous
Monitoring”.
DTC Chart Test Description:
Number(s) below refer to step number(s) on the
diagnostic chart:
2. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
the SDM.
3. This test verifies proper connection of the yellow
2–pin connector at the base of the driver seat.
4. This test checks for proper contact and/or corrosion
of the yellow 2–pin connector at the base of the
driver seat.
5. This test isolates the malfunction to one side of the
driver pretensioner assembly yellow 2–pin
connector located at the base of driver seat.
6. This test determines whether the open is in the
wiring.
Diagnostic Aids:
An intermittent condition is likely to be caused by a poor
connection at the driver pretensioner assembly harness
2–pin connector terminals “3” and “4” at the top of the
steering column, SDM terminals “21” and “22”, or an open
in IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL.

9J1–59
RESTRAINT CONTROL SYSTEM
DTC 45 Driver Pretensioner Loop Short To Ground
D09RW014
Circuit Description:
When the ignition switch is turned “ON”, the SDM will
perform tests to diagnose critical malfunctions within
itself. Upon passing these tests, “Ignition 1”, and
pretensioner loop voltages are measured to ensure they
are within their respective normal voltage ranges.
The SDM monitors the voltage at “Driver Belt Low”
terminal “22” and “passenger Belt Low” terminal “10” to
detect shorts to ground in the air bag assembly circuits.
DTC Will Set When:
Neither of the air bag and the pretensioner belt are open.
“Ignition 1” is within the normal operating voltage range.
This test is run once each ignition cycle and “Continuous
Monitoring”. Once these conditions are met and the
voltage at “Driver Belt Low” is below a specified value,
DTC 45 will set.
Action Taken:
SDM turns “ON” the “AIR BAG” warning lamp and sets a
diagnostic trouble code.
DTC Will Clear When:
The malfunction is no longer occurring and the ignition is
turned “OFF”.
DTC Chart Test Description:
Number(s) below refer to step number(s) on the
diagnostic chart:
2. This test determines whether the SDM is
malfunctioning
3. This test isolates the malfunction to one side of the
driver pretensioner assembly yellow 2–pin
connector at the base of the driver seat.
4. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
IB13–BLU/RED.
5. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
IB14–BLU/YEL.
Diagnostic Aids:
An intermittent condition is likely to be caused by a short
to ground in the driver pretensioner assembly circuit.
Inspect IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL carefully for
cutting or chafing.

9J1–61
RESTRAINT CONTROL SYSTEM
DTC 46 Driver Pretensioner Loop Short To Voltage
D09RW014
Circuit Description:
When the ignition switch is turned “ON”, the SDM will
perform tests to diagnose critical malfunctions within
itself. Upon passing these tests, “Ignition 1”, and
pretensioner loop voltages are measured to ensure they
are within their respective normal voltage ranges.
The SDM monitors the voltage at “Driver Belt Low”
terminal “22” and “Passenger Belt Low” terminal “10” to
detect shorts to B+ in the pretensioner assembly circuits.
DTC Will Set When:
“Ignition 1” is in the normal operating voltage range. This
test is run once each ignition cycle and “Continuous
monitoring”. Once these conditions are met and the
voltage at “Driver Belt Low” is above a specified value,
DTC 46 will set.
Action Taken:
SDM turns “ON” the “AIR BAG” warning lamp and sets
DTC 46.
DTC Will Clear When:
The malfunction is no longer occurring and the ignition is
turned “OFF”.
DTC Chart Test Description:
Number(s) below refer to step number(s) on the
diagnostic chart:
2. This test determines whether the SDM is
malfunctioning.
3. This test isolates the malfunction to one side of the
driver pretensioner assembly yellow 2–pin
connector at the base of the driver seat.
4. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
IB13–BLU/RED.
5. This test determines whether the malfunction is in
IB14–BLU/YEL.
Diagnostic Aids:
An intermittent condition is likely to be caused by a short
to B+ in the driver pretensioner assembly circuit. Inspect
IB13–BLU/RED and IB14–BLU/YEL carefully for cutting
or chafing. If the wiring pigtail of the driver pretensioner
assembly is damaged, the components must be
replaced. A careful inspection of IB13–BLU/RED and
IB14–BLU/YEL, including the driver pretensioner
assembly is essential to ensure that the replacement
SDM will not be damaged.

1. Perform oil return operation.
2. Discharge and recover the refrigerant and remove
the compressor.
3. Drain the compressor oil and measure the extracted
oil.
4. Check the compressor oil for contamination.
5. Adjust the oil level as required.
6. Evacuate, charge and perform the oil return
operation.
7. Check the system operation.
Contamination of Compressor Oil
Unlike engine oil, no cleaning agent is added to the
compressor oil. Even if the compressor runs for a long
period of time (approximately one season), the oil never
becomes contaminated as long as there is nothing
wrong with the compressor or its method of use.
Inspect the extracted oil for any of the following
conditions:
The capacity of the oil has increased.
The oil has changed to red.
Foreign substances, metal powder, etc., are present
in the oil.
If any of these conditions exists, the compressor
oil is contaminated. Whenever contaminated
compressor oil is discovered, the receiver/drier
must be replaced.
Oil Return Operation
There is close affinity between the oil and the
refrigerant. During normal operation, part of the oil
recirculates with the refrigerant in the system. When
checking the amount of oil in the system, or replacing
any component of the system, the compressor must be
run in advance for oil return operation. The procedure
is as follows:
1. Open all the doors and the engine hood.
2. Start the engine and air conditioning switch to "ON"
and set the fan control knob at its highest position.
3. Run the compressor for more than 20 minutes
between 800 and 1,000 rpm in order to operate the
system.
4. Stop the engine.
Replacement of Component Parts
When replacing the system component parts, supply
the following amount of oil to the component parts to be
installed.
Compressor Leak Testing (External and
Internal)
Bench-Check Procedure
1. Install test plate J-39893 on rear head of compressor.
2. Using Refrigerant Recovery System, attach center
hose of manifold gage set on charging station to a
refrigerant drum standing in an upright drum.
3. Connect charging station high and low pressure
lines to corresponding fittings on test plate J-39893.
Suction port (low-side) of compressor has large
internal opening. Discharge port (high-side) has
smaller internal opening into compressor and
deeper recess.
4. Open low pressure control, high pressure control
and refrigerant control on charging station to allow
refrigerant vapor to flow into compressor.
5. Using a leak detector, check for leaks at pressure
relief valve, rear head switch location, compressor
front and rear head seals, center cylinder seal,
through bolt head gaskets and compressor shaft
seal. After checking, shut off low pressure control
and high-pressure control on charging station.
6. If an external leak is present, perform the necessary
corrective measures and recheck for leaks to make
certain the leak has been connected.
7. Recover the refrigerant.
8. Disconnect both hoses from the test plate J-39893.
9. Add 90 ml (3 oz.) new PAG lubricant to the
compressor assembly. Rotate the complete
compressor assembly (not the crankshaft or drive
plate hub) slowly several turns to distribute oil to all
cylinder and piston areas.
10. Install a M9
1.25 threaded nut on the compressor
crankshaft if the drive plate and clutch assembly are
not installed.
11. Using a box-end wrench or socket and handle,
rotate the compressor crankshaft or clutch drive
plate on the crankshaft several turns to insure
piston assembly to cylinder wall lubrication.
12. Using Refrigerant Recovery System, connect the
charging station high-pressure line to the test plate
J-39893 high-side connector.
13. Using Refrigerant Recovery System, connect the
charging station low-pressure line to the low
pressure port of the test plate J-39893. Oil will drain
out of the compressor suction port if the compressor
is positioned with the suction port downward. (Component parts to be (Amount of Oil)
installed)
Evaporator 50 cc (1.7 fl. oz.)
Condenser 30 cc (1.0 fl. oz.)
Receiver/dryer 30 cc (1.0 fl. oz.)
Refrigerant line (one 10 cc (0.3 fl. oz.)
piece)
(Amount of oil drained (Charging amount of oil
from used compressor) to new compressor)
more than 90 cc same as drained amount
(3.0 fl.oz)
less than 90 cc (3.0 fl.oz) 90 cc (3.0 fl.oz)

DIFFERENTIAL (REAR 220mm)
4A2A–33
3. After measuring dimensions of each of the above
sections, proceed with the adjustment in the following
manner:
Adjust the clearance to satisfy the equation below.
{(F – B) + G – H}=0.05 – 0.20 mm
Also, select the thrust washers so that the
dimensional difference between the back surfaces of
the left and right pressure rings to the thrust washers
is 0.05mm or less.
Thickness : 1.5mm (0.059 in)
1.6 mm(0.063 in)
1.7 mm(0.067 in)
NOTE: When assembling the parts, apply recommended
gear oil sufficiently to each of the parts, especially, to the
contact surfaces and sliding surfaces.
1. Install Differential cage B.
2. Install Thrust washer.
3. Install Spring disc.
When assembling the spring disc, make sure the
mounting direction is correct as shown in figure.
425RY004
Legend
(1) Friction Plate
(2) Spring Disc
(3) Friction Disc
4. Install Friction disc.
5. Install Friction plate.6. Install Friction plate.
7. Install Friction disc.
8. Install Friction plate.
9. Install Friction disc.
10. Install Friction plate.
11. Install Pressure ring.
12. Install Side gear.
13. Install Pinion and pinion shaft.
14. Install Side gear.
15. Install Pressure ring.
16. Install Friction plate.
17. Install Friction disc.
18. Install Friction plate.
19. Install Friction disc.
20. Install Friction plate.
21. Install Friction plate.
22. Install Friction plate.
23. Install Spring disc.
When assembling the spring disc, make sure the
mounting direction is correct.
24. Install Spring disc.
25. Install Thrust washer.
26. Install Differential cage A.
27. Install Screw.
Matching the guide marks of the differential cages A
and B, tighten the screws evenly in the diagonal
order.
425RS055

DIFFERENTIAL (REAR 244mm)
4A2B–33
3. After measuring dimensions of each of the above
sections, proceed with the adjustment in the following
manner:
Adjust the clearance to satisfy the equation below.
{(F – B) + G – H}=0.05 – 0.20 mm
Also, select the thrust washers so that the
dimensional difference between the back surfaces of
the left and right pressure rings to the thrust washers
is 0.05mm or less.
Thickness : 1.5mm (0.059 in)
1.6 mm(0.063 in)
1.7 mm(0.067 in)
NOTE: When assembling the parts, apply recommended
gear oil sufficiently to each of the parts, especially, to the
contact surfaces and sliding surfaces.
1. Install Differential cage B.
2. Install Thrust washer.
3. Install Spring disc.
When assembling the spring disc, make sure the
mounting direction is correct as shown in figure.
425RY004
Legend
(1) Friction Plate
(2) Spring Disc
(3) Friction Disc
4. Install Friction disc.
5. Install Friction plate.6. Install Friction plate.
7. Install Friction disc.
8. Install Friction plate.
9. Install Friction disc.
10. Install Friction plate.
11. Install Pressure ring.
12. Install Side gear.
13. Install Pinion and pinion shaft.
14. Install Side gear.
15. Install Pressure ring.
16. Install Friction plate.
17. Install Friction disc.
18. Install Friction plate.
19. Install Friction disc.
20. Install Friction plate.
21. Install Friction plate.
22. Install Friction plate.
23. Install Spring disc.
When assembling the spring disc, make sure the
mounting direction is correct.
24. Install Spring disc.
25. Install Thrust washer.
26. Install Differential cage A.
27. Install Screw.
Matching the guide marks of the differential cages A
and B, tighten the screws evenly in the diagonal
order.
425RS055

4B2–3 DRIVE LINE CONTROL SYSTEM (TOD)
condition, determines the optimum torque based on the
feedback control logic, and increases the torque to the
front wheels.
The control unit uses the signal from the throttle position
sensor to predict the future vehicle condition and the
intention of the driver with respect to acceleration and
deceleration, and determines the initial torque distribution
using these data and the information from the speed
sensors.
In case of small circle turning in the parking lot, for
example, the control unit minimizes the clutch pressing
force to restrict a braking phenomenon. When the ABS
becomes active, the control unit optimizes the clutch
pressing force to ensure stable braking.
TOD Indicator Control
The TOD indicator on the instrument panel informs the
driver of the current working status of the transfer unit.
The information consists of two items: the drive mode
(2H, TOD, 4L, transition) and the torque split status of the
TOD (torque distribution level). The indicator can display
occasional errors and corresponding error codes.

DRIVE LINE CONTROL SYSTEM (TOD) 4B2–6
High-Low Planetary Gear Set
Establishes an auxiliary transmission mechanism. When
the transfer shift lever is set to the 2H or TOD position, the
reduction gear ratio is 1.000 and the corresponding
driving force is generated. When the transfer shift lever is
set to the 4L position, the reduction gear ratio is 2.480 and
the corresponding driving force is generated.
262RW030
4H and 4L Switch
Detects the shift position of the transfer from the
movement of the transfer lever and outputs signals to the
TOD control unit.
261RW002
Transfer Connector
Transmits the input and output signals of the speed
sensors, electromagnetic coil, and 4H and 4L switche to
the vehicle harness. A waterproof 12-pin type is used.
261RW046
TOD Indicator Lamps (on the instrument
panel)
Inform the following items.
Bulb check
Drive mode
ABS IN status
BRAKE ON status
821RW049