brake AUDI S4 2014 User Guide

66 Seat s a nd s tor ag e
Addit ional storage
There are a variety of storage compa rtments
and fasteners in var ious places in the vehicle.
- In the roof headliner above the rearview
mirror .
- On the back of the front seat . The com pa rt­
ment can hold a maximum weight of 1 kg.
- On the left and right of the luggage com­
partment, behind the s ide trim.
- Garment hooks on the pillars in the rear of
the vehicle .
A WARNING
-When driving, do not leave any hard ob­
jects on the rear wi ndow shelf or allow
your pet to s it on the shelf. They could
become a hazard for ve hicle occ upan ts in
the event of sudden braking or a crash.
- Always remove objects from the instru­
ment pane l. Any items no t stored could
slide around inside the vehicle while driv­
ing or when accelerating or when apply­
ing the brakes or when driving around a
corner.
- When you are driving make sure that
anything you may have placed in the cen­
ter console or other storage locations cannot fall out into the footwells. In case
of sudden braking you would not be able
to brake or accelerate .
- Any articles of cloth ing that you have
hung up must not interfere with the driv­
er's v iew. The coat hooks are designed
only for lightweight clothing. Never hang
any clothing wit h hard, po inted or heavy
objects in the pockets on the coat hooks .
During sudden braking or in an accident -
especially if the airbag is deployed -
these objects could injure any passen­
gers inside the vehicle .
- To reduce the risk of persona l injury in an
acc ident or sudden stop, always keep the
glove compartment closed while dr iving.
- Read and fo llow all WARNINGS
i=> page 163, Important safety instruc­
tions on the side airbag system.
- Hang clothes in such a way that they do
not impa ir the driver's vision.
- The coat hooks must on ly be used for
lightweight clothing. Do not leave any
heavy or sharp edged objects in the pock­
ets which may interfere with the s ide cur­
tain airbag deployment and can cause pe rsonal injury in a crash.
- Do not use coat hangers for hanging
cloth ing o n the coat hooks as t his can in­
terfere with proper deployment of the
side curta in a irbags in an a ccident.
- Do not hang heavy objects on the coat
hooks , as they could cause personal in­
jury in a sudden stop.
- Always keep the compa rtment above the
rea rv iew mirror closed while d riving to
re duc e the risk of i nju ry in the event of
sudden b raking m aneuvers or a collision.
(£} Note
Objects located on the rear shelf that rub
against the rea r window could damage the
hea ting wi res for the rear window defog"
ger.
(D Tips
-A vent slot is located between the shelf
and the rear w indow. Do not bloc k the
vent wi th any items you may place o n the
rear window she lf.
- Do not place b ulky items on the rear win­
dow shelf as they co uld restrict or block
the drive r's vision in the rear view mirror.

~ Automatic transmission: Step on the brake
peda l and move the se lector lever to the P
or N position .
~ Press the key c::> fig. 94 -the eng ine will
start.
Sw itching the i gnition on /off
If you wou ld like to switch the ignition on
without sta rting the engine, follow t hese
steps :
~ Insert the key into the ignition lock .
~ Press the key briefly without pressing the
clutch peda l (for manual transmissions) or
the brake peda l (for automatic transmis­
s ions) .
~ To switch the ignition off, press the key
again .
When starting the engine, major e lectr ica l
loads are switched off temporarily .
You can on ly remove the key with the ignition
switched off.
If the engine sho uld not sta rt immedia tely,
the starting process is automatically stopped
after a short time. Repeat starting proced ure .
A WARNING
-Never allow the engine to run in confined
spaces -danger of asphyxiation.
- Never remove the ign ition key from the
ignition look while the vehicle is moving.
Otherw ise, the steering lock could sud­
denly engage and you would not be able
to steer the vehicle.
- Always take the key with you whenever
you leave your vehicle . Otherwise, the
engine could be started or e lectr ical
equipment such as the power w indows
cou ld be operated. This ca n lead to seri­
o us inj ury.
- Never leave ch ild ren or persons requiring
assistance unattended in the veh icle. The
doors can be loc ked using the remote
transmitter, preventing people from es­ caping from the vehicle on their own in
the event of an emergency. Depend ing
on the time of year, people inside the ve-
On th e ro ad 81
hicle can be exposed to very high or very
low temperatures.
(D Note
Avoid high eng ine rpm, fu ll throttle and
heavy engine loads unti l the engine has
reached operating tempe rat ure -other­
wise you r isk eng ine damage.
@ For the sake of the environment
Do not let the engine run while parked to
warm up. Begin dr iv ing immediately. This
reduces unnecessary emissions.
@ Tips
- If the key cannot be removed from the
ignition lock, you have to pull the me­
chanical key out of the master key in or­
der to be able to lock the vehi-
cle <=:>
page 35.
-After starting a cold engine, there may
be a brief period of increased no ise be­
cause the oil pressure must first bu ild up
in the hydraulic valve adjusters. This is
normal and not a cause for concern.
- If you leave the veh icle with the ignition
switched on, the ign it ion w ill switch off
afte r a certa in per iod of t ime . Please
note that ele ctrical equ ipment such as
exterior ligh ts w ill sw itch off as well
when that happens .

82 On the road
Starting the vehicle with the emergency
key
Applies to vehicles: with ig ni tion lock
You can use the emergency key as an ignition
key in on emergency.
Fig. 95 G love compar tment: Adapter for emergency
key
Fig. 96 Insert emergency key into the adapter
.. Take the adapter for the emergency key out
of the glove compartment
c!> fig. 95 .
.. Push the emergency key c::> fig. 96 fully into
the adapter . Make sure that the Audi rings
are facing up.
.. Press the emergency key in the adapter
down until it latches audibly.
.. Insert the adapter with the emergency key
forward into the ignition switch. The engine
can now be started as usual.
Stopping the engine
App lies to vehicles: with ig n ition lock
.. Bring the vehicle to a full stop .
.. Automatic transmission: Move the selector
lever to the P or N position .
.. Press on the ignition key. The engine is
turned off.
.. You can now remove the key.
Steering lock
The steering locks when you remove the igni­
tion key. The locked steering helps prevent
ve­
hicle theft.
Emergency off
If it is necessary in unusual circumstances, the
engine can be switched off while the vehicle is
moving. The engine will be switched off if you
press on the key for an extended period.
A WARNING ~
- Never turn off the engine before the ve­
hicle has come to a complete stop. The
full function of the brake booster and the
power steering is not guaranteed. You
must use more force to turn or brake if
necessary. Because you cannot steer and
brake as you usually would, this could
lead to crashes and serious injuries.
- For safety reasons, you should always
park your vehicle with the selector lever
in P. Otherwise, the vehicle could inad­
vertently roll away.
- The radiator fan can continue to run for
up to 10 minutes
even after you have
turned off the engine and removed the
ignition key. The radiator fan can also
turn on again if the engine coolant heats
up because of intense sunlight or heat
build-up in the engine compartment.
- Always take the key with you whenever
you leave your vehicle. Otherwise, the
engine could be started or electrical
equipment such as the power windows
could be operated. This can lead to seri­
ous injury.
- Never leave children or persons requiring
assistance unattended in the vehicle . The
doors can be locked using the remote
transmitter, preventing people from es­
caping from the vehicle on their own in
the event of an emergency. Depending
on the time of year, people inside the
ve­
hicle can be exposed to very high or very
low temperatures .

CD Note
If the engine has been under heavy load
for an extended period, heat builds up in
the engine compartment after the engine
is switched off- there is a risk of damaging
the engine . Allow the engine to run at idle
for about two minutes before switching it
off.
Convenience key
Starting the engine
Applies to vehicles: with convenience key
The I STAR T ENGINE ST OPI button switches
the ignition on and starts the engine.
Fig. 97 Center console : S TART ENGINE STOP b utto n
Starting the engine
.. Manual transmission : Fully depress the
clutch pedal and
move the shift lever to the
neutral position .
.. Automatic transmission: Step on the brake
pedal and
move the selector lever to P or N
~ .&, .
.. Press on the I STAR T ENGINE ST OP I button
~fig . 97-the engine will sta rt.
Switching the ignition on/off
If you would like to switch the ignition on
without starting the engine, follow these
steps :
.. Press the
I START ENGINE STOPI button
without pressing the clutch pedal (for man ­
ual transmissions) or the brake pedal (for
automatic transmissions) .
.. To switch the ignition off, press the button
again.
On the road 83
If the engine should not start immediately,
the starting process is automatically stopped
after a short time. Repeat starting procedure .
When starting the engine , major electrical
loads are switched off temporari ly.
After a cold engine is started, there may be a
brief period of inc reased noise because oil
pressure must first build up in the hydraulic
valve adjusters. This is normal and not a cause
for concern.
A WARNING
- Never allow the engine to run in confined
spaces - danger of asphyxiation.
- Never turn off the engine until the vehi­
cle has come to a complete stop.
- Always take the key with you whenever
you leave your vehicle. Otherwise, the
engine could be started or electrical
equipment such as the power windows
could be operated . This can lead to seri­
ous injury .
- Never leave children or persons requiring
assistance unattended in the vehicle. The
doors can be locked using the remote
transmitter, preventing people from es­
caping from the vehicle on their own in
the event of an emergency. Depending
on the time of year, peop le inside the ve­
hicle can be exposed to very high or very
low temperatures .
CD Note
-Avo id high engine rpm, full throttle and
heavy engine loads until the engine has
reached operating temperature - other­
wise you risk engine damage.
@ For the sake of the environment
Do not let the engine run while parked to
warm up. Begin driving immediately. This
reduces unnecessary emissions.
(D Tips
-After starting a cold engine, there may
be a brief period of increased noise be-
cause the oil pressure must first bui ld up
II-

84 On th e road
in the hy dra ulic valve adjusters. This is
norma l and not a cause for concern.
- If you leave the vehicle with the ignition
switched on, the ignition will switch
off
after a certain period of time . Please
note that e lectrica l equipment such as
exter ior lights w ill switch
off as well
when that happens.
Switching engine off
Applies to vehicles: with conven ience key
" Bring your vehicle to a complete stop.
"Automatic transmiss ion: Move the selector
lever to the P or N pos it ion.
" Press the
!START ENGINE STOPI button
r::!;page83, fig. 97.
Steering lock
The stee ring locks when you turn the engine
off us ing the I STAR T ENGINE STOP I button
and open the dr iver's door. The locked stee r­
i ng helps preven t vehicle theft.
Emergency off
If necessary, the eng ine ca n be sw itched off
with the selector leve r in the R or D/S pos i­
tions. To do so, step on the brake pedal and
p ress and hold the
I START ENGINE STOP I but­
ton vehicle speed must be less than 6 mph (10 km/h).
_& WARNING
- Never turn off the eng ine before the ve­
hicle has come to a complete stop . The
full function of the brake booster and the
power steering is not guaranteed. You
must use more force to turn or brake if
necessary . Because you cannot steer and
brake as you usua lly would, this could
lead to crashes and se rious injur ies.
- For safety reasons, you s hould always
par k your vehicle with the se lector lever
in P. Ot herwise, the ve hicle co uld inad­
vertent ly roll away.
- T he radiator fan ca n continue to ru n for
up to 10 mi nutes even after yo u have
tu rne d
off the eng ine and remove d the ignition key. The radiator fan can a
lso
turn on again if the engine coo lant heats
up because of intense sunlight or heat
bu ild-up in the engine compartment.
- Always take the key w ith you whenever
you leave your ve hicle. Otherw ise, the
eng ine could be sta rted or electrical
equ ipme nt such as the power windows
could be ope rated. This can lead to seri­
ous injury.
(D Note
If the engine has bee n under heavy load
for an extended pe riod, heat bu ilds up in
the engine compartment after the engine
i s sw itched
off -there i s a r is k of damag ing
the engine. A llow the eng ine to run at id le
for about two minutes before switching it
off.
Driver messages
Ignition i s on
This message appears and a warning tone
sounds if you open the d river's door when the
ignition is sw itched on.
No key id entified
This message appears when the
I S TART ENGINE STOPI button is pressed if
there is no master key ins ide the veh icle or if
the system does not recognize it . Fo r exam­
ple, the master key cannot be recognized if it
is covered by an object (e.g. al uminum b rief
case) which
screens the radio s ignal. Elec tron­
ic dev ices such as cell phones can also inter­
fere with the radio s ignal.
Pres s brak e pedal to start engine
This message appears if you do not press the
brake pedal to start the eng ine in a veh icle
with an automat ic transm iss ion.
Press clutch pedal to sta rt engine
T his message appears if yo u do not press the
clutch pedal to start the engine in a vehicle
with a manual transmission. .,.

Shift to N or P to start engine
This message appea rs whe n attempti ng to
sta rt the engine if the se le ctor lever for the
a u tomatic t ransmission is not in the P or N
p osition. The engine can on ly be sta rted w ith
the selector in these posit ions .
Is the key in the vehicle?
This m essage appears if the maste r key is re­
moved from t he vehi cle w ith the eng ine run­
ni ng.
If the mas ter key is no longe r in the ve ­
hicl e, yo u ca n not swi tch on the igni tion a fter
s t opping the eng ine a nd you also canno t st art
the eng ine again. Mo reover, yo u cannot lock
the vehicle from the outside with the key .
Shift to P otherwise vehicle can roll away.
Doors do not lo ck if lever is not in P.
This m essage appea rs for saf ety reaso ns
along w it h a wa rning signa l.
It appears if t he
s e lec to r l ever for the aut omat ic tra n sm iss io n
i s no t in the P po sition when switch ing off t he
ignit ion . Move the se lector lever to the P pos i­
tion, othe rwise the veh icle is not sec ured
aga inst rolling away. You a lso cannot lock the
ve hicle using the locking button * on the door
h andle or using the remote key.
Convenience key defective! Use ignition lock
Thi s m essa ge appe ars if the eng ine mu st be
s ta rted or s to p ped using the ig nition key and
no t th e
I S TART ENGINE STOP! button.
On the road 85
Electromechanical
parking brake
Operation
The ele ctromechani cal parking brake replaces
the hand br ake.
Fi g. 98 Ce nter console: Park ing b rake
.,. Pull on the switch@¢ fig. 98 to apply the
parking brake. The ind icator lig ht in the
sw itch illuminates.
.,. Step o n the brake pedal or the accelerator
pedal and press the switch at the same t ime
t o re lease the par king brake. The indicator
light in the sw itch goes out.
Your vehicle is equipped with an e lectrome ­
c hanical p arking bra ke. The pa rking bra ke is
d esigned to p revent the ve hicle from rolling
u nin ten tionally and repla ces the hand b ra ke.
In add ition to the normal fu nctions of a tradi ­
t ional ha nd b rake, the electromechanical
par king b rake provides vario us conv enience
and sa fe ty f unct ion s.
When starting from rest
- The integral start ing ass ist helps you when
dr iving by automat ica lly releasi ng the par k­
ing b ra ke ¢
pag e 86, Starting from rest .
-When start ing on inclines, the starting as ­
sis t preven ts the veh icle from unintentiona l­
ly ro lling back . The braking force of the
pa rk ing brake is no t released u ntil su ffici ent
driving for ce h as been bui lt up at the
w heel s. ..,.

86 On the road
Emerge ncy b rake function
An emergency brake ensures t hat the vehicle
can be slowed down even if the normal brakes
fail
c::> page 87, Emergency broking.
Indicat or light s
-If the par king b rake is closed w ith the igni­
t ion
s witc hed on the . (USA mode ls) /
• (Canada models) indica tor lights come
on in the instrument cluster and the switch .
-If the parking brake is closed w ith the igni ­
tion
s witc hed off the . (USA mode ls) /
• (Canada models) indicator lights come
on in the instrument cluster and the switch
for about 20 seconds .
A WARNING
If a gear or a drive range (automat ic trans­
m ission) is engaged with the vehicle sta­
tionary and the engine runn ing, you must
in no instance accelerate o r release the
cl utch * careless ly. Otherw ise the vehicle
w ill sta rt to move immediately- r isk of an
accident .
@ Note
If the . symbol in the display or the.
(USA models) . (Canada models) indica­
tor light i n the instrument cluster flashes,
t here is a mal function i n the brake system.
By pressing the
ISETI button, you can bring
up a driver message which explains the malfunct ion in more detai l. If the driver
message
Parking b rake! appears, there is
an operating malfunction in the park ing
brake wh ich you shou ld have repa ired im­
mediately by an author ized Audi dealer or
qualified workshop c::>poge 15.
(D Tips
-You can apply the parking brake at any
time -even w ith the ignition switched
off . The ignit ion must be turned on and
the b rake peda l must be pressed in o rder
to release the pa rking brake . - Occasional noises when the parking
brake is applied and released are normal
and are not a cause for concern.
- When the vehicle is parked, the parking
brake goes through a self-test cycle at
regu lar interva ls. Any associated noises
are normal.
Parking
.. Press the brake pedal to stop the veh icle .
.. Pull the sw itch @
c::> page 85, fig . 98 to set
the parking brake .
.,. Automatic transmission: Move the selecto r
lever to P.
.. Turn the engine off
c::> ,&. .
.. Manual transmission: Shift into 1st gear.
.. When on inclines o r declines, turn the steer ­
ing wheel so that the vehicle will roll into
the curb if it begins to move.
A WARNING ...__
- When you leave your vehicle -even if on­
ly br iefly -always remove the ignition
key . Th is app lies pa rticularly whe n chi l­
d ren remai n in the vehicle. Otherwise the
children could st art the eng ine , release
the par king brake or operate electrical
equ ipment (e.g. power windows). The re
is the risk of an accident.
- When the veh icle is locked, no one -par ­
ticularly not children should remain in
the vehicle. Locked doors make it more
d ifficult for emergency workers to get in­
to the vehicle -putting lives at risk.
Starting from rest
The starting assist function ensures that the
parking broke is released automatically upon
starting.
Stopping and applying par king brake
.. Pull the switch @¢ page 85, fig. 98 to ap-
ply the parking brake .
Ill>

Starting and autom ati call y relea sing the
pa rking b rake
~ When you start to drive as usua l, the park ­
ing brake is automatically re leased and your
vehicle begins to move.
When stopping at a traffic signa l or stopp ing
in city traffic on vehicles with an automatic
transmission, the parking brake can be ap­
plied. The vehicle does not have to be held
w ith the footbrake . The park ing brake elimi­
nates the tendency to creep with a drive range
engaged. As soon as you dr ive off as usual,
the park ing brake is released automatically
and the vehicle sta rts to move .
Starting on slop es
When starting on inclines, the start ing ass ist
prevents the vehicle from unintentionally roll­
ing back. The braking force of the parking
brake is not released until sufficient dr iving
force has been b uilt up at the whee ls.
(D Tips
For safety reasons, the park ing brake is re­
leased automatically only when the dr iv­
er 's safety belt is engaged in the buc kle.
Starting off with a trailer
To prevent rolling back unintentionally on an
incline, do the following:
~ Keep the switch@c::> page 85, fig . 98 pulled
and depress the accelerator. The park ing
brake stays applied and prevents the vehicle
from roll ing backward.
~ You can release the switch @once you are
sure that yo u are developing enough driving
force at the wheels by depressing the accel­
erator.
D epending on the weight of the rig (vehicle
and trai ler) and the severity of the incline , you
may roll backwards as you start. Yo u can pre­
vent roll ing backwards by holding the parking
brake switch @pulled out and accelerating -
just as you would when starting on a hill wit h
a conventional hand brake .
On the ro ad 87
Emergency braking
In the event that the conventional brake sys­
tem fails or locks .
~ In an emergency, pull the switch @
c::>
page 85, fig. 98 and continue to pull it to
slow your vehicle down with the parking
brake .
~ As soon as you re lease the switch @or ac-
celerate, the b rak ing process s tops.
If you pull the switch @and hold it above a
speed of about 5 mph (8 km/h), the eme rgen­
cy bra king funct ion is initia ted . T he veh icle is
braked at all four whee ls by activating the hy­
draulic brake system. The brake performance
is similar to making an emergency stop c::>
&..
In order not to act ivate the eme rgency brak­
ing by mis take, an audib le warning tone (buz ­
zer) so unds when the switch @is pulled. As
soon as the switch @ is re leased, or the acce l­
erato r pedal is depressed, emergency braking
stops.
A WARNING
...--
Emergency braking should only be used in
an emergency, when the normal foot brake
has fa iled or the brake pedal is obstructed .
Using the parking b rake to pe rform emer­
gency brak ing will slow your vehicle down
as if you had made a full bra ke application .
The laws of physics cannot be suspended
even with ESC and its associated compo ­
nents (ABS, ASR, EDS) . In corners and
when road or weather conditions are bad,
a full brake application can ca use the vehi­
cle to sk id or the rear end to break away -
risking an accident.
Speed warning system
Overview
The speed warning system helps you to keep
your driving speed below a set speed limit.
The speed warn ing system warns if the driver
exceeds a p reviously stored max imum speed .
A warn ing tone w ill sound as soon as the
Ill>

.. Se lect: ICAR I function button> Car sys tem s*
control button > Driv er ass is t > Spe ed
warning .
Warning threshold 2 can be set in the speed
range starting from
20 mph to 150 mph (30
km/h to 240 km/h). Settings can each be ad­
justed in intervals of
6 mph (10 km/h).
Cruise control
Switching on
The cruise control system makes it possible to
drive at a constant speed starting at 20 mph
(30 km/h).
®
f
®t
0
Fig . 100 Contro l lev er wi th push -bu tton
Fi g. 101 Dis p lay : Se lect ed spee d
.. Pull the lever to position (!)¢ fig. 100 to
switch the system on.
.. Drive at the speed to be controlled.
.. Press button @to set that speed.
The stored speed and the green symbol
II (US model)/ &I (Canadian mode l) are
shown in the display
r::;, fig. 101. The display
may vary, depending on the type of display in
your veh icle.
On th e road 89
The speed is kept constant by modifying en­
gine power or through an active brake inter­
vention.
_& WARNING
-Always pay attention to the traffic
around you when the cruise control is in
operation. You are always responsible for
your speed and the distance between
your veh icle and other vehicles .
- For reasons of safety, cru ise control
should not be used in the city, in stop­
a nd-go traffic, on twisting roads and
when road cond itions are poor (such as
ice, fog , gravel, heavy rain and hydro­
p lan ing) -risk of accident .
- Turn
off the cruise control temporar ily
when enter ing turn la nes, highway exit
lanes or in construction zones .
- Please no te that inadverten tly "resting"
your foot on the accelerator pedal causes
the cruise contro l not to brake. This is
because the cruise control is overridden
by the driver's acceleration.
- If a brake system malfunction such as
overheating occurs when the cruise con­
trol system is switched on, the braking
function in the system may be switched
off. The other cruise contro l functions re­
main active as long as the indicator l igh t
II (US models) 1&1 (Canadia n models)
1s on.
@ Tips
- Veh icles with ma nual transmiss ion: You
can attain the set speed only if the gear
that is currently engaged will a llow it, or
if it does not tax the engine a nd allows i t
t o r un smoothly. Therefore shift in to a
higher or lower gear in a time ly manner.
- The bra ke ligh ts ill umina te as soon as
the brakes app ly au tomatically.
Changing speed
.. To increase/decrease the speed in incre ­
ments, tap the lever in the
0 10 direction
r::;, page 89, fig. 100. Ill>

90 On the road
• To increase/decrease the speed quickly, hold
the lever in the
0 10 direction unti l the de­
s ired speed is displayed.
You can a lso press the accelerator pedal down
to increase your speed, e .g. if you want to
pass someone . The speed yo u saved earlier
will resume as soon as you let off of the accel­
erator pedal.
If, however, you exceed your saved speed by
6 mph (10 km/h) for longer than 5 minutes,
the cruise contro l will be turned off tempora­
rily. The green symbol in the display turns
white. The saved speed remains the same .
Presetting your speed
You con preset your desired speed while the
vehicle is not moving.
• Switch on the ignition.
• Pull lever into pos ition
CD c:> page 89,
fig. 100.
• Press the lever in the 0 or O direction to
incr ease or decrease you r speed.
• Release the lever to save that speed .
This funct ion makes it possible, for example,
to save the speed you want before driving on
the highway . Once o n the hig hway, activate
the cruise contro l by pulling the lever towa rd
(D .
Switching off
Temporary deactivation
• Press the b ra ke peda l, or
• Manual transmission: Keep the clutch peda l
pressed down
longer, or
• Press the lever into position @ (not clicked
into place)~
page 89, fig . 100, or
• Drive for longer than 5 minutes at more
than 6 mph (10 km/h) above the stored speed.
Switching off compl etely
• Press lever into position @(clicked into
place), or
• Switch the ign ition off. The speed you saved will be retained if the
cruise control has been switched off tempora­
rily. To resume the saved speed, let up on the
brake or clutch pedal and pu ll the lever to po­
s ition (!).
Switching the ignition off erases the saved
speed.
_& WARNING
You shou ld only return to the saved speed
if it is not too fast for the current traffic
conditions -risk of an accident!