wheel ISUZU TROOPER 1995 User Guide

FLUID LEVEL CHECK
A fluid loss in any system (except windshield
washer) may indicate a problem. Repair the system
at once.
Engine
oil level -Check level and add if
necessary. The best time to check the engine oil
level is
when the oil is warm. After stopping the
engine with the vehicle on a level surface, wait a
few minutes for the oil to drain back to the oil pan.
Pull
out the oil level indicator (dipstick). Wipe it
clean and push the oil level indicator back down all
the
way. Pull out the oil level indicator, keeping the
tip down, and look at the oil level on it.
Add oil, if needed, to keep the oil level above
the
"ADD" mark and between the "ADD" and
"FULL" marks in the operating range area. Avoid
overfilling the engine since this may cause engine
damage. Push
the oil level indicator back down all
the
way after taking the reading.
If you check the oil level when the oil is cold, do
not run the engine first. The cold oil will not drain
back
to the pan fast enough to give a true oil level.
Engine coolant level and condition -Check
engine coolant level in the coolant reservoir and
add engine
coolant if necessary. Inspect the engine
coolant and replace it if dirty or rusty.
Windshield washer fluid level -Check washer
fluid level in reservoir and add if necessary.
Power steering system reservoir level-Check
and keep at
proper level.
Brake master cylinder reservoir level -Check
fluid. Keep fluid at proper level. A low fluid level
can indicate
worn disc brake pads which may need
to be serviced.
Hydraulic clutch system -Check fluid l~vel in
the reservoir.
Add fluid as required.
Battery fluid level -Check fluid level in the
battery.
FLUID LEAK CHECK
Check for fuel, water, oil or other fluid leaks by
looking at the surface beneath the vehicle after it
has been parked for a while. Water dripping from
the air conditioning system after use is normal. If
you notice gasoline fumes or fluid at any time,
locate the source and correct it at once.
ENGINE OIL AND OIL FILTER
REPLACEMENT
Always use API SE, SF, SG, SH or ILSAC GF-1
quality oils of the proper viscosity.
When choosing an oil, consider the range of
temperatures the car will be operated in before the
next oil change. Then, select the recommended oil
viscosity
from the chart (Fig. OB-1).
Always change the oil and the oil filter as soon as
possible after driving in a dust storm.
MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION OB-5
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM INSPECTION
Inspect coolant/anti-freeze. If coolant is dirty or
rusty, drain, flush and refill with new coolant. Keep
coolant at the proper mixture for proper freeze
protection,
corrosion inhibitor level and best engine
operating temperature.
Inspect hoses and replace if
cracked, swollen or deteriorated. Tighten hose
clamps if equipped with screw-type clamps. Clean
outside of radiator and air conditioning condenser.
Wash
filler cap and neck. To help ensure proper
operation, a pressure test of both the cooling
system and cap is also recommended.
EXHAUST SYSTEM INSPECTION
Visually inspect the exhaust pipes, muffler, heat
shields and hangers
for cracks, deterioration, or
damage.
Be alert to any changes in the sound of the exhaust
system
or any smell of fumes. These are signs the
system may be leaking or overheating. Repair the
system at once,
if these conditions exist. (See also
"Engine Exhaust Gas Safety" and "Three Way
Catalytic Converter" in Owner's manual.)
FUEL CAP, FUEL LINES, AND FUEL TANK
INSPECTION
Inspect the fuel tank, the fuel cap and the fuel lines
every
60,000 miles (96,000 km) for damage which
could cause leakage.
Inspect the fuel cap and the gasket for correct sealing
and physical damage. Replace any damaged parts.
DRIVE BELT INSPECTION
Check the belts driving the steering oil pump, the air
conditioning compressor, and the generator
for
cracks, fraying, wear, and correct tension every 30,000
miles (48,000 km). Adjust or replace as necessary.
WHEEL ALIGNMENT, BALANCE AND
TIRES OPERATION
Uneven or abnormal tire wear, or a pull right or left
on a straight and level road may show the need for
a wheel alignment. A vibration of the steering
wheel or seat at normal highway speeds means a
wheel balancing is needed. Check tire pressure
when the tires are "cold" (include the spare).
Maintain pressure as shown in the tire placard,
which is located on the driver's door lock pillar.
STEERING SYSTEM OPERATION
Be alert for any changes in steering action. An
inspection
or service is needed when the steering
wheel is harder
to turn or has too much free play, or
if there are unusual sounds when turning or parking.

OB-6 MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
BRAKE SYSTEMS OPERATION
Watch for the "BRAKE" light coming on. Other
signs of possible brake trouble are such things as
repeated pulling to one side when braking, unusual
sounds
when braking or between brake
applications,
or increased brake pedal travel. If you
note one of these conditions, repair the system at
once.
For convenience, the
following should be done
when wheels are removed for rotation: Inspect lines
and hoses
for proper hookup, bindings, leaks, crack,
chafing etc.
Inspect disc brake pads for wear and
rotors
for surface condition.
Inspect other brake parts, including parking brake
drums, linings etc., at the same time. Check parking
brake adjustment.
Inspect brakes more often if habit or
conditions
result in frequent braking.
PARKING BRAKE AND TRANSMISSION
PARK MECHANISM OPERATION
Park on a fairly steep hill and hold the vehicle with
the parking brake only. This checks holding ability.
On
automatic transmission vehicles, shifting from
"P" position to the other positions cannot be made
unless
the brake pedal is depressed when the key
switch is in
"ON" position or the engine running.
WARNING
•
Before checking starter safety switch
operation below,
be sure to have enough
room around the
vehicle. Then firmly apply
both the parking brake and the regular brake.
Do not
use the accelerator pedal. If the engine
starts, be ready
to turn off the key promptly.
Take these precautions because the vehicle
could move
without warning and possibly
cause personal injury
or property damage.
STARTER SAFETY SWITCH OPERATION
(AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION)
Check by trying to start the engine in each gear
while setting the parking brake and the foot brake.
The starter
should crank only in "P" (Park) or "N"
(Neutral).
STARTER SAFETY SWITCH OPERATION
(MANUAL TRANSMISSION)
To check, place the shift lever in "Neutral", push
the clutch pedal halfway and try to start. The starter
should not crank. The starter should crank only
when the clutch pedal is fully depressed.
ACCELERATOR LINKAGE LUBRICATION
Lubricate the accelerator pedal fulcrum pin with
chassis grease.
STEERING AND SUSPENSION
INSPECTION
Inspect front and rear suspension and steering
system
for damaged, loose or missing parts or signs
of wear. Inspect power steering lines and hoses for
proper hookup, binding, leaks, cracks, chafing, etc.
BODY AND CHASSIS LUBRICATION
Lubricate the key lock cylinders, the hood latch, the
hood and door hinges, the door check link, the
parking cable guides,
the underbody contact points,
and the linkage.
PROPELLER SHAFT INSPECTION AND
LUBRICATION
Lubricate sliding yoke and universal joints with
grease containing MOS2 (disulfide molybdenum
type grease) at the interval shown in the
Maintenance Schedule. Check for play in normal
direction of rotation of sliding yoke and universal
joints. Also check
propeller shaft flange-to-pinion
bolts for proper torque of 63 N·m (46 lb·ft) for front
and rear propeller shaft.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID
INSPECTION
Check the lubricant level every 7,500 miles (12,000
km) and add lubricant
if necessary.
Under harsh operating conditions, such as constant
driving in heavy city traffic during
hot weather, or in
hilly or mountainous terrain, change the transmission
fluid and service the
sump filter after every 20,000
miles (32,000 km) of operation.
AUTO CRUISE CONTROL INSPECTION
Check to see if the clearance between cruise link and
accelerator is normal. Also check that the vacuum
hoses are routed and connected properly.
CLUTCH LINES AND HOSES INSPECTION
Check lines and hoses for proper attachment,
binding, leaks, cracks, chafing, deterioration, etc.
Any questionable parts should be replaced or
repaired at once. When abrasion or wear is evident
on lines or hoses, the cause must be corrected.
..

OB-8 MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS
USAGE FLUID/LUBRICANT
Engine API SE, SF, SG, SH or ILSAC GF-1 Engine oil
(See oil
chart on the following page for
proper viscosity)
Engine
coolant Mixture of water and good quality ethylene glycol
base type antifreeze.
Brake system
DOT-3 hydraulic brake fluid.
Power steering system
DEXRON® 11-E Automatic transmission fluid.
Automatic transmission DEXRON®-III Automatic transmission fluid.
Manual transmission
Engine oil
(See oil
chart on following page for proper viscosity)
Rear
axle and front axle GL-5 gear lubricant (Standard differential)
GL-5 Limited slip differential gear lubricant (If
equipped with optional limited slip differential)
(See oil
chart in this section for proper viscosity)
Clutch system
a. Pivot points Engine oil
b. Clutch fork joint Chassis grease
c. Master cylinder DOT-3 hydraulic brake fluid
Hood latch assembly
a. Pivots and spring anchor
Engine oil
b. Release pawl Chassis grease
Hood and
door hinges
Engine oil
Chassis lubrication Chassis greae
Parking brake
cables Chassis grease
Front wheel bearings Wheel bearing grease
Free
Wheeling hubs (Automatic) Specified grease (available as service parts)
Propeller shafts
Sliding yoke and Universal joint Grease containing MoS2 or multipurpose type
grease NLGI No.2
Body
door hinge pins and linkage, fuel door hinge,
Engine oil
rear compartment lid hinges
Windshield washer solvent Washer fluid
Key lock cylinder Engine oil
Accelerator linkage
Chassis grease

OB-12 MAINTENANCE AND LUBRICATION
MAINTENANCE SERVICE DATA
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS
ENGINE
• Valve clearance I o o I I I 0 0 0 I 0 o o o o o I 0 o o o 0 0 o o o o Zero (Hydraulic adjuster)
• Spark plug type I I o 0 I o 0 I I I 0 o o o I 0 I o o 0 0 0 o o 0 0 0 FR2LS, BKR6E-1 1, K20PR-U11 or equivalent
•
Spark plug gap ............................ 1.05 mm (0.04 in)
• Drive belt tension ..........................
(with a belttension gage)
Generator belt 170-190 lb 100-120 lb
PIS
pump belt 70-110 lb 70-110 lb
A/C compressor belt 100-140 lb 80-120 lb
CLUTCH
• Clutch pedal free play ......................... 5 -15 mm (0.20 -0.59 in)
BRAKE
• Brake pedal free play o o o o o o o o 0 0 o o o o o 0 0 o o 0 I o o o o 6 -10 mm (0.24 -0.39 in)
• Parking brake travel ••••••••••••••••••\
•• 0 ••••• 6-7 notches
WHEEL
ALIGNMENT
•
Toe-in 0 0 o o 0 0 I 0 0 o o o o 0 0 0 0 o o o o I 0 0 o o 0 0 o o o o 0 I 0 0 ± 2 mm (0 ± 0.08 in)
• Camber .................................. oo ± 30'
•
Caster o o o 0 0 0 0 o o o o o o I 0 0 o o o o 0 0 o o o o 0 o o o o o 0 0 o 2° 1 0' ± 45' (Long wheel base model)
2° 00' ± 45' (Short wheel base model)
PROPELLER SHAFT
• Flange torque ••••••••••••••••••\
•• 0' ••• 0 ••• 63 N·m (46 lb·ft)
WHEEL AND TIRES
• Wheel nut torque o o o o 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o I o o o o 0 0 0 o 118 N·m (87 lb·ft)
* • Tire inflation pressure •••••••••••••• 0 ••• Front 21 0 kPa (30 psi)
Rear
240 kPa (35 psi)
* Unless otherwise specified on tire information label on vehicle.
~~-.... ¢ .............. .-I ~ -.,~iii~-..--. ....... 2 ........ -. .................. ~~ - I

DIAGNOSIS 3 -1
STEERING, SUSPENSION
WHEELS AND TIRES
CONTENTS
Diagnosis.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3
Front End
Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3A
Power Steering Gear and Pump ................................................................ Section 381
Steering Linkage
........................................................................\
.......... Section 383
Front Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section
3C
Rear Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3D
Wheels and
lires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 3E
Supplemental Restraint System Steering Wheel and Column............................. Section 3F4
SECTION 3
DIAGNOSIS
CONTENTS
General Description ................................. 3-1 Power Steering Pump Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
General Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Steering Column Diagnosis ........................ 3-7
"-"' Power Steering Tire Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
System Diagnosis .. .. . . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . . .. .. . . . . . . . 3-5
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Since the problems in steering, suspension, wheels
and tires
involve several systems, they must all be
considered
when diagnosing a complaint. To identify
the symptom, always road test the vehicle first.
Proceed
with the following preliminary inspections
and correct
any defects which are found.
1. lnspecttires for proper pressure and uneven wear.
2. Raise vehicle on a hoist and inspect front and
rear suspension and steering
linkage for loose or
damaged parts.
3. Spin front wheels. Inspect for out-of-round tires,
out-of-balance tires,
loose and/or rough wheel
bearings.

3-2 DIAGNOSIS
GENERAL DIAGNOSIS
Condition Possible Cause Correction
Vehicle
Pulls 1. Mismatched or uneven tires. Replace tire.
2. Tires not adequately inflated. Adjust tire pressure.
3. Broken or sagging springs. Replace spring.
4. Radial tire lateral force. Replace tire.
5. Improper wheel alignment. Adjust wheel alignment.
6. Brake dragging in one wheel. Repair brake.
7. Loose, bent or broken front or rear suspension Tighten or replace the
parts. appropriate suspension
part(s).
8. Faulty shock absorbers. Replace shock absorber.
Abnormal or Excessive 1. Sagging or broken spring. Replace spring.
Tire Wear
2. Tire out of balance. Balance or replace tire.
3. Improper wheel alignment. Check front end alignment.
4. Faulty shock absorber. Replace shock absorber.
5. Hard driving. Replace tire.
6. Overloaded vehicle. Replace tire
and reduce
load.
7. Tires not rotated periodically. Replace or rotate
tire.
8. Worn or loose road wheel bearings. Replace wheel bearing.
9. Wobbly wheel or tires. Replace wheel or tire.
10. Tires not adequately inflated. Adjust the pressure.
Wheel Tramp or Hop 1. Blister or bump on tire. Replace tire.
2. Improper shock absorber operation. Replace shock absorber.
Shimmy,
Shake or 1. Tire or wheel out of balance. Balance
wheels or replace
Vibration tire/or wheel.
2. Loose wheel bearings. Replace wheel bearing.
3. Worn steering linkage ball joints. Replace ball joints.
4. Worn upper or lower end ball joints. Replace ball joints.
5. Excessive wheel runout. Repair or replace
wheel
and/or tire.
6. Blister or bump on tire. Replace tire.
7. Excessive loaded radial runout of tire/wheel Replace tire or wheel.
assembly.
8. Improper wheel alignment. Check
wheel alignment.
9. Loose or worn steering linkage. Tighten or replace steering
linkage.
10. Loose steering gear. Tighten
housing bolts.
11. Tires not adequately inflated. Adjust tire pressure.
12. Loose, bent or broken front or rear Tighten or replace the
suspension parts. appropriate suspension
parts.
13. Faulty shock absorber. Replace shock absorber.
14. Hub bearing preload misadjustment. Adjust preload.
Hard Steering 1. Bind in steering linkage ball studs, upper or Replace ball joint.
lower end ball joint.
2. Improper wheel alignment. Check wheel alignment.
3. Steering gear misadjustment. Check and adjust pinion
torque.
4. Tire not adequately inflated. Inflate tires to proper
pressure.
5. Bind in steering column or shaft. Repair or replace.
6. Improper power steering
system operation. Repair or replace.
Refer to "Power steering
system diagnosis"
'· •

DIAGNOSIS 3-3
Condition Possible Cause Correction
Too
Much Play In 1. Wheel bearings worn. Replace wheel bearings.
Steering
2. Loose steering gear or linkage. Retighten or repair.
3. Steering
gear misadjustment. Inspect and adjust steering
gear preload.
4. Worn or loose steering shaft universal joint. Retighten or replace
steering shaft.
5. Worn steering linkage ball joints. Replace ball joints.
6. Worn upper or lower end ball joints. Replace ball joints.
Poor Steering
Wheel 1. Bind in steering linkage ball joints. Replace ball joints.
Returnability 2. Bind
in upper or lower end ball joints. Replace ball joints.
3. Bind
in steering column and shaft. Repair
or replace.
4. Bind in steering gear. Check and repair steering
gear.
5. Improper wheel alignment. Adjust wheel alignment.
6. Tires not adequately
inflated. Adjust
pressure.
7. Loose steering wheel nut. Retighten.
8. Worn wheel bearing.
Replace.
Abnormal Noise
1. Worn, sticky or loose upper or lower end ball Replace.
joint, steering linkage
ball joints or drive axle
joints.
2. Faulty shock absorbers.
Replace.
3. Worn upper or lower control arm bushing.
Replace.
4. Loose stabilizer bar. Retighten bolts or replace
bushings.
5. Loose wheel nuts. Tighten nuts. Check for
elongated wheel nut holes.
Replace
wheel if required.
6. Loose suspension bolts or nuts. Retighten suspension bolts
or nuts.
7. Broken or otherwise damaged wheel bearings. Replace wheel bearing.
8. Broken suspension springs. Replace spring.
9. Loose steering gear. Retighten mounting bolt.
10. Faulty steering gear. Check and adjust steering
gear.
Wandering
or Poor 1. Mismatched or unevenly worn tires. Replace tire or inflate tires
Steering
Stability to proper pressure.
2. Loose steering linkage ball joints. Replace ball joints.
3. Faulty shock absorbers. Replace shock absorber.
4. Loose stabilizer bar. Tighten or replace stabilizer
bar or bushings.
5. Broken or sagging springs. Replace spring (pairs).
6. Steering gear misadjustment. Check or adjust steering
gear.
7. Improper wheel alignment.
Adjust wheel alignment.

3-4 DIAGNOSIS
Condition Possible Cause Correction
Erratic Steering When 1. Worn wheel bearings. Replace wheel bearings.
Braking
2. Broken or sagging springs. Replace spring (pairs).
3. Leaking caliper. Repair or replace caliper.
4. Warped discs. Replace brake disc.
5. Badly worn brake pads. Replace brake pads.
6. Tires are inflated unequally. Inflate tires to proper
pressure.
Low or Uneven Trim
1. Broken or sagging springs. Replace springs (In pairs)
Height
2. Vehicle overloaded. Reduce load.
3. Incorrect springs. Adjust or replace torsion
bar.
Suspension Bottoms
1. Vehicle overloaded. Reduce load.
2. Faulty shock absorber. Replace shock absorber
3. Incorrect, broken or sagging springs. Replace springs.
Body Leans
1. Loose stabilizer bar. Tighten stabilizer bar bolts
or replace bushings.
2. Faulty shock
absorber, struts or mounting. Replace shock absorber.
3. Broken or sagging springs. Replace springs (In pairs)
4. Vehicle overloaded. Reduce load.
Cupped Tires 1. Worn wheel bearings. Replace wheel bearing.
2. Excessive tire or wheel run-out. Replace tire or wheel.
3. Worn ball joints. Replace ball joints.
4. Tire out of balance. Adjust tire balance.
•

DIAGNOSIS 3-5
POWER STEERING SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
HISSING NOISE
There is some noise in all power steering systems. One of the most common is a hissing sound when the steering
wheel is fully turned and the car is not moving. This noise will be most evident when the wheel is operated while
the brakes are applied. There is no relationship between this noise and steering performance. Do not replace the
valve unless the "hissing" noise is extremely objectionable. A replacement valve will also have a slight noise, and
is
not always a cure for the condition.
Condition
Possible Cause Correction
Rattle or Chucking 1. Pressure
hose touching other parts of vehicle. Adjust hose position. Do not
Noise bend
tubing by hand.
2. Tie rod ends loose. Tighten or replace tie rod
end.
3. Loose steering gear mounting. Tighten
steering gear
mounting.
4. Steering gear misadjustment. Check and adjust steering
gear
preload.
Poor Return of Steering 1. Improper front wheel alignment. Adjust front wheel
Wheel
to Center alignment.
2. Wheel bearing worn. Replace front wheel
bearing.
3. Tie rod end binding. Replace tie rod end.
4. Ball joint binding. Replace ball joint.
5. Tight or frozen steering shaft bearing. Replace steering assembly.
6. Steering gear misadjustment. Adjust the steering gear.
7. Sticky or plugged steering gear valve. Repair or replace steering
gear
valve.
8. Entry of air in the power steering system. Bleed the system.
Momentary Increase In 1. High internal leakage. Repair steering gear.
Effort When Turning
2. Power steering fluid level low. Replenish
fluid.
Wheel
Fast To Right or
Left
Steering
Wheel Surges 1. Insufficient pump pressure. Repair pump assembly.
or Jerks
When Turning 2. Sticky steering gear valve. Repair or replace steering
Especially During gear.
Parking
3. Power steering fluid level low. Replenish
fluid.
Excessive Wheel Kick 1. Air in system. Bleed hydraulic system.
Back
or Loose Steering 2. Tie rod end loose. Tighten tie rod end.
3. Wheel bearing worn. Replace wheel bearing.
Hard Steering
or Lack 1. Sticky steering gear valve. Repair or replace steering
or Power Assist gear valve.
2. Insufficient pump pressure.
Repair pump assembly.
3. Excessive internal pump leakage. Repair
pump assembly.
4. Excessive internal steering gear leakage. Repair steering gear
5. Power steering fluid level low. Replenish
fluid.

DIAGNOSIS 3-9
TIRE DIAGNOSIS
• Hard cornering • Incorrect wheel alignment • Heavy acceleration
from a
stop • Under inflation
• Tire unevenly worn
• Lack of rotation • Over inflation
Fig. 3-1
IRREGULAR AND PREMATURE WEAR
(Fig. 3-1)
Irregular and/or premature wear has many causes.
Some of them are incorrect inflation pressures, lack of
tire rotation, poor driving habits or improper wheel
alignment. Incorrect inflation
is common cause of tire
premature wear.
NOTE:
Due to their design, radial tires tend to wear faster in
the
shoulder area, particularly on the front tires. This
makes
regular rotation especially necessary. After
rotation,
be 'Sure to check wheel nut torque, and set tire
pressures.
TIRE ROTATION (Fig. 3-2)
Tire rotation is recommended to equalize wear for
longer tire life.
Acceptable rotation patterns
Fig. 3-2
Spare tire
If the following conditions are noted, rotate the tires:
• Front tire wear is different from rear.
• Uneven wear exists across the tread of any tire.
• Left and right front tire wear is unequal.
•
Left and right rear tire wear is unequal.
Check wheel alignment if the following conditions are
noted:
• Left and right front tire wear is unequal.
•
Wear is uneven across the tread of any front tire.
• Front tire treads have a scuffed appearance with
"feather" edges on one side of the tread ribs or
blocks.
TREAD WEAR INDICATORS (Fig. 3-3)
The original equipment tires have built-in tread wear
indicators to show when tires need replacement.
These indicators may appear as wide bands. When the
indicators appear in
two or more grooves at three
locations, tire replacement is recommended.
Fig. 3-3
Tread wear
indicators