tires JAGUAR XFR 2010 1.G Workshop Manual

Disassembly and AssemblyShock Absorber and Spring Assembly204-04: Wheels and TiresSpecificationDescription and OperationComponent Location
Overview
System Operation and Component DescriptionDiagnosis and TestingWheels and TiresRemoval and InstallationTire Low Pressure Sensor
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Front Antenna
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Rear Antenna
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Module
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Receiver
Wheel and Tire204-05: Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
Description and OperationComponent Location - V8 5.0L Petrol/V8 S/C 5.0L Petrol
Overview - V8 5.0L Petrol/V8 S/C 5.0L Petrol
System Operation and Component Description - V8 5.0L Petrol/V8 S/C 5.0L PetrolDiagnosis and TestingVehicle Dynamic SuspensionRemoval and InstallationAdaptive Damping Module
Front Suspension Vertical Accelerometer
Rear Suspension Vertical Accelerometer204-06: Ride and Handling Optimization
Description and OperationComponent Location
Overview
System Operation and Component Description205: Driveline
205-00: Driveline System - General Information
Diagnosis and TestingDriveline SystemGeneral ProceduresDriveline Angle Inspection205-01: DriveshaftSpecification

General Information - Road/Roller Testing
Description and Operation Published: 11-May-2011

Road or roller testing may be carried out for various reasons and a procedure detailing pre-test checks, through engine starting
and stopping, pre-driving checks, on-test checks to final checks on completion of the test is given in this section.

Unless complete vehicle performance is being checked, the full road test procedure need not be carried out. Instead, those
items particularly relevant to the system/s being checked can be extracted.

Pre - Test Checks


WARNING: If the brake system hydraulic fluid level is low, pedal travel is excessive or a hydraulic leak is found, do not
attempt to road test the vehicle until the reason for the low fluid level, excessive pedal travel or hydraulic leak is found and
rectified.

It is suggested that pre-test checks, and functional tests of those systems/circuits which affect the safe and legal operations
of the vehicle, such as brakes, lights and steering, should always be carried out before the road or roller test.

Engine oil level
Engine coolant level
Tires, for correct pressure, compatible types and tread patterns, and wear within limits
There is sufficient fuel in the tank to complete the test
All around the engine, transmission and under the vehicle for oil, coolant, hydraulic and fuel leaks. Make a note of any
apparent leaks and wipe off the surrounding areas to make it easier to identify the extent of the leak on completion of
the test
Starting the Engine


CAUTION: On initial drive away from cold and within the first 1.5 km (1 mile), do not depress accelerator pedal beyond
half travel until the vehicle has attained a minimum speed of 25 km/h (15 miles/h). Never operate at high engine speed or
with the accelerator pedal at full travel whilst the engine is cold.
With the ignition switched off, check:
The parking brake is applied
The transmission selector lever is in Park
All instrument gauges (except fuel gauge) read zero

With the ignition switched on, check:

Ignition controlled warning lamps come on
Engine coolant temperature gauge registers a reading compatible with the engine coolant temperature
Fuel gauge registers a reading appropriate to the fuel level in the tank
The operation of the parking brake and brake fluid level warning lamps

On Road or Roller Test Check:


CAUTION: If road testing, check the brake operation while still travelling at low speed before continuing with the test. If
the brakes pull to one side, or appear to be otherwise faulty, do not continue with the road test until the fault has been found
and rectified.
Initial gear engagement is smooth
Parking brake control operates smoothly and the parking brake releases quickly and completely
Transmission takes up the drive smoothly, without judder
The engine power output is satisfactory, full power is achieved, acceleration is smooth and pedal operation not stiff or
heavy, and engine speed returns to idle correctly
There is no excessive or abnormally colored smoke from the engine under normal driving, heavy load or overrun
conditions
Steering operation, including power steering, is smooth, accurate, not excessively heavy or with excessive free play or
vibration. Does not pull to one side and self centres smoothly after cornering
Speedometer, oil pressure warning lamp, coolant temperature gauge and tachometer register the correct readings or
operate correctly
Switches and controls operate smoothly and positively, warning lamps operate correctly and the direction indicator
control self cancels when the steering is returned to the straight ahead position
Heating and ventilation systems work correctly and effectively
Brake operation and efficiency

Brake Testing


WARNING: When brake testing, avoid breathing the smoke or fumes from hot brakes, this may contain asbestos dust
which is hazardous to health, see Health and Safety Precautions.

Published: 17-Apr-2014
General Information - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index DTC: Tire
Pressure Monitoring System Module (TPM)
Description and Operation

Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPM)


CAUTION: Diagnosis by substitution from a donor vehicle is NOT acceptable. Substitution of control modules does not
guarantee confirmation of a fault and may also cause additional faults in the vehicle being checked and/or the donor vehicle.
NOTES:


If the control module or a component is suspect and the vehicle remains under manufacturer warranty, refer to the
Warranty Policy and Procedures manual, or determine if any prior approval programme is in operation, prior to the installation
of a new module/component.


Generic scan tools may not read the codes listed, or may read only 5-digit codes. Match the 5 digits from the scan tool to
the first 5 digits of the 7-digit code listed to identify the fault (the last 2 digits give extra information read by the
manufacturer approved diagnostic system).


When performing voltage or resistance tests, always use a digital multimeter (DMM) accurate to three decimal places,
and with an up-to-date calibration certificate. When testing resistance, always take the resistance of the DMM leads into
account.


Check and rectify basic faults before beginning diagnostic routines involving pinpoint tests.


If DTCs are recorded and, after performing the pinpoint tests a fault is not present, an intermittent concern may be the
cause. Always check for loose connections and corroded terminals.


Where an 'on demand self-test' is referred to, this can be accessed via the 'DTC Monitor' tab on the manufacturers
approved diagnostic system.


Check DDW for open campaigns. Refer to the corresponding bulletins and SSMs which may be valid for the specific
customer complaint and carry out the recommendations as required.

The table below lists all Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that could be logged in the Tire Pressure Monitoring System, for
additional Diagnosis and Testing information refer to the relevant Diagnosis and Testing Section.
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and Testing).

DTC Description Possible Causes Action C1A56-31
Left Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No signal
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensor or radio frequency
receiver
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test F in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A56-68
Left Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Event
information
Information only - vehicle
exposed to extreme
temperature environment
and/or tire pressure
sensor low battery
voltage event
No action required C1A56-91
Left Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Parametric
Tire pressure sensor has
reported out of range
information for pressure,
temperature or
acceleration
Replace defective tire pressure sensor. Refer to
the relevant section of the workshop manual C1A56-93
Left Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No operation
No tire pressure sensor
can be localized at this
position due to an
initiator or tire pressure
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test G in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires www.JagDocs.com

DTC Description Possible Causes Action sensor malfunction
C1A57-11
Left Front Initiator -
Circuit short to ground
Left front initiator circuit
is short to ground
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test B1 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A57-12
Left Front Initiator -
Circuit short to battery
Left front initiator circuit
is short to power
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test B2 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A57-13
Left Front Initiator -
Circuit open
Left front initiator circuit
open
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test B9 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A58-31
Right Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No signal
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensor or radio frequency
receiver
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test F in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A58-68
Right Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Event
information
Information only - vehicle
exposed to extreme
temperature environment
and/or tire pressure
sensor low battery
voltage event
No action required C1A58-91
Right Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Parametric
Tire pressure sensor has
reported out of range
information for pressure,
temperature or
acceleration
Replace defective tire pressure sensor. refer to
the relevant section of the workshop manual C1A58-93
Right Front Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No operation
No tire pressure sensor
can be localized at this
position due to an
initiator or tire pressure
sensor malfunction
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test G in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A59-11
Right Front Initiator -
Circuit short to ground
Right front initiator circuit
is short to ground
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test C1 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A59-12
Right Front Initiator -
Circuit short to battery
Right front initiator circuit
is short to power
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test C2 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A59-13
Right Front Initiator -
Circuit open
Right front initiator circuit
open
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test C9 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A60-31
Left Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No signal
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensor or radio frequency
receiver
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test F in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A60-68
Left Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Event
information
Information only - Vehicle
exposed to extreme
temperature environment
and/or tire pressure
sensor low battery
voltage event
No action required

DTC Description Possible Causes Action C1A60-91
Left Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Parametric
Tire pressure sensor has
reported out of range
information for pressure,
temperature or
acceleration
Replace defective tire pressure sensor, refer to
the relevant section of the workshop manual C1A60-93
Left Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No operation
No tire pressure sensor
can be localized at this
position due to an
initiator or tire pressure
sensor malfunction
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test G in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A61-11
Left Rear Initiator -
Circuit short to ground
Left rear initiator circuit
short to ground
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test D1 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A61-12
Left Rear Initiator -
Circuit short to battery
Left rear initiator circuit
short to power
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test D2 in section
204-04,Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A61-13
Left Rear Initiator -
Circuit open
Left rear initiator circuit
open
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test D9 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A62-31
Right Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No signal
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensor or radio frequency
receiver
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test F in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A62-68
Right Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Event
information
Information only - vehicle
exposed to extreme
temperature environment
and/or tire pressure
sensor low battery
voltage event
No action required C1A62-91
Right Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - Parametric
Tire pressure sensor has
reported out of range
information for pressure,
temperature or
acceleration
Replace defective tire pressure sensor, refer to
the relevant section of the workshop manual C1A62-93
Right Rear Tire Pressure
Sensor and Transmitter
Assembly - No operation
No tire pressure sensor
can be localized at this
position due to an
initiator or tire pressure
sensor malfunction
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test G in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A63-11
Right Rear Initiator -
Circuit short to ground
Right rear initiator circuit
short to ground
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test E1 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A63-12
Right Rear Initiator -
Circuit short to battery
Right rear initiator circuit
short to power
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing). Go to pinpoint test E2 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1A63-13
Right Rear Initiator -
Circuit open
Right rear initiator circuit
open
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test E9 in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires

DTC Description Possible Causes Action C1A64-68
Spare Wheel Tire
Pressure Sensor and Transmitter Assembly -
Event information
Information only - vehicle
exposed to extreme
temperature environment
and/or tire pressure
sensor low battery
voltage event
No action required C1A64-91
Spare Wheel Tire
Pressure Sensor and Transmitter Assembly -
Parametric
Tire pressure sensor has
reported out of range
information for pressure,
temperature or
acceleration
Replace defective tire pressure sensor, refer to
the relevant section of the workshop manual C1A64-93
Spare Wheel Tire
Pressure Sensor and Transmitter Assembly -
No operation
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensor or radio frequency
receiver
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test H in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1D19-11
External Receiver Data
Line - Circuit short to
ground
Tire pressure monitoring
system radio frequency
receiver or data line
circuit is short to ground
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test A in section
204-04,Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires C1D19-12
External Receiver Data
Line - Circuit short to
battery
Tire pressure monitoring
system radio frequency
receiver or data line
circuit is short to power
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test I in section 204-04,
diagnosis and testing C1D19-87
External Receiver Data
Line - Missing message
Radio Frequency
reception blocked
Tire pressure monitoring
system radio frequency
receiver faulty
Tire pressure monitoring
system radio frequency
receiver or data line
circuits open circuit
Missing, incompatible or
defective tire pressure
sensors
For additional information, refer to: Wheels and
Tires (204-04 Wheels and Tires, Diagnosis and
Testing).Go to pinpoint test J in section 204-04,
Diagnosis and Testing, Wheels and Tires U0010-88
Medium Speed CAN
Communication Bus - Bus
off
CAN bus fault
Carry out CAN network integrity tests. Refer to
the electrical wiring diagrams and check CAN
network for short, open circuit U0140-00
Lost communication with
body control module - No
sub type information
CAN bus fault
Central junction box fault
Refer to the electrical wiring diagrams and check
central junction box power and ground supplies
for short, open circuit. Carry out CAN network
integrity tests U0142-00
Lost Communication With
Body Control Module "B" -
No sub type information
CAN bus fault
Rear junction box fault
Refer to the electrical wiring diagrams and check
rear junction box power and ground supplies for
short, open circuit. Carry out CAN network
integrity tests U0155-00
Lost Communications
With Instrument Panel
Cluster (IPC) Control
Module - No sub type
information
CAN bus fault
Instrument cluster fault
Refer to the electrical wiring diagrams and check
instrument cluster power and ground supplies for
short, open circuit. Carry out CAN network
integrity tests U0164-00
Lost Communication With
HVAC Control Module - No
sub type information
CAN bus fault
Climate control module
fault
Refer to the electrical wiring diagrams and check
climate control module power and ground supplies
for short, open circuit. Carry out CAN network
integrity tests

Published: 16-Sep-2013
Noise, Vibration and Harshness - Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
Diagnosis and Testing

Principle of Operation

For a detailed description of Noise, Vibration and Harshness issues, refer to the Description and Operation section of the
workshop manual.
REFER to: Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) (100-04 Noise, Vibration and Harshness, Description and Operation).
Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer's concerns by operating the vehicle to duplicate the condition.

2. Visually inspect the vehicle to determine any obvious cause(s) of the concern(s).

3. If the inspection reveals obvious causes that can be readily identified, repair as necessary.
4. If the concern(s) remains after the inspection, determine the symptom(s) and refer to the Symptom Chart.

How To Use This Diagnostic Procedure Section

Noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) concerns have become more important as vehicles have become more sensitive to
these vibrations. This section is designed as an aid to identifying these situations
The section provides diagnostic procedures based on symptoms. If the condition occurs at high speed, for instance, the
most likely place to start is under High Speed Shake
The road test procedure will tell how to sort the conditions into categories and how to tell a vibration from a shake
A series of Road Test Quick Checks is provided to make sure that a cause is either pinpointed or eliminated
Name the condition, proceed to the appropriate section and locate the correct diagnosis. When the condition is
identified, the job is partly done
Follow the diagnostic procedure as outlined
Quick Checks are described within the step, while more involved tests and adjustments are outlined in General
Procedures
Always follow each step exactly and make notes to recall important findings later

Customer Interview

The road test and customer interview (if available) provide information that will help identify the concerns and will provide
direction to the correct starting point for diagnosis.

Identify the Condition
NVH problems usually occur in a number of areas:
tires
engine accessories
suspension
driveline
air leakage (wind noise)
squeaks and rattles
heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)
electrical (e.g. motor noise)
transmission
engine

It is important, therefore, that an NVH concern be isolated into its specific area(s) as soon as possible. The easiest and
quickest way to do this is to carry out the Road Test as outlined.

Noise Diagnostic Procedure

Non-Axle Noise

The five most important sources of non-axle noise are exhaust, tires, roof racks, trim and mouldings, and transmission.

Therefore, make sure that none of the following conditions are the cause of the noise before proceeding with a driveline tear
down and diagnosis.

Under certain conditions, the pitch of the exhaust may sound very much like gear noise. At other times, it can be
mistaken for a wheel bearing rumble
Tires, especially snow tires, can have a high pitched tread whine or roar, similar to gear noise. Radial tires, to some
degree, have this characteristic. Also, any non-standard tire with an unusual tread construction may emit a roar or
whine type noise
Trim and mouldings can also cause whistling or a whining noise
Clunk may be a metallic noise heard when the automatic transmission is engaged in reverse or drive, or it may occur
when the throttle is applied or released. It is caused by backlash somewhere in the driveline
Bearing rumble sounds like marbles being tumbled. This condition is usually caused by a damaged wheel bearing

Noise Conditions

Gear noise is typically a howling or whining due to gear damage or incorrect bearing preload. It can occur at various
speeds and driving conditions, or it can be continuous
Chuckle is a particular rattling noise that sounds like a stick against the spokes of a spinning bicycle wheel. It occurs
while decelerating from approximately 64 km/h (40 miles/h) and can usually be heard all the way to a stop. The
frequency varies with vehicle speed
Knock is very similar to chuckle, though it may be louder and occurs on acceleration or deceleration. The tear down will
disclose what has to be corrected
Check and rule out tires, exhaust and trim items before disassembling the transmission to diagnose and correct gear noise.

The noises described under Road Test usually have specific causes that can be diagnosed by observation as the unit is
disassembled. The initial clues are the type of noise heard on the road test and the driving conditions.

Vibration Conditions


wear. NOTE: New Constant Velocity (CV) joints should not be installed unless disassembly and inspection revealed unusual

Clicking, popping or grinding noises may be caused by the following:

Cut or damaged CV joint boots resulting in inadequate or contaminated lubricant in the outboard or inboard CV joint
bearing housings
Loose CV joint boot clamps
Another component contacting the rear drive half shaft
Worn, damaged or incorrectly installed wheel bearing, suspension or brake component
Vibration at highway speeds may be caused by the following:
Out-of-balance front or rear wheels
Out-of-round tires
Driveline imbalance
Driveline run-out (alignment)


NOTE: Rear drive half shafts are not balanced and are not likely to contribute to rotational vibration disturbance.
Shudder or vibration during acceleration (including from rest) may be caused by the following:
Driveline alignment
Excessively worn or damaged outboard or inboard CV joint bearing housing
Excessively high CV joint operating angles caused by incorrect ride height. Check ride height, verify correct spring rate
and check items under Inoperative Conditions
Excessively worn driveshaft components

Leakage Conditions

1. Inspect the CV joint boots for evidence of cracks, tears or splits.

2. Inspect the underbody for any indication of grease splatter in the vicinity of the rear drive half shaft, outboard and
inboard CV joint boot locations, which is an indication of CV joint boot or CV joint boot clamp damage.
3. Inspect the inboard CV joint bearing housing seal for leakage.

Inoperative Conditions

If a CV joint or rear drive half shaft pull-out occurs, check the following:

suspension components for correct location, damage or wear
bushings for wear
subframe for damage
bent or worn components
- Stabilizer bar link
- Left-hand rear suspension lower arm and bushing
- Right-hand rear suspension lower arm and bushing
- Rear wheel hub and rear drive half shaft

Road Test

A gear-driven unit will produce a certain amount of noise. Some noise is acceptable and may be audible at certain speeds or
under various driving conditions as on a newly paved blacktop road. The slight noise is in no way detrimental and must be
considered normal.

The road test and customer interview (if available) provide information needed to identify the condition and give direction to
the correct starting point for diagnosis.
1. Make notes throughout the diagnosis routine. Make sure to write down even the smallest piece of information, because

it may turn out to be the most important.

2. Do not touch anything until a road test and a thorough visual inspection of the vehicle have been carried out. Leave the
tire pressures and vehicle load just where they were when the condition was first observed. Adjusting tire pressures,
vehicle load or making other adjustments may reduce the conditions intensity to a point where it cannot be identified
clearly. It may also inject something new into the system, preventing correct diagnosis.

3. Make a visual inspection as part of the preliminary diagnosis routine, writing down anything that does not look right.
Note tire pressures, but do not adjust them yet. Note leaking fluids, loose nuts and bolts, or bright spots where
components may be rubbing against each other. Check the luggage compartment for unusual loads.
4. Road test the vehicle and define the condition by reproducing it several times during the road test.

5. Carry out the Road Test Quick Checks as soon as the condition is reproduced. This will identify the correct diagnostic
procedure. Carry out the Road Test Quick Checks more than once to verify they are providing a valid result. Remember,
the Road Test Quick Checks may not tell where the concern is, but they will tell where it is not.

Road Test Quick Checks

1. 24-80 km/h (15-50 miles/h): With light acceleration, a moaning noise is heard and possibly a vibration is felt in the
front floor pan. It is usually worse at a particular engine speed and at a particular throttle setting during acceleration at
that speed. It may also produce a moaning sound, depending on what component is causing it. Refer to Tip-In Moan in
the Symptom Chart.

2. Acceleration/deceleration: With slow acceleration and deceleration, a shake is sometimes noticed in the steering
wheel/column, seats, front floor pan, front door trim panel or front end sheet metal. It is a low frequency vibration
(around 9-15 cycles per second). It may or may not be increased by applying brakes lightly. Refer to Idle Boom/Shake
/Vibration in the Symptom Chart.

3. High speed: A vibration is felt in the front floor pan or seats with no visible shake, but with an accompanying sound or
rumble, buzz, hum, drone or booming noise. Coast with the clutch pedal depressed or shift control selector lever in
neutral and engine idling. If vibration is still evident, it may be related to wheels, tires, front brake discs, wheel hubs
or front wheel bearings. Refer to High Speed Shake in the Symptom Chart.

4. Engine rpm sensitive: A vibration is felt whenever the engine reaches a particular rpm. It will disappear in neutral
coasts. The vibration can be duplicated by operating the engine at the problem rpm while the vehicle is stationary. It
can be caused by any component, from the accessory drive belt to the torque converter which turns at engine speed
when the vehicle is stopped. Refer to High Speed Shake in the Symptom Chart.

5. Noise/vibration while turning: Clicking, popping, or grinding noises may be due to a worn, damaged, or incorrectly
installed front wheel bearing, rear drive half shaft or CV joint.

6. Noise/vibration that is road speed relative: This noise/vibration can be diagnosed independent of engine speed or gear
selected (engine speed varies but torque and road speed remain constant). The cause may be a rear drive
axle/differential whine.
Road Conditions

An experienced technician will always establish a route that will be used for all NVH diagnosis road tests. The road selected
should be reasonably smooth, level and free of undulations (unless a particular condition needs to be identified). A smooth
asphalt road that allows driving over a range of speeds is best. Gravel or bumpy roads are unsuitable because of the additional
road noise produced. Once the route is established and consistently used, the road noise variable is eliminated from the test
results.


NOTE: Some concerns may be apparent only on smooth asphalt roads.

If a customer complains of a noise or vibration on a particular road and only on a particular road, the source of the concern
may be the road surface. If possible, try to test the vehicle on the same type of road.

Vehicle Preparation

Carry out a thorough visual inspection of the vehicle before carrying out the road test. Note anything which is unusual. Do not
repair or adjust any condition until the road test is carried out, unless the vehicle is inoperative or the condition could pose a
hazard to the technician.
After verifying the condition has been corrected, make sure all components removed have been installed.

Lift Test

After a road test, it is sometimes useful to do a similar test on a lift.

When carrying out the high-speed shake diagnosis or engine accessory vibration diagnosis on a lift, observe the following
precautions:


WARNING: If only one drive wheel is allowed to rotate, speed must be limited to 55 km/h (35 miles/h) indicated on the
speedometer since actual wheel speed will be twice that indicated on the speedometer. Speed exceeding 55 km/h (35 miles/h)
or allowing the drive wheel to hang unsupported could result in tire disintegration, differential failure, constant velocity joint

and drive half shaft failure, which could cause serious personal injury and extensive vehicle damage. Failure to follow these
instructions may result in personal injury.


CAUTION: The suspension should not be allowed to hang free. When the CV joint is run at a very high angle, extra
vibration as well as damage to the seals and joints can occur.

The rear suspension lower arm should be supported as far outboard as possible. To bring the vehicle to its correct ride height,
the full weight of the vehicle should be supported in the rear by floor jacks. REFER to: (100-02 Jacking and Lifting)

Jacking (Description and Operation), Lifting (Description and Operation).
1. Raise and support the vehicle. REFER to: (100-02 Jacking and Lifting)
Jacking (Description and Operation), Lifting (Description and Operation).
2. Explore the speed range of interest using the Road Test Quick Checks as previously described.

3. Carry out a coast down in neutral. If the vehicle is free of vibration when operating at a steady indicated speed and
behaves very differently in drive and coast, a transmission concern is likely.

Note, however, that a test on the lift may produce different vibrations and noises than a road test because of the effect of the
lift. It is not unusual to find vibrations on the lift that were not found in the road test. If the condition found on the road can
be duplicated on the lift, carrying out experiments on the lift may save a great deal of time.

Exhaust Neutralization Procedure

1. Raise vehicle on lift and slacken all exhaust fixings.

2. With all fixings loose, neutralize the exhaust system.

3. Tighten all fixings to correct torque, starting at the rear-most point working towards the front of the vehicle.

Symptom Chart

Symptom Possible Cause Action High-speed shake
Wheel end vibration
Engine/transmission
Driveline GO to Pinpoint Test A. Tip-in moan
Air cleaner
Power steering
Powertrain
Engine mounts
Exhaust system GO to Pinpoint Test B. Idle boom/shake/vibration, or shudder
Cable(s)/hoses(s)
Intake air distribution and filtering system
Engine mounts
Exhaust system
Belt/pulleys GO to Pinpoint Test C. Wheel end vibration analysis
Suspension/rear drive halfshaft and CV joints
Tires/wheels
Wheel bearings
CV joint boots GO to Pinpoint Test D. Non-axle noise
Trim/mouldings
A/C system
Accessories GO to Pinpoint Test E. Pinpoint Tests


NOTE: These Pinpoint Tests are designed to take the technician through a step-by-step diagnosis procedure to determine
the cause of a condition. It may not always be necessary to follow the chart to its conclusion. Carry out only the Pinpoint Test
steps necessary to correct the condition. Then check operation of the system to make sure the condition is corrected.
After verifying that the condition has been corrected, make sure all components removed have been installed.

PINPOINT TEST A : HIGH-SPEED SHAKE TEST DETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS www.JagDocs.com