oil level MAZDA MX-5 1994 Owner's Manual

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF) K REPLACEMENT 1. On level ground, jack up the vehicle and support it evenly on safety stands. Warning When the transmission and the ATF are hot, they can cause burns to the skin. Allow the transmis- sion and the ATF to cool before doing this proce- dure. 2. Loosen the oil pan installation bolts, and drain the ATF into a container. 3. Remove the oil pan and gasket. 4. Clean the oil pan and the magnet. 5. Install the oil pan along with a new gasket. Tightening torque: 5.9-7.8 N-m (60-80 kgfecm, 53-69 in-lbf) 6. Add approximately 4.0 L (4.2 US qt, 3.5 Imp qt} ATF, and check the ATF level. (Refer to page K-35.) Specified ATF: DexronmII or M-I11 Gartner Banana

TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION UNIT (REMOVAL) Preparation SST 49 0259 440 Holder, mainshaft For prevention of oil leakage 1. Shift the selector lever to N range. 2. Disconnect the negative battery cable. 3. On level ground, jack up the vehicle and support it evenly on safety stands. 4. The oil pan could contain small chips, shavings, and other particles helpful in checking the condition of the transmission and diagnosing certain problems. To ensure that all foreign particles stay in the oil pan, make sure that the transmission is never tipped completely over while the oil pan is still installed. Warning When the transmission and the ATF are hot, they can cause burns to the skin. Allow the trans- mission and the ATF to cool before doing this procedure. 5. Drain the ATF into a suitable container. 6. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. 7. After removal, remove the oil pan to check condition of the transmission. Gartner Banana

K TRANSMISSION On-vehicle Removal 1. Disconnect the negative battery cable. 2. On level ground, jack up the vehicle and support it evenly on safety stands. w 3. Remove the exhaust pipe. (Refer to page K-45.) Warning When the transmission and the ATF are hot, they can cause burns to the skin. Allow the transmis- sion and the ATF to cool before doing this proce- dure. 4. Loosen the oil pan installation bolts, and drain the ATF into a container. 5. Disconnect the vacuum hose. 6. Remove the vacuum diaphragm, O-rings, and vacuum diaphragm rod. 7. Remove the oil pan, and the gasket. 8. Disconnect the solenoid valve connector. 9. Remove the harness from the bracket. 10. Remove the control valve body assembly. Gartner Banana

TRANSMISSION K On-vehicle Installation 1. Set the valve body assembly in position, and align the manual plate and manual valve. Tightening torque: 10.8-1 4.7 N.m (11 0-150 kgf-m, 95.5--130 ftalbf) 2. Connect the solenoid valve connector. 3. Install the harness. , . 4. Install the oil pan along with a new gasket. MANUAL PLATE Tightening torque: 5.9-7.8 N.m (60-80 kgf-cm, 53-69 in4bf) 45UOKX-371 5. Install the bolts. Tightening torque: 5.9-7.8 Nsm (60--80 kgf-cm, 53--69 inalbf) 6. Apply ATF to a new O-ring and install it onto the vacuum diaphragm. 7. Apply ATF to a new O-ring and install it into the transmis- sion case. 8. Apply ATF to the vacuum diaphragm rod and vacuum di- aphragm, and install them into the transmission case. Tightening torque: 7.9-1 0.7 N-m (80-1 10 kgf-cm, 70-95.4 in-lbf) 9. Connect the vacuum hose. 10. Install the exhaust pipe. (Refer to page K-148.) 11. Add approximately 4.0 L (4.2 US qt, 3.5 Imp qt) ATF, and check the ATF level. (Refer to page K-35.) Gartner Banana

K TRANSMISSION VACUUM DIAPHRAGM Preparation SST Note Excessive shift shock and improper shifting often indicate a vacuum diaphragm malfunction. 49 GO32 355 Adjustment gauge Warning When the transmission and the ATF are hot, they can cause burns to the skin. Allow the trans- mission and the ATF to cool before doing this procedure. For adjustment of vacuum diaphragm rod On-vehicle Removal 1. On level ground, jack up the vehicle and support it evenly on safety stands. 2. Remove the exhaust pipe. (Refer to page K-45.) 3. Loosen the oil pan mounting bolts, and drain approx. 1.0 L (1.1 US qt, 0.9 Imp qt) of ATF. L' 4. Disconnect the vacuum hose. 5. Remove the vacuum diaphragm, O-rings, and vacuum diaphragm rod. Inspection 1. Check that the vacuum diaphragm rod moves when vac- uum is applied to the vacuum diaphragm. 2. If not correct, replace the vacuum diaphragm. Gartner Banana

TRANSMISSION K TRANSMISSION UNIT (INSTALLATION) Preparation SST Wrench d b For installation of torque converter bolts 1. On level ground, raise the vehicle and support it evenly on safety stands. 2. Install in the order shown in figure, referring to Installation Note. 3. Fill the transmission with the specified amount and type of the ATF after installation. 4. Warm up the engine, inspect for oil leakage, and verify correct transmission operation. 49 0259 440 Holder, rnainshaft For prevention of oil leakage Gartner Banana

TRANSMISSION K Installation Note Transmission Set the transmission onto the transmission jack, paying special attention not to damage the oil pipes. Make sure that the torque converter side of the transmission is tilted slightly upward. Torque converter bolts 1. Align the holes by turning the torque converter. 2. Lock the drive plate by using a screwdriver. 3. Hand-tighten the torque converter mounting bolts in a crisscross pattern. 4. Modify the torque converter mounting bolts tightening torque to allow for a torque wrench-SST combination (Refer to Section GI "Torque Formulas") 5. Tighten the torque converter mounting bolts by using the SST. Tightening torque: 35-49 N-m (3.5-5.0 kgf-m, 26--36 ft-lbf) Power plant frame (PPF) 1. Support the transmission with a jack so that it is level. 2. Position the power plant frame and tighten the transmis- sion-side bolts by hand. 3. Verify that the sleeve is installed into the block. 4. Install the spacer and reamer bolts in the forward hole, and hand-tighten them. Gartner Banana

DIFFERENTIAL M DIFFERENTIAL OIL Inspection 1. Remove the filler plug. 2. Verify that the oil is at the bottom of the filler plug hole. If it is low, add the specified oil. 3. Install the filler plug. Tightening torque: 39-54 N.m (4.0-5.5 kgf.m, 29-40 ft4bf) Replacement 1. Remove the filler and drain plugs. 2. Drain the differential oil into a suitable container. 3. Wipe the plugs clean. 4. Install the drain plug and a new washer. Tightening torque: 39-54 N.m (4.0-5.5 kgf-m, 29-40 ft4bf) 5. Add the specified oil from the filler plug until the level reaches the bottom of the plug hole. Specified oil TY pe Above -18°C (0°F): API GL-5, SAE 90 Below -18°C (0°F): API GL-5, SAE 80 Capacity: 1 .OO L {I .06 US qt, 0.88 Imp qt) 6. lnstall the filler plug. Tightening torque: 39-54 N.m (4.0-5.5 kgf.m, 29--40 ft.lbf) OIL SEAL (OUTPUT SHAFT) Replacement 1. On level ground, Jack up the vehicle and support it on safety stands. 2. Drain the differential gear oil. 3. Mark the drive shaft and output shaft flanges for proper reassembly. 4. Remove the upper arm installation bolt and nut. Gartner Banana

DIFFERENTIAL M DIFFERENTIAL, STANDARD; DIFFERENTIAL, TORQUE SENSING LIMITED SLIP ("TORSEN" LSD) Removal 1 lnstallation 1. Drain the differential oil. ,, 2. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. 3. Install in the reverse order of removal, referring to lnstallation Note. 4. Add the specified oil to the specified level. 1. Rear wheels 7. Drive shafts 2. Differential mounting pipe Removal Note ............. page M-29 3. Exhaust pipe 8. Differential 4. Propeller shaft Removal Note ............. page M-29 Service ..................... section L Installation Note ........... page M-30 ' 5. Speedometer cable Overhaul .................. page M-32 ,, 6. Power plant frame (PPF), Differential mounting spacer Removal Note ............. page M-28 Installation Note ........... page M-30 Gartner Banana

N ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE Steering feels heavy - - Poor lubrication, foreign material, or abnormal wear of steering ball joint Stuck or damaged lower arm ball joints lmproper steering pinion preload Damaged steering gear Malfunctioning steering shaft joint Problem I lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment Possible Cause 1 Malfunctioning steering gear lncorrect tire pressure Loose or damaged oil pump drive belt Low fluid level or air in fluid I Leakage of fluid I Insufficient oil pump pressure Steering wheel pulls lncorrect tire pressure to one side Unevenly worn tires ( Weak front spring General instability while driving Worn or damaged stabilizer and/or upper or lower arm bushing Dragging brake Loose lower arm lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment lncorrect tire pressure Damaged or unbalanced wheel Worn or damaged steering joint(s) lmproper steering pinion preload Weak front coil spring Worn or damaged stabilizer and/or upper or lower arm bushing Malfunctioning shock absorber Cracked or worn engine mount Cracked or worn transmission mount Shake (Steering wheel vibrates up/ down) Shimmy (Steering wheel vibrates left1 right) lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment Excessive tire and/or wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel(s) Excessive steering wheel play Poor steering wheel return Cracked or worn steering gear mount Loose steering gear mounting bolts Stuck or damaged steering ball joint Excessive tire and/or wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel@) lncorrect tire pressure Unevenly worn tires Malfunctioning shock absorber Loose shock absorber mounting bolts Stuck or damaged lower arm ball joint Cracked or worn suspension bushings Damaged or worn front wheel bearing lmproperly adjusted front wheel alignment Worn steering gear Worn or damaged steering joints Worn or damaged lower arm bushing Loose steering gear mounting bolts Worn linkage or tie-rod ball joint lncorrect tire pressure Stuck or damaged steering joints lmproperly adjusted front wheel alignment lmproper steering pinion preload Ball joint not operating smoothly Steering shaft contacting something Action Lubricate or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Adjust Replace Adjust Adjust or replace Add fluid or bleed air Repair or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Repair Tighten or replace Adjust Adjust Adjust or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Adjust Replace Tighten Adjust or replace Replace Replace Replace Tighten Replace Replace Tighten Adjust or replace Adjust Replace Replace Tighten Replace Replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Tighten Replace Adjust Replace Adjust Adjust Replace Repair Pagelsection N-25 section R N-32 N-25 N- 9 section R N-25 section Q N-37 N-21,22 - N-34 section Q section Q section R section R section P section R section R section Q section Q N- 9 N-32 section R section R section R section R section Q section Q section Q section B section J N-26 N-25 N-25 section Q section Q section Q section Q section Q section R section R section R section R section M section R N-25 N- 9 section R N-25 N-25 section Q N- 9 section R N-32 N-25 N- 9 Gartner Banana