MERCEDES-BENZ CLS-Class 2014 W218 Repair Manual

60 seconds or until the drive
rorfront
passenger have fastene dtheir sea tbelts.
If the driver/fron tpassenger unfasten their
seat belt while the vehicle is in motion ,the
0013 seat belt warning lamp lights up and a
warning tones ounds again.
The warning tonec eases even if the driver or
front-passenger seat belt has still not been
fastened after 60 seconds. The 0013seat belt
warning lamp stops flashing but remains
illuminated.
After the vehicle comes to astandstill, the
warning toneisr eactivated and the seat belt
warning lamp 0013flashes again if the vehicle
speed again exceeds 15 mph (25 km/h).
The 0013 seat belt warning lamp only goes
out if:
R both the driver and the fron tpassenger
have fastened their seat belts.
or
R thev ehicle is stationar yand adoor is open.
i For mor einformatio nonthe0013 seat
belt warning lamp, see "Warning and
indicator lamps in th einstrumen tcluster,
seat belts" ( Ypage 265).
Emergency Tensionin gDevices, seat
belt force limiters G
WARNING
Pyrotechnic Emergency Tensioning Devices
that have been deployed are no longer
operational and are unable to perfor mtheir
intended protective function. This poses an
increased risk of injury or even fatal injury.
Therefore, have pyrotechnic Emergency
Tensioning Devices which have been
triggered immediately replaced at aqualified
specialist workshop.
! If the front-passenger seat is not
occupied, do not engage the seat belt
tongue in the buckle on the front-
passenger seat. Otherwise, the Emergency Tensioning Device could be triggered in the
event of an accident.
i Vehicles with PRE-SAFE ®
:E mergency
Tensioning Devices that are triggered by an
electric motor can be deployed as often as
desired and do not need to be replaced.
The front seat belts and the outer seat belts
in the rear are equipped with Emergency
Tensioning Devices and seat belt force
limiters.
The ETDs tighten the seat belts in an accident,
pulling them close against the body.
The ETDs do not correct incorrects eat
positions or incorrectly fastened seat belts.
The ETDs do not pull vehicle occupants back
towards the backrest.
The ETDs can only be activated when:
R the ignition is switched on
R the restraint systems are operational; see
"SRS warning lamp 0012"(Ypage 41)
R the belt tongue is engaged in the buckle on
each of the front seat belts.
The ETDs on the outside seats in the rear
compartmenta re triggeredindependently of
the lock status of the seat belts.
The ETDs are triggere ddepending on the type
and severity of an accident:
R if, in the event of ahead-on or rear-end
collision, the vehicl edecelerates or
accelerates rapidly in alongitudinal
direction during the initia lstages of the
impact
R if,int he event of asidei mpact ,onthe side
opposite the impact the vehicle
decelerates or accelerates rapidl yina
latera ldirection
R if,inc ertainsituations where the vehicle
rolls over ,the system determines that it
can provide additional protection
If the ETD sare deployed, you will hear abang,
and asmall amoun tofpowder may also be
released. Only in rare cases will the bang
affect your hearing. The powder that is
released generally does not constitute a Occupant safety
59Safety Z

health hazard and does not indicate that there
is
af ire in the vehicle. The dust might cause
some temporary breathing difficulty for
people with asthma or other breathing
trouble. To avoid this, you may wish to get out
of the vehicle as soon as it is safe to do so.
You can also open the window to allow fresh
air to enter the vehicle interior. The 0012SRS
warning lamp lights up.
If the seat belt is also equipped with aseat
belt force limiter and this is triggered, the
force exerted by the seat belt on the vehicle
occupant is reduced.
The seat belt force limiters for the front seats
are synchronized with the front air bags,
which take on apart of the deceleration force.
This results in the force exerted on the
occupant being distributed over agreater
area. Children in the vehicle
Child restraint systems
Important safety notes G
WARNING
According to accident statistics, children are
safer when properly restrained in the rear
seating positions than in the front seating
position. Thus, we strongly recommendt hat
children be placed in the rear seats whenever
possible. Regardless of seating position,
children 12 years old and under must be
seated and properly secured in an appropriate
infant restraint,t oddler restraint,orb ooster
seat recommended for the size and weight of
the child.
The infant or child restraint must be properly
secured with the vehicle's seat belt, the seat
belt and top tether strap, or lower anchors and
top tether strap, fully in accordance with the
child seat manufacturer's instructions.
Occupants, especially children, should always
sit as upright as possible, wear the seat belt
properly and use an appropriately sized infant
restraint,t oddler restraint,orb ooster seat recommended for the size and weight of the
child.
Children can be killed or seriously injured by
an inflating air bag. Note the following
important information when circumstances
require you to place
achild in the front
passenger seat:
R Your vehicle is equipped with air bag
technology designed to deactivate the front
passenger front air bag in your vehicle
when the system senses the weight of a
typical 12-month-old child or less along
with the weight of astandard appropriate
child restraint on the front passenger seat.
R For children larger than the typical
12-month-old child, the front passenger
front air bag may or may not be activated.
Always make sure the 000F000Bindicator
lamp is illuminated, indicatin gthat the front
passenger front air bag is deactivated.
R Ac hild in arear-facing child restraint on the
front passenger seat will be seriously
injured or even killed if the front passenger
front air bag inflates in acollision which
could occur under some circumstances,
even with the air bag technology installed
in your vehicle. The only means to
completely eliminate this risk is to never
place achild in arear-facing child restraint
in the front seat. We therefore strongly
recommendt hat you always place achild
in ar ear-facing child restraint in abackseat.
R If you must install arear-facing child
restraint on the front passenger seat
because circumstances require you to do
so, make sure the 000F000Bindicator
lamp is illuminated, indicatin gthat the front
passenger front air bag is deactivated.
Should the 000F000Bindicator lamp not
illuminat eorgoo ut while the restraint is
installed, please chec kinstallation.
Periodically check the 000F000Bindicator
lamp while drivin gtomake sure the 000F
000B indicator lamp is illuminated. If the
000F000Bindicator lamp goes out or
remain sout, do not transport achild on the 60
Children in thev
ehicleSafety

front passenger sea
tuntil the system has
been repaired.
Ac hild in arear-facing child restraint on the
front passenger seat will be seriously
injured or even killed if the front passenger
front air bag inflates.
R If you have to place achild in aforward-
facing child restraint on the front passenger
seat, move the seat as far back as possible,
use the proper child restraint
recommended for the age, size and weight
of the child, and secure child restraint with
the vehicle's seat belt according to the
child seat manufacturer's instructions. G
WARNING
If the child restraint system is installed
incorrectly on asuitable seat, it cannot
protect as intended. The child cannot then be
restrained in the event of an accident, heavy
braking or sudden changes of direction. There
is an increased risk of injury, possibly even
fatal.
Make sure that you observe the child restraint
system manufacturer's installation
instructions and the notes on use. Please
ensure, that the base of the child restraint
system is always resting completely on the
seat cushion. Never place objects, e.g.
cushions, under or behind the child restraint
system. Only use child restraint systems with
the original cover designed for them. Only
replace damaged covers with genuine covers. G
WARNING
If the child restraint system is installed
incorrectly or is not secured, it can come
loose in the event of an accident, heavy
braking or asudden change in direction. The
child restraint system could be thrown about,
strikingv ehicle occupants. There is an
increased risk of injury, possibly even fatal.
Always install child restraint systems
properly, even if they are not being used.
Make sure that you observe the child restraint system manufacturer's installation
instructions.
G
WARNING
Child restraint systems or their securing
systems which have been damaged or
subjected to aload in an accident can no
longer protect as intended. The child cannot
then be restrained in the event of an accident,
heavy braking or sudden changes of direction.
There is an increased risk of injury, possibly
even fatal.
Replace child restraint systems which have
been damaged or subjected to aload in an
accident as soon as possible. Have the
securing systems on the child restraint
system checked at aqualified specialist
workshop, before you install achild restraint
system again. G
WARNING
Infantsa nd small children should never share
as eat belt with another occupant. In the event
of an accident, they could be crushed
between the occupant and seat belt.
Ac hild's risk of serious or fatal injuries is
significantly increased if the child restraints
are not properly secured in the vehicle and/
or the child is not properly secured in the child
restraint.
Children that are too large for achild restraint
must travel in seats using normal seat belts.
Position the shoulder belt across the chest
and shoulder, not the face or neck.Ab ooster
seat may be necessary to achieve proper seat
belt positioning for children over 41 lbs
(18 kg )until they reach aheight where alap/
shoulder belt fit sproperly without abooster
seat.
When th echild restraint is no tinuse, remove
it from the vehicle or secure it with the seat
belt to prevent the child restraint from
becoming aprojectile in the event of an
accident. Children in the vehicle
61Safety Z

G
WARNING
If children are left unsupervised in the vehicle,
they could:
R open the doors, thus endangering other
people or road users.
R get out and disrupt traffic.
R operate the vehicle's equipment.
Additionally, children coul dset the vehicl ein
motion if, for example, they:
R release the parking brake.
R shifting the automatic transmission out of
park position P
R Start the engine.
There is arisk of an accident and injury.
When leaving the vehicle, alwayst ake the
SmartKey with you and lock the vehicle. Never
leave children or animals unattended in the
vehicle. Always keep the SmartKey out of
reach of children. G
WARNING
If persons, particularl ychildren are subjected
to prolonged exposure to extreme heator
cold ,there is ariskofi njury ,possibl yeven
fatal. Never leave children unattende dinthe
vehicle. G
WARNING
If the child restraint system is subjected to
direct sunlight, parts may get very hot.
Children ma yburn themselves on these parts,
particularly on the metal parts of the child
restraint system. There is arisk of injury.
If you leave the vehicle, takin gthe child with
you, alway sensure that the child restraint
system is not exposed to direct sunlight.
Protec titwithablanket ,for example. If the
child restraint system has been exposed to
direct sunlight, let it cool down before
securing the child in it. Never leave children
unattended in the vehicle. If an infan
torchild is traveling in the vehicle:
R Secure the child with achild or infant seat
restraint system appropriate to the age and
weight of the child.
R Make sure that the infant or child is
properly secured at all times while the
vehicle is in motion.
Mercedes-Ben zrecommends that you always
properly secure all infants and children with
ac hild or infan tseat restraint system for the
trip.
The use of seat belts and infan tand child
restraint system sisrequired by la win:
R all50s tates
R the U.S. territories
R the District of Columbia
R allC anadia nprovinces
Infants and children must alwaysbes eated in
an appropriate infant or child restraint system
recommende dfor the size and weight of the
child .The infant or child restraint system
must be properly secured in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions.
All infant or child restraint systems must meet
the following standards:
R U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standards 213 and 225
R CanadianM otor Vehicle Safety Standards
213 and 210.2
Confirmation that the child restraint system
corresponds to the standards can be found
on an instruction label on the child restraint
system. This confirmation can also be found
in the installation instructions that are
included with the child restraint system.
Always read and follow the manufacturer's
instructions when using an infant or child
restraint system or booster seat.
Observe the warning labels in the vehicle
interior or on the infant or child restraint. 62
Children in the vehicleSafety

Special seat belt retractor
G
WARNING
If the seat belt is released while driving, the
child restraint system will no longer be
secured properly. The special seat belt
retractor is disabled and the inertia real draws
in ap ortion of the seat belt. The seat belt
cannot be immediately refastened. There is
an increased risk of injury, possibly even fatal.
Stop the vehicle immediately, paying
attention to road and traffic conditions.
Reactivate the special seat belt retractor and
secure the child restraint system properly.
All seat belts except the driver's seat belt are
equipped with aspecial seat belt retractor.
When activated, the special seat belt
retractor ensures that the seat belt will not
slacken once the child restraint system has
been secured.
Installing achild restraint system:
X Always comply with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
X Pull the seat belt smoothly from the seat
belt retractor.
X Engage the seat belt tongue in the belt
buckle.
Activating the special seat belt retractor:
X Pull the seat belt out fully and let the seat
belt retractor retract it again.
While the seat belt is retracting, you should
hear aratcheting sound. The special seat
belt retractor is activated.
X Push down on the child restraint system to
take up any slack.
Removing achild restraint system/
deactivating the special seat belt retractor:
X Always comply with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
X Press the seat belt release button and
guide the belt tongue to the belt outlet.
The special seat belt retractor is
deactivated. LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child seat anchors
in the rear G
WARNING
LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child restraint systems
do not offer sufficient protective effect for
children whose weight is greater than 48 lbs
(22 kg). The child could, for example, not be
restrained correctly in the event of an
accident. This poses an increased risk of
injury or even fatal injury.
If the child weighs more than 48 lbs (22 kg),
also secure the LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child
restraint system with the vehicle seat belt.
Also secure the child restraint system with the
Top Tether belt, if available.
When installing achild restraint system, be
sure to observe the manufacturer's
installation instructions and the instructions
for correctu se of the child restraint system. Securing ring
When installing the LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child
restraint system, fold protective caps 0010of
securing rings 001Ainwards.
X Install the LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child seat
securing system. Comply with the
manufacturer's instructions when
installing.
The LATCH-type (ISOFIX) system is a
standardized securing system for specially
designed child restraint systems on the rear
seats. Securing rings for two LATCH-type
(ISOFIX) child restraint systems are installed
on the left and right of the rear seats. Children in the vehicle
63Safety Z

Secure child restraint systems withou
ta
LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child seat securing
system using the seat belts in the vehicle.
When installing child restraint systems, you
must observe the manufacturer's installation
instructions.
Top Tether Top Tether anchorages
G
WARNING
Alway slock the rear seat backrests in their
upright positio nwhen the rear seats are
occupied by passengers. Lock the rear seat
backrests in their upright position before
installing the Top Tether straps or when the
cargo compartmentisn ot in use. Make sure
that rear seat backrests are secured properly
by pushing and pulling on the seat backrests.
If the seat backrest is not locked properly, the
seat backrest could fold forward. The child
restraint system is no longer supported
properly or held in position and can no longer
fulfill its function. This could cause serious or
even fatal injuries. Top Tether provides an additional connection
between
achild restraint system, secured
with aLATCH-type (ISOFIX) child seat mount,
and the rear seat. This helps reduce the risk
of injury even further.
The Top Tether anchorage points are located
in the rear compartmentb ehind the head
restraints.
X Move head restraint 001Aupwards.
X Fold up cover 0010of Top Tether anchorage
0024.
X Route Top Tether belt 001Eunder head
restraint 001Abetween the two head restraint
bars.
X Hook Top Tether hook 0021intoT op Tether
anchorage 0024.
X Make sure that Top Tether belt 001Eis not
twisted.
X Fold down cover 0010of Top Tether
anchorage 0024.
X Slide down head restraint 001Auntil it
engages (Y page 101).
Make sure that you do not interfere with the
correct routin gofTop Tether belt 001E.
X Install the LATCH-type (ISOFIX) child
restraint system with Top Tether .Comply
with the manufacturer's installation
instructions when doing so. Make sure that
Top Tether belt 001Eis tight. Child-proof locks
Important safety notes G
WARNING
If children are left unsupervised in the vehicle,
they could:
R open the doors, thus endangering other
people or road users.
R get out and disrupt traffic.
R operate the vehicle's equipment. 64
Children in the vehicleSafety

Additionally, children could set the vehicl
ein
motion if, for example, they:
R release the parking brake.
R shifting the automatic transmission ou tof
park position P
R Start the engine.
There is arisk of an acciden tand injury.
When leaving the vehicle, always take the
SmartKey with you and lock the vehicle. Never
leave children or animals unattended in the
vehicle. Always keep the SmartKey out of
reach of children. G
WARNING
If persons, particularly children are subjected
to prolonged exposure to extreme heat or
cold, ther eisarisk of injury, possibly even
fatal. Never leave children unattended in the
vehicle. G
WARNING
If children are traveling in the vehicle, they
could:
R open doors, thus endangering other people
or road users
R exit the vehicle and be caught by oncoming
traffic
R operate vehicle equipment and become
trapped
There is arisk of an acciden tand injury.
Always activate the child-proof lock sand
override feature if children are traveling in the
vehicle. When leaving the vehicle, always take
the key with you and lock the vehicle. Never
leave children unattended in the vehicle.
You can activate the following child-proof
locks:
R rear doors (Y page 65)
R rear side windows (Y page 65) Child-proof locks for the rear doors G
WARNING
Children could open arear door from inside
the vehicle. This could result in serious
injuries or an accident. Therefore, when
children ride in the rear always secure the rear
doors with the child-proof locks. You secure each door individually with the
child-proof lock
sonthe rear doors. Adoor
secured with achild-proof lock cannot be
opened from inside the vehicle. When the
vehicle is unlocked, the door can be opened
from the outside.
X To activate: press the child-proof lock
lever up in the direction of arrow 001A.
X Make sure that the child-proof locks are
working properly.
X To deactivate: press the child-proof lock
lever down in the direction of arrow 0010.
Overrid efeature for the rear side
windows G
WARNING
When children ride on the vehicle's rear seats,
activate the override switch. Otherwise, the
children could be injured, e.g. by trapping
themselves in the rear side window. Children in the vehicle
65Safety Z

X
To activate/deactivate: press button0010.
If indicator lamp 001Ais lit, operatio nofthe
rear side windows is disabled. Operation is
only possible using the switches in the
driver's door. If indicator lamp 001Ais off,
operation is possible using the switches in
the rear compartment. Driving safety systems
Overview of driving safety systems
In this section, you will find information about
the following driving safety systems:
R ABS ( Anti-lock BrakingSystem)
(Y page 66)
R BAS ( Brake Assist System) (Y page 67)
R BAS PLUS ( BrakeAssist System Plus)
(Y page 67)
R ESP ®
(Electronic StabilityProgram)
(Y page 68)
R EBD ( Electronic Brake force Distribution)
(Y page 71)
R ADAPTIVE BRAKE (Y page 72)
R PRE-SAFE ®
Brake (Y page 72) Important safety notes
If you fail to adapt your driving style or
become distracted, the driving safety
systems can neither reduce the risk of
accident nor override the laws of physics.
Driving safety systems are merely aids
designed to assist driving. You are responsible for the distance to the vehicle in
front,f
or vehicle speed and for braking in
good time. Always adapt your driving style to
suit the prevailing road, weather and traffic
conditionsa nd maintain asafe distanc efrom
th ev ehicle in front. Drive carefully.
i The driving safety systems describe donly
work as effectivel yaspossible when there
is adequat econtac tbetween th etires and
th er oad surface. Pleas epay special
attentio ntothenote sont ires,
recommende dminimu mtire tread depths,
etc .(Ypage 334).
In wintry drivin gconditions, always use
winter tires (M+S tires) and if necessary,
sno wchains. Only in this way will the
drivin gsafet ysystems described in this
section work as effectively as possible. ABS (Anti-lock Brakin
gSystem)
Important safety notes i
Observe the "Importan tsafet ynotes"
sectio n(Ypage 66). G
WARNING
If ABSisf aulty, the wheels could lock when
braking. The steerability and braking
characteristics may be severely impaired.
Additionally, further driving safety systems
are deactivated. There is an increased danger
of skidding and accidents.
Drive on carefully.H ave ABS checked
immediately at aqualified specialist
workshop.
When ABS is malfunctioning, other systems,
including driving safety systems, will also
become inoperative. Observe the information
on the ABS warning lamp (Y page 267) and
displaym essages which may be shown in the
instrument cluster (Y page 238).
ABS regulates brake pressure in such away
that the wheels do not lock when you brake.
This allows you to continue steering the
vehicle when braking. 66
Driving safety systemsSafety

ABS works fro
maspeed of abou t5mph
(8 km/h )upwar ds,regardless of road-surface
conditions .ABS works on slippery surfaces,
eve nify ou only brake gently.
The yellow 001CABS warning lamp in the
instrument cluster lights up when the ignition
is switched on. It goes out when the engine is
running.
Braking X
If ABS intervenes: continue to depress the
brake pedal vigorously until the braking
situation is over.
X To makeaf ull brake application:
depress the brake pedal with full force.
If ABS intervenes when braking, you will feel
ap ulsing in the brake pedal.
The pulsating brake pedal can be an
indication of hazardous road conditions, and
functions as areminder to take extrac are
while driving. BAS (Brake Assist System)
i Observe the "Important safety notes"
section (Y page 66). G
WARNING
If BAS is malfunctioning, the braking distance
in an emergenc ybraking situation is
increased. There is arisk of an accident.
In an emergenc ybraking situation, depress
the brake pedal with full force. ABS prevents
the wheels from locking.
BAS operates in emergenc ybraking
situations. If you depress the brake pedal
quickly, BAS automatically boosts the braking
force, thus shortening the stopping distance.
The brakes will function as usual once you
release the brake pedal. BAS is deactivated. BAS PLUS (Brake Assist System
PLUS)
General information i
Observe the "Important safety notes"
section (Y page 66).
BAS PLUS is only available in vehicles
equipped with DISTRONIC PLUS.
For BAS PLUS to assist you when driving, the
radar sensor system must be:
R activated (Y page 232)
R operational
With the help of the radar sensor system, BAS
PLUS can detect obstacles that are in the
path of your vehicle for an extended period of
time.
If the radar sensor system is malfunctioning,
BAS PLUS will not be available. The brake
system is still available with complete brake
boosting effect and BAS.
BAS PLUS provides braking assistance in
hazardous situations at speeds greater than
4m ph (7 km/h).
At speeds of up to approximately 40 mph
(70 km/h) ,BAS PLUS can also react to
stationary objects. Examples of stationary
object sare stopped or parked vehicles.
Important safety notes G
WARNING
BAS PLUS cannot alwaysc learly identify
object sand complex traffic situations. BAS
PLUS cannot intervene in these cases. There
is ar isk of an accident.
Always pay careful attention to the traffic
situation and be ready to brake. G
WARNING
BAS PLUS does not react:
R to people or animals
R to oncoming vehicles
R to crossin gtraffic
R when cornering Driving safety systems
67Safety
Z

As
aresult, BAS PLUS may not intervene in all
critical situations. There is arisk of an
accident.
Always pay careful attention to the traffic
situation and be ready to brake.
In particular, the detection of obstacles can
be impaired if there is:
R dirt on the sensor soranythin gelse
covering the sensors
R snow or heavy rain
R interference by other radar sources
R there are strong radar reflections, for
example in parking garages
R an arrow vehicle travelin ginfront, e.g. a
motorbike
R av ehicle travelin ginfrontonad ifferent line
relative to the center of your vehicle
Following damage to the fron tend of the
vehicle, have the configuratio nand operation
of the rada rsensor schecked at aqualified
specialist workshop. This also applies to
collisions at low speeds where ther eisno
visible damage to the fron tofthe vehicle.
Braking assistance To prevent
acollision with the vehicle in front,
BAS PLUS calculates the brake force
necessary if:
R you approach an obstacle, and
R BAS PLUS has detected arisk of collision
When driving at aspeed under 20 mph
(30 km/h):ify ou depress the brake pedal,
BAS PLUS is activated. The increase in brake
pressure will be carried out at the last
possible moment.
When driving at aspeed greater than
20 mph (30 km/h):ify ou depress the brake
pedal sharply, BAS PLUS automatically raises
the brake pressure to avalue adapted to the
traffic situation.
If BAS PLUS demands particularly high
braking force, preventative passenger protection measures (PRE-SAFE
®
)a re
activated simultaneously.
X Keep the brake pedal depressed until the
emergenc ybraking situation is over.
ABS prevent sthe wheels from locking.
BAS PLUS is deactivated and the brakes
function as usual if:
R you release the brake pedal
R there is no longer arisk of collision
R no obstacle is detected in front of your
vehicle ESP
®
(Electronic Stability Program)
Important safety notes i
Observe the "Important safety notes"
section (Y page 66). G
WARNING
If ESP ®
is malfunctioning, ESP ®
is unable to
stabilize the vehicle. Additionally, further
driving safety systems are deactivated. This
increases the risk of skidding and an accident.
Drive on carefully. Have ESP ®
checked at a
qualified specialist workshop.
! Vehicles with 4MATIC: switch off the
ignition when the parking brake is being
tested on abrake dynamometer.
Application of the brakes by ESP ®
may
otherwise destroy the brake system.
Vehicles without 4MATIC: observe the notes
on ESP ®
(Y page 330) when towing the
vehicle with araised rear axle.
ESP ®
is deactivated if the 0009warning lamp
in the instrument cluster lights up
continuously when the engine is running.
If the 0011 warning lamp and the 0009
warning lamp are lit continuously, ESP ®
is not
available due to amalfunction.
Observe the information on warning lamps
(Y page 269) and display messages which
may be shown in the instrument cluster
(Y page 238). 68
Driving safety systemsSafety