clutch MITSUBISHI ECLIPSE 1990 Workshop Manual

21-36AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Mechanism3RD GEAR
Forward
,sun gear
I, CarrierEndclutch
Front clutch
Reverse
Angear
17soo60
,When the shift is in
3rd gear in the “D” range, the rear clutch and the
front clutch are actuated. and other elements are all released.Therefore, driving force is transmitted from the forward sun gear and
the reverse sun gear.
Since the short and long pinions rotate in the same direction, they are
placed under a locked condition, causing the planetary gear set to
rotate as one unit.
lThis means that the engine rotation is directly connected, setting the
ratio between the input to and output from the planetary gear set to
1:1. The reduction ratio of 3rd gear is achieved in this way.Note that the end clutch is aotuated to provide for smooth shift
change to 4th gear.&

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Mechanism21-37
‘EAR (Overdrive)
Kickdown brake
Long pinionCarrterEnd clutch
Reverse sun gear
AnLlus gear
175006l
When the shift is in 4th gear, the end clutch and the kickdown brake
are actuated, and driving force is transmitted from the input shaft
through to the planetary gear set to drive the
annulus gear (the output
flange) via the long pinion.
1
Since the reverse sun gear is fastened at this time, the long pinioniotates
whie revolving on the reverse sun gear in the same directiona?ihe
carrier.
The
annulus gear rotates more (Or faster) than in the case of 3rd gear
in proportion to the rotation of the long pinion. The gear ratio of
overdrive is achieved in this way.

21-38RNERSEAUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Mechanism
Low/Reverse brakeLong pinion
\I
IFront clutchIReverse sun gearIAnnulus
l
IWhen the shift is in
reverse.gear, driving force is transmitted to the
reverse sun gear because the front clutch is actuated.-1
And the low reverse brake is also actuated, fastening the planetan/
gear set carrier. This means that the driving force is conveyed from
the reverse sun gear (clockwise) through the long pinion (counter-
clockwise) to the
annulus gear (counterclockwise).*
/
- ~~_~
Since the carrier is fastened at this time, the long pinion’s
fixed, causing the long pinion to function as an idler gear. The
counterclockwise rotation and reduction ratio of back gear are
obtained in this way.

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Mechanism21-41
YWNSAXLE CONTROL
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Hydraulic-pressure
control mechanism
Electronic
control-
r
1Pulse oenerator A
DanI
iI11. . . .
control solenola
valve
Pressure controlsolenoid valve
Shift cOntrOisolenoid valve
r-7i1
Diagnosis
connector
Ft2iFu~The transaxle control system is composed of
various type of sensors, the transaxle control
unit.and the hydraulic control device, and it functions for
(1) damper clutch control, (2) shift pattern
Control.and (3) hydraulic control, during shifting.
%, In other words, data signals received
fromthe
.$ various sensors enable the driving conditions to beJ-
sj.q’74:i.&f’detected, and, based upon the preset damper clutch
engaging range, shift pattern and hydraulic pattern,
the damper clutch control solenoid valve, the shift
Control solenoid valve and the pressure control
solenoid valve are driven, which assures that a good“feeling” during shifting is maintained.

21-42AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Control
ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE
DAMPER CLUTCH CONTROL
The damper clutch is engaged or disengaged
according to the “map” stored in the transaxle
control unit.
This map is composed as the parameters of the
vehicle speed and the degree of throttle opening,
and somewhat approximates, in the main, the
diagram below.
When the control unit detects, as a result of the
signals from the sensor, that both throttle opening
and vehicle speed have reached the damper clutch
activation area, duty control of the damper clutch
control solenoid valve is activated, thereby activat-
ing the damper clutch.
The damper clutch is regulated so that it slips
slightly, although it is
possible to increase the
Damper clutch activation conditions
1. Shift range:
2nd to 4th gear
2. Oil temperature: 60°C (l4oOF) or higher
3. Not a sudden downshift
IOCamount of slippage by duty signals from the control
unit. The control unit functions to calculate the
amount of slippage, and performs duty control so
that the amount becomes close to the target
amount of slippage (as set beforehand).
The relationship between the hydraulic-pressure
circuit and the damper clutch control solenoid valve
is described in the later section concerning the
hydraulic control system; please refer to page
21-59.For detailed information concerning duty ,control,
this is described in the later section concerning the
hydraulic pressure control during shifting; please
refer to page 21-45,
Damper clutch activation area
Vehicle speed

‘4) Once the operation is step (2) is completed, the
hydraulic control device functions by hydraulic
pressure force to change the state of the
clutches and brakes to accomplish the gear
shifting. To minimize the shock that would
otherwise be produced during gear shifting,
hydraulic pressure is controlled during the gear
shifting period by the “duty control” of the
pressure control solenoid valve. The duty control
is explained later.
‘HYDRAULIC PRESSURE CONTROL DURING
SHFIING(1) The hydraulic pressure that functions during
gear shifting to engage the clutches and apply
the brakes is regulated by the pressure control
valve, The hydraulic pressure that works on the
pressure control valve is further regulated by the
pressure control solenoid valve which functions
under the control of the transaxle control unit.
The transaxle control unit controls the solenoid
valve through the duty control, thus providing
appropriate regulation of the hydraulic pressure.
(2)
(3)
(4)The transaxle control unit decides the timing of
the gear shifting period (during which ‘it per-
forms hydraulic pressure control for gear shift-
ing) according to the change in the kickdown
drum rotating speed that it detects. The unit
identifies the time just before the kickdown
brake is applied and uses that as the timing for
initiating control of the hydraulic pressure which
is to be applied to the kickdown brake.
When the transaxle is cold, the fluid viscosity is
high, causing slower oil pressure response. in
such conditions, the transaxle control unit pro-
vides a correction for the oil pressure by
changing the control duty of the pressure control
solenoid valve.
This control is performed when the fluid temper-
atures as indicated by the oil temperature
sensor is lower than
60°C (140°F).After the engine has been started and the
vehicle is inmotion, the transaxle
continues torefine its performance
est possiblegear shifting.control unit
for smooth-
tHFigure B
- Duty(%)
17500661750067
Duty ControlThe transaxle control unit outputs the pressureone cycle period
T (28.6 ms), expressed in a
control solenoid valve drive pulses as shown inpercentage, as obtained by the following
formula:
Figure A. These pulses drive the pressure
COrmIsolenoid valve at a frequency of
35Hz (one Cycleperiod
T = 28.6 ms). Change in hydraulic pressure iSDuty =t/-r x 100
achieved by changing the pulse duration
“t”. Such aIn Figure A, Vp and tp represent the voltage and
method of control is called “duty control” in thetime at which the solenoid valve is over-excited for
sense that the more the duty or the pulse duration
more rapid valve operation, while V,, and t+., repre-
“t” is, the lower the hydraulic pressure becomesSent the v,oltage and the time at which the solenoid(Figure
B).Valve is maintained in an excited state.
Duty: The ratio of the power supply duration
“t” to

---21-46AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
- Transaxle Control
Figure A
IICITime (sec.)f
IiFigureB ,
II
cGear Shift Operation
(3rd to 4th)While the vehicle is being drive in
3rd gear, the gear ratio is I :1; that is, the torque converter turbine rotating speed, i.e. the
input shaft rotating speed
(NT), the kickdown drum rotating
speed
(No) and the transfer drive gear rotating speed (No) are
all the same.
Let us explain the
3rd to 4th gear shift at this point, as it is easy
to understand.
In Figure A, the single horizontal line extending to the point in
time “c” indicates the rotating speeds No,
NT and No when
driving in
3rd gear. It shows that they are all the same in this
situation. If the vehicle accelerates at point “C”, both
No and
NT begin to decrease.
The shift from
3rd to 4th, as expressed in other terms, means
that the front clutch and rear clutch are both released, and thekickdown brake is applied. Here, let’s discuss the behavior of
the kickdown brake whose operation is detectable electrically.
When the kickdown brake begins to be applied the kickdown
drum rotating speed gradually decrease and becomes zero
when it is completely tightened. The transaxle control unit
identifies the period from the time the kickdown rotating speed
begins to decrease to the time when it becomes zero as the
gear shifting period.
Next, let’s talk about the hydraulic pressure control performed
by the pressure control solenoid valve by referring to Figure B.
The point “a”is the time ‘when a signal is sent from tbg
transaxle control unit to the shift control solenoid
viinstructing the valve to start the pressure control operation tor
gear shifting.
In response to the signal, the shift control valve operates to
create the 4th speed pressure and causes the kickdown brake
to begin its operation. The kickdown servo switch contacts,
which have been closed, open just before the brake begins to
be applied. This point of time is represented by “b” in the
figure. Using this kickdown servo switch contact open signal,
the transaxle control unit begins the duty control of the
pressure control solenoid valve.
The duty at the point “b” is determined with reference to the
throttle valve opening, so that the gear shifting can be
completed smoothly without shock.
At the same time when application of the kickdown brake
starts at point “c”, the hydraulic pressure acting on the brake
begins increasing by.degrees (i.e. duty is decreased) to tighten
the kickdown drum. Once the brake is totally applied, the drum
stops rotating at point “d”.
On detection of the stopping of the drum, the transaxle control
unit gives order to maintain the hydraulic pressure at a
maximum.

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Control21-47
+TFWNSAXLE CONTROL UNIT
Part b!o. and Ident. No.17504The transaxle control unit functions, based upon the data
signals from the various sensors, to drive the shift controlsolenoid valves “A” and
“B”, and the pressure control solenoid
valve, and to make shifting pattern control and hydraulic
pressure control during shifting.
The transaxle control unit is installed within the passengercompartment, at the lower part of the heater unit.
Connections of the transaxle control unit’s terminals” and
sensors with the drive devices are as described below.
Terminal No.Terminal No.
1Diagnosis control51Pulse generator “A”
2Overdrive control switch52Pulse generator “B”
3Inhibitor switch e R U53Sensor ground
4Inhibitor switch “D”
54Power supply (for sensor)
5Inhibitor switch “L”55 -
6Damper clutch control solenoid valve56Power supply (for backup)
7Shift control solenoid valve “B”57Pulse generator “A”
8Accelerator switch58Pulse generator “B”
9Power/Economy select switch59Kickdown servo switch
10Ground60Throttle position sensor output
11Power supply61Vehicle speed sensor
12Inhibitor switch “P”62Oil temperature sensor
13Inhibitor switch “N”63Ground
14inhibitor switch “2”
15Pressure control solenoid valve
16Shift control solenoid valve “A”
17
-
18Ignition pulse signal
19Diagnosis output
20Air conditioner relay signal
rACCELERATOR SWITCH
The accelerator switch is installed on the upper portion of the
accelerator pedal.
The accelerator switch closes its contacts when the accelera-
tor is totally closed (or the accelerator pedal is completelyreieasedj‘and sends on ON signal to the transaxle control unit.
When the accelerator is depressed, it send an OFF signal to the
transaxle control unit. Whiie the switch is kept ON, for example
when the vehicle is stationary with the accelerator pedal
completely released, the vehicle remains in
2nd gear, but if the
accelerator pedal is depressed sending the accelerator switch
OFF signal to the transaxle control unit, the unit sends a signal
to the shift control solenoid valve instructing it to cause a
downshift to 1 st, thereby producing maximum acceleration.
When the vehicle is stationary, the gear is kept in the .2nd,
which produces an adequate creeping force and also de-.
creases vibrations.

-21-54AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
- Transaxle Control
Output code
Diagnosis item
Remarks
JO.Display pattern
Open circuit in pressure control solenoid
Fail-safe item
a5 nnnn valveShort circuit in pressure control solenoid
Fail-safe item
46 m valve12A0105Damaged or disconnected wiring of theDuty control is stopped after
47 nnru7_nnnnnnndamper clutch control solenoid valvegeneration.
Short-circuit of the damper clutch controlDuty control is stopped after
48 m solenord valvegeneration.
Malfunction of the damper clutch controlDuty control is stopped after
49 J- systemgeneration.
1 st gear out of synchronizationFail-safe item
51n
2nd gear out of synchronizationFail-safe iteml52n
3rd gear out of synchronizationFail-safe item
53 m4th gear out of synchronization
Fail-safe item
54
uuum12Ao106

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE - Transaxle Control21-55HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM
Reaction shaft
support
BushingThe hydraulic control system consists of an oil pump which
generates hydraulic pressure for the system, and valves and
solenoid valves to control the pressure or switch the oil
passages. The valves and solenoid valves are all built in the
valve body.
OIL PUMPOil pump generates the pressure for supplying oil to the torque
converter, for lubricating frictional parts of the planetary gear
set and the overrunning clutch, etc., and for activating the
hydraulic control system.
The pump is of the inner-teeth engaging involute gear type. It
always generates the oil pressure when the engine is running
since the drive gear
is driven by 2 pawls of the pump drive hub
welded at the center of the torque converter shell.