engine NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Service Manual

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
for CONSULT

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NISSANCONSULT EE940
+

I
~

I

START

I
SUB
MODE

I

SEF253Q CONSULT
CONSULT INSPECTION PROCEDURE

1. Turn offignition switch.
2. Connect "CONSULT" toData linkconnector forCONSULT.
(Data linkconnector forCONSULT islocated behindthefuse
box cover.)
3. Turn onignition switch.
4. Touch "START".

+:
Program card
AE930: ForAustralia
5. Touch "ENGINE",

~ SELECT~S=Y=S=TE=M====
ENGINE
SEF895K
~ SELECT DIAGMODE
[i]

WORK SUPPORT
SELF-DIAG RESULTS
DATA MONITOR
ACTIVE TEST
ECM PART NUMBER
FUNCTION TEST
SEF136P
6.
Perform eachdiagnostic testmode according toeach ser-
vice procedure.
For further information, seetheCONSULT Operation Manual.

EC-254

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Coni'd)
ECCS COMPONENT PARTS/CONTROL SYSTEMSAPPLICATION
DIAGNOSTIC TESTMODE
SELF.
Item WORKDlAG.
DATAACTIVEFUNCTION
SUPPORT NOSTICMONITOR TESTTEST
RESULTS
Camshaft positionsensor XX
Mass airflow sensor XX
Engine coolant temperature sensor XX
X
Heated oxygen sensor X
X
Vehicle speedsensor X
X
Throttle positionsensor X
XX X
INPUT Knocksensor X

lJ)

~ Ignitionswitch(startsignal) X
X
a:

<

0-
Airconditioner switch X
~

z
Park/Neutralpositionswitch X
X

w

z

0
Powersteering oilpressure switch X
X

0-

:!
X

0
Battery
voltage

0

lJ)
Injectors XX
X

0
0
X(Ignition

w

Powertransistor (Iynitiontiming) X
XX
X
signal)
IACV-AAC valve XX
XX
OUTPUT Air
conditioner relay X
Fuel pump relay XXX
X
Cooling fan X
X
X
EGR valve
&
EVAP canister purge

X
X
X
control solenoid valve
X: Applicable
EC-255
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
FUNCTION
Diagnostictestmode Function
A technician canadjust somedevices
Work support
fasterandmore accurately byfollowing
indications onCONSULT.
Self-diagnostic results Self-diagnostic
resultscanberead and
erased quickly.
Data monitor
Input/Outputdatainthe ECM canberead.
CONSULT drivessomeactuators apart
Active test fromtheECM's andalso shifts some
parameters inaspecified range.
ECM partnumbers
ECMpartnumbers canberead.
Conducted byCONSULT insteadofatech-
Function test
niciantodetermine whethereachsystem
is "OK" or"NG".
WORK SUPPORT MODE
WORK ITEM
CONDITION USAGE
THRTL POSSENADJ
CHECKTHETHROTTLE POSITIONSENSORSIGNAL. Whenadjusting throttleposition
ADJUST ITTO THE SPECIFIED VALUEBYROTATING
sensorinitialposition
THE SENSOR BODYUNDER THEFOLLOWING CONDI-
TIONS .
• IGN SW"ON"
• ENG NOTRUNNING
• ACC PEDAL NOTPRESSED
IGNITION TIMINGADJ
•IGNITION TIMINGFEEDBACK CONTROLWILLBE
Whenadjusting initialignition
HELD BYTOUCHING "START".AFTERDOINGSO, timing
ADJUST IGNITION TIMINGWITHATIMING LIGHTBY
TURNING THECAMSHAFT POSITIONSENSOR.
IACV-AAC VALVEADJ
SETENGINE SPEEDATTHE SPECIFIED VALUEUNDER
Whenadjusting idlespeed
THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS.
• ENGINE WARMED UP
• NO-LOAD
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE •FUEL PUMP WILLSTOP BYTOUCHING "START"
Whenreleasing fuelpressure
DURING IDLING.
fromfuelline
CRANK AFEW TIMES AFTER ENGINE STALLS
EC-256

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC MODE
Regarding itemsdetected in"SELF-DiAG RESULTS"mode,referto"Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC)
Chart". (Seepage EC-268.)
DATA MONITOR MODE

Monitored item ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
CMPS.RPM •Indicates theengine speedcomputed •
Accuracy becomespoorifengine
(REF) [rpm] fromtheREF signal (180'signal) of speeddropsbelow theidle rpm.

0 0
the
camshaft positionsensor. •
Ifthe signal isinterrupted whilethe
engine isrunning, anabnormal value
may beindicated .
MAS AIR/FL SE[V]

0 0
•
The sig~al voltage ofthe mass air •
When theengine isstopped, acertain
flow sensor isdisplayed. valueisindicated .
COOLAN TEMP/S •
The engine coolant temperature •
When theengine coolant temperature
rOC] orrF] (determined
bythe signal voltage ofsensor
isopen orshort-circuited,

0 0
the
engine coolant temperature sen-ECMenters fail-safe mode.The
sor) isdisplayed. engine
coolant temperature deter-
mined bythe ECM isdisplayed .

02
SEN [V]

00
•
The signal voltage ofthe heated oxy-
gen sensor isdisplayed.
M/R F/CMNT •
Display ofheated oxygen sensorsig-•
After turning ONthe ignition switch,
[RICH/LEAN] nal
during air-fuel ratiofeedback con-"RICH"
isdisplayed untilair-fuel mix-
trol: ture
ratio feedback controlbegins.
RICH ...means themixture became •
When theair-fuel ratiofeedback is

0 0
"rich",
andcontrol isbeing affected clamped,
thevalue justbefore the
toward aleaner mixture. clamping
isdisplayed continuously.
LEAN ...means themixture became
"lean", andcontrol isbeing affected
toward arich mixture .
VHCL SPEED SE •
The vehicle speedcomputed fromthe
[km/h] or[mph]

00
vehicle
speedsensor signalisdis-
played .
SA TTERY VOLT[V]

0 0
•
The power supply voltage ofECM is
displayed .
THRTL POSSEN [V]

0 0
•
The throttle position sensorsignal
voltage isdisplayed.
START SIGNAL •
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe•
After starting theengine, [OFF]isdis-
[ON/OFF]
00
starter
signal. played
regardless ofthe starter sig-
nal.
CLSD THLIPOSI •
Indicates theclosed throttle position
[ON/OFF] [ON/OFF]
determined bythe throttle

0 0
position
sensorsignal.
ON: Closed throttle position
OFF: Other thanclosed throttle
position

NOTE:

Any monitored itemthatdoes notmatch thevehicle beingdiagnosed isdeleted fromthedisplay auto-
matically.

EC-257
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)

Monitored item ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
AIR COND SIG •Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF]
00
air
conditioner switchasdetermined
by the airconditioning signal.
PIN POSI SW

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe
[ON/OFF] park/neutralpositionswitchsignal.
PW/ST SIGNAL •Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF]
00
power
steering oilpressure switch
determined bythe power steering oil
pressure signal.
INJ PULSE [msec]

0
•
Indicates theactual fuelinjection •
When theengine isstopped, acertain
pulse widthcompensated byECM computedvalueisindicated.
according tothe input signals.
IGN TIMING [BTDC]

0
•
Indicates theignition timingcomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
IACV-AACIV
[%]
•Indicates theidle aircontrol valve

0
(AAC
valve) control valuecomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
A/F ALPHA [%J •Indicates themean valueofthe air- •When theengine isstopped, acertain

0
fuel
ratio feedback correction factor valueisindicated.
per cycle. •This dataalsoincludes thedata for
the air-fuel ratiolearning control.
AIR COND RLY •Indicates theairconditioner relay
[ON/OFF]
0
control
condition (determined byECM
according tothe input signal).
FUEL PUMP RLY •Indicates thefuel pump relaycontrol
[ON/OFFJ
0
condition
determined byECM accord-
ing tothe input signals.
COOLING FAN
•Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
[HI/LOW/OFFJ coolingfans(determined byECM

0
according
tothe input signal).
HI ...High speed operation
LOW ...Low speed operation
OFF ...Stopped
EGRC SOLIV •Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
[ON/OFFJ EGR
valve
&
EVAP canister Purge
control solenoid valve(determined by

0
ECM
according tothe input signal).
ON ...EGR andEVAP canister purge
operation cut-off
OFF ...EGR andEVAP canister purge
operation notcut-off
VOLTAGE •Voltage measured bythe voltage
[V] probe.
PULSE •Pulse width, frequency orduty cycle •Only "#"isdisplayed ifitem is
[msec] or[Hz] or
measuredbythe pulse probe. unabletobe measured.

[%]
•Figures with"#"s aretemporary
ones. Theyarethesame figures as
an actual pieceofdata which wasjust
previously measured.

EC-258

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)
ACTIVE TESTMODE

TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENTCHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
FUEL INJECTION trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
•Fuel injectors
• Change theamount offuel
seeCHECK ITEM.
•Heated oxygen sensor
injection usingCONSULT .
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle
IACV-AACIV the
engine.
Enginespeedchanges according •Harness andconnector
OPENING •
Change theIACV-AAC valve
tothe opening percent. •
IACV-AAC valve
opening percentusingCON-
SULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
ENG COOLANT trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears, •
Engine coolant temperature
• Change theengine coolant
.

TEMP see
CHECK ITEM. sensor
temperature indicationusing
•Fuel injectors
CONSULT .
• Engine: Returntothe original
trouble condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
IGNITION TIMING•Timing light:Set •
Adjust initialignition timing
• Retard theignition timingusingsee
CHECK ITEM.
CONSULT.
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle •
Harness andconnector
the engine. •
Compression
POWER
•
AIC
switch "OFF"
Enginerunsrough ordies. •
Injectors
BALANCE •
Shift lever "N" •
Power transistor
• Cut offeach injector signalone •
Spark plugs
at atime using CONSULT . •
Ignition coils
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
COOLING FAN•
Turn thecooling fan"ON" andCooling
fanmoves andstops.
•Cooling fanmotor
"OFF" usingCONSULT .
• Ignition switch:ON(Engine
FUEL PUMP stopped)
Fuelpump relaymakes theoper- •
Harness andconnector
RELAY •
Turn thefuel pump relay"ON"
atingsound. •
Fuel pump relay
and "OFF" usingCONSULT
and listen tooperating sound.
EGRC •
Ignition switch:ON
• Turn solenoid valve"ON"and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
SOLENOID "OFF"withtheCONSULT andingsound. •
Solenoid valve
VALVE listentooperating sound.
SELF-LEARNING •
In this test, thecoefficient ofself-learning controlmixture ratioreturns tothe original coefficient by
CONT touching
"CLEAR" onthe screen.

EC-259
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)
FUNCTION TESTMODE

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION JUDGEMENTCHECKITEM(REMEDY)
ITEM
•Ignition switch:ON
SELF-DIAG (Enginestopped)
Objectivesystem

-

RESULTS •Displays theresults ofon-
board diagnostic system.
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped)
Throttlevalve:opened OFF
•Throttle position sensor
• Closed throttle position is
•Throttle position sensor
CLOSED THROTTLE testedwhenthrottle is
POSI opened
andclosed fully. adjustment
• Throttle linkage
(Closed throttleposition is
Throttle valve:closed
ON•
Verify operation inDATA
selected bythrottle posi-
MONITORmode.
tion sensor.)
• Ignition switch:ON •
Harness andconnector
• Throttle position sensor
(Engine stopped)
Range(Throttle valvefully •Throttle position sensor
THROTTLE POSI•Throttle position sensor
opened-Throttle valve More
than
adjustment
SEN CKT circuitistested when 3.QV
throttle isopened and fully
closed) •Throttle linkage
• Verify operation inDATA
closed fully.
MONITORmode.
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped) Out
ofN/P positions OFF
PARK/NEUT POSI•Inhibitor/Neutral position •
Neutral position switchor
SW CKT switch
circuit istested inhibitor
switch
when shiftlever ismanip-
InN/P positions ON•
Linkage orinhibitor switch
ulated . adjustment
• Ignition. switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
(Engine stopped)
•Fuel pump
FUEL PUMP •Fuel pump circuit istested
Thereispressure pulsation onthe fuel
•Fuel pump relay
CIRCUIT bychecking thepulsation feedhose.
in fuel pressure whenfuel •
Fuel filter clogging
tube ispinched . •
Fuel level
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine stopped)
•Harness andconnector
EGRC SOLIV •
EGR valve
&
EVAP canis-
Thesolenoid valvemakes anoperating •
EGR valve
&
EVAP canis-
CIRCUIT ter
purge control solenoid
soundevery3seconds. terpurge control solenoid
valve circuit istested by

.

valve
checking solenoidvalve
operating noise.
• Ignition switch:ON
COOLING FAN (Engine
stopped)
Thecooling fanrotates andstops every •
Harness andconnector
• Cooling fancircuit is •Cooling fanmotor
CIRCUIT testedwhencoaling fanis3
seconds.
•Cooling fanrelay
rotated.

EC-260

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION
ITEM JUDGEMENT
CHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Ignition switch:ON
->

START
• Start signal circuit is
tested whenengine is
started byoperating the
starter. Beforecranking,
START SIGNAL batteryvoltage andengine
Startsignal: OFF
->
ON •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT coolanttemperature are
•Ignition switch
displayed. During
cranking, averagebattery
voltage, massairflow
sensor outputvoltage and
cranking speedaredis-
.

played .
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine running)
Lockedposition ON
•Harness andconnector
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Power steering circuitis
•Power steering oilpres-
CIRCUIT tested
whensteering
sureswitch
wheel isrotated fullyand
•Power steering oilpump
then settoastraight lineNeutral
position OFF
running position.
• Vehicle speedsensor cir-
•Harness andconnector
VEHICLE SPEED cuitistested whenvehicle Vehiclespeedsensor inputsignal is
•Vehicle speedsensor
SEN CKT isrunning ataspeed of10 greater than4km/h (2MPH)
•Electric speedometer
km/h (6MPH) orhigher .
• After warming up,idle the
engine. •Adjust ignition timing(by
• Ignition timingadjustment
movingcrankshaft position
is checked byreading Thetiming lightindicates thesame
IGN TIMING ADJ
ignitiontimingwithatim- valueonthe screen. sensor
ordistributor)
ing light andchecking •
Camshaft positionsensor
whether itagrees with drive
mechanism
specifications. •INJECTION SYS(Injector,
fuel pressure regulator,
harness orconnector)
• Air-fuel ratiofeedback cir- •
IGNITION SYS(Spark
cuit (injection system,igni- plug,
power transistor,
ignition coil,harness or
tion system, vacuum
connector)
MIXTURE RATIO system,
etc.)istested byHeated oxygen sensorCOUNT: More
•VACUUM SYS(Intake air
TEST examining
theheated oxy-than
5times during 10seconds
leaks)
gen sensor outputat2,000
•Heated oxygen sensorcir-
rpm under non-loaded
cuit
state. •Heated oxygen sensor
operation
• Fuel pressure highorlow
• Mass airflow sensor

EC-261
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION JUDGEMENTCHECKITEM(REMEDY)
ITEM
•After warming up,idle the
engine.
• Injector operation ofeach •Injector circuit(Injector,
cylinder isstopped one harness
orconnector)
after another, andresult-
Difference inengine speedisgreater •
Ignition circuit(Spark
ant change inengine rota- plug,
power transistor,
POWER BALANCE
tionisexamined toevalu- than
25rpm before andafter cutting off
ignition coil,harness or
ate combustion ofeach the
injector ofeach cylinder.
connector)
cylinder. (Thisisonly dis- •
Compression
played formodels wherea •
Valve timing
sequential multiportfuel
injection systemisused.)
• After warming up,idle the
•Harness andconnector
engine. •IACV-AAC
valve

• IACV-AAC valvesystem is
Difference inengine speedisgreater •
Air passage restriction
IACV-AACIV testedbydetecting change
than150rpm between whenvalve open- between
airinlet and
SYSTEM inengine speedwhen
ingisat 80% andat20%. IACV-AAC
valve
IACV-AAC valveopening
•IAS (Idle adjusting screw)
is changed to0%,20%
adjustment
and 80%.

EC-262

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
Sensors

~ ECMActuators

~~.~ MEF036D
SEF234G Introduction

The engine hasanECM tocontrol majorsystems suchasfuel
control, ignitioncontrol, idleaircontrol system, etc.The ECM
accepts inputsignals fromsensors andinstantly drivesactua-
tors. Itis essential thatboth input andoutput signals areproper
and stable. Atthe same time,itis important thatthere areno
problems suchasvacuum leaks,fouled sparkplugs, orother
problems withtheengine.
It is much moredifficult todiagnose aproblem thatoccurs
intermittently ratherthancontinuously. Mostintermittent prob-
lems arecaused bypoor electric connections orimproper wir-
ing. Inthis case, careful checking ofsuspected circuitsmay
help prevent thereplacement ofgood parts.
A visual checkonlymaynotfind thecause ofthe problems. A
road testwith CONSULT oracircuit testerconnected shouldbe
performed. Followthe"Work Flow"onthe next page.
Before undertaking actualchecks, takejustafew minutes to
talk with acustomer whoapproaches withadriveability com-
plaint. Thecustomer cansupply goodinformation aboutsuch
problems, especially intermittent ones.Findoutwhat symptoms
are present andunder whatconditions theyoccur. A"Diagnos-
tic Worksheet" liketheexample onEC-267 shouldbeused.
Start yourdiagnosis bylooking for"conventional" problems
first. Thiswillhelp troubleshoot driveabilityproblemsonan
electronically controlledenginevehicle.

EC-264