engine NISSAN TERRANO 2002 Service Repair Manual

Fuel Injection Timing System
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The fuel injection timing system determines the optimal fuel injection timing, based on engine speed, injection
quantity, engine coolant temperature and atmospheric pressure. The timing is formed by a basic value (Basic
Control) and two correction values. By performing a duty cycle signal on the timing control valve, the ECM
allows the valve to provide optimal injection timing. The ECM also performs feedback control on the timing
control valve using the signal from the needle lift sensor which detects the actual fuel injection timing.
BASIC CONTROL
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
ECM
E
Injection
timing con-
trol valve
Needle lift sensorEInjection timing
Control sleeve position sensor
EControl sleeve position
The optimal fuel injection timing data, predetermined in proportion
to engine speeds and amount of fuel injected, are stored in the
ECM memory. The ECM uses the data to control the fuel injection
timing.
HIGH ALTITUDE COMPENSATION
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensorEEngine speed
ECM
E
Injection
timing
control
deviceControl sleeve position sensorEControl sleeve position
Atmospheric pressure sensor
EAtmospheric sensor
Needle lift sensor
EInjection timing
Fuel temperature sensor
EFuel temperatureEElectric
governor
For better drivability in high altitude areas, the fuel injection timing
is advanced and the fuel quantity is reduced according to the atmo-
spheric pressure.
SEF650S
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-309

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (When starting)
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
ECM
E
Injection
timing con-
trol valveEngine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperature
Needle lift sensor
EIgnition timing
Ignition switch
EStart signal
For better startability under cool engine conditions, the fuel injec-
tion timing is compensated according to the engine coolant tem-
perature.
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION (During driving)
Input/output signal line
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
ECM
EInjection
timing con-
trol valveEngine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperature
Needle lift sensor
EInjection timing
For better exhaust efficiency under cool engine conditions, the fuel
injection timing is controlled within a compensation range depend-
ing on the engine speed, engine coolant temperature and amount
of fuel injected.
MEC023E
SEF652S
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
Fuel Injection Timing System (Cont'd)
EC-310

Air Conditioning Cut Control
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Air conditioner switchEAir Conditioner ªONº signal
ECM
EAir Condi-
tioner relay
Accelerator position sensorEAccelerator valve opening angle
Vehicle speed sensor
EVehicle speed
Engine coolant temperature sensor
EEngine coolant temperature
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves acceleration when the air conditioner is used.
When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, the air conditioner is turned off for a few seconds. When engine
coolant temperature becomes excessively high, the air conditioner is turned off. This continues until the cool-
ant temperature returns to normal.
Fuel Cut Control (at high engine speed)
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC)EEngine speed
ECMEElectric
governor
If the engine speed is above 5,500 rpm fuel will be cut off to keep
engine within its working range.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control and fuel cut
solenoid valve control.
Glow Control
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE
Engine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperature
ECMEGlow relayEGlow plug
Ignition switchEStart signalEGlow lamp
Glow plug is heated in three-stage that is pre-glow, intermediate-
glow and after-glow. Glow time changes depending on engine cool-
ant temperature.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL
SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-311

CAUTION:
IDo not disassemble No. 1 nozzle (with needle lift sensor).
Entrust disassembly or adjustment to BOSCH service
shop.
Plug flare nut with a cap or rag so that no dust enters the
nozzle. Cover nozzle tip for protection of needle.
Removal and Installation
1. Remove fuel injection tube and spill tube.
2. Remove injection nozzle assembly.
Also remove washers from nozzle end.
3. Install injection nozzle in the reverse order of removal.
Injection nozzle to engine:
:54-64N×m (5.5 - 6.5 kg-m, 40 - 47 ft-lb)
Injection nozzle to tube:
:20-25N×m (2.0 - 2.5 kg-m, 14 - 18 ft-lb)
a. Always clean the nozzle holes.
b. Always use new injection nozzle gasket.
c. Note that small washer should be installed in specified
direction.
d. Bleed air from fuel system.
Disassembly (No.2-4nozzle)
1. Loosen nozzle nut while preventing nozzle top from turning.
2. Arrange all disassembled parts in the order shown at left.
SEM621B
NEM244
NEF459
SEF785
MEC996D
INJECTION NOZZLETD27Ti
EC-313

DTC and MI Detection Logic
When a malfunction is detected for the first time, the malfunction (DTC) is stored in the ECM memory.
The MI will light up each time the ECM detects a malfunction. However, if the same malfunction is experienced
in two consecutive driving patterns and the engine is still running, the MI will stay lit up. For a description of
diagnostic items causing the MI to light up, refer to ªTROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INDEXº, EC-293.
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
HOW TO READ DTC
The DTC can be read by the following methods.
Without CONSULT-II
ECM displays the DTC by a set of four digit numbers with MI illumination in the diagnostic test mode II (Self-
diagnostic results). Example: 0102, 0103, 0104, etc.
With CONSULT-II
CONSULT-II displays the DTC in ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº mode. Examples: P0100, P0115, P0500, etc.
These DTCs are prescribed by ISO15031-6.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
IOutput of the trouble code means that the indicated circuit has a malfunction. However, in the Mode
II it does not indicate whether the malfunction is still occurring or occurred in the past and returned
to normal.
CONSULT-II can identify them. Therefore, using CONSULT-II (if available) is recommended.
HOW TO ERASE DTC
How to Erase DTC (
With CONSULT-II)
1. If the ignition switch stays ªONº after repair work, be sure to turn ignition switch ªOFFº once. Wait at least
5 seconds and then turn it ªONº (engine stopped) again.
2. Touch ªENGINEº.
3. Touch ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº.
4. Touch ªERASEº. (The DTC in the ECM will be erased.)
The emission related diagnostic information in the ECM can be erased by selecting ªERASEº in the ªSELF-
DIAG RESULTSº mode with CONSULT-II.
SEF246Z
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-321

How to Erase DTC (Without CONSULT-II)
1. If the ignition switch stays ªONº after repair work, be sure to turn ignition switch ªOFFº once. Wait at least
5 seconds and then turn it ªONº (engine stopped) again.
2. Change the diagnostic test mode from Mode II to Mode I by using the data link connector. (See EC-323.)
The emission related diagnostic information in the ECM can be erased by changing the diagnostic test mode.
IIf the battery is disconnected, the emission-related diagnostic information will be lost after approx.
24 hours.
IErasing the emission-related diagnostic information using CONSULT-II is easier and quicker than
switching the diagnostic test mode using the data link connector.
Malfunction Indicator (MI)
1. The malfunction indicator will light up when the ignition switch
is turned ON without the engine running. This is a bulb check.
IIf the malfunction indicator does not light up, refer to EL sec-
tion (ªWARNING LAMPS/WIRING DIAGRAMº) or see MI &
DATA LINK CONNECTORS.
2. When the engine is started, the malfunction indicator should go
off.
If the lamp remains on, the on board diagnostic system has
detected an engine system malfunction.
If MI illuminates or flashes irregularly after starting engine,
water may have accumulated in fuel filter. Drain water from
fuel filter.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FUNCTION
The on board diagnostic system has the following three functions.
Diagnostic
Test ModeKEY and ENG.
StatusFunction Explanation of Function
Mode IIgnition switch in
ON position
Engine stoppedBULB CHECKThis function checks the MI bulb for damage (blown, open
circuit, etc.).
If the MI does not come on, check MI circuit. (See EC-452.)
Engine running
MALFUNCTION
WARNINGThis is a usual driving condition. When ECM detects a
malfunction, the MI will light up to inform the driver that a mal-
function has been detected.
Mode IIIgnition switch in
ON position
Engine stopped
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC
RESULTSThis function allows DTCs to be read.
SAT652J
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) (Cont'd)
EC-322

CONSULT-II
CONSULT-II INSPECTION PROCEDURE
1. Turn off ignition switch.
2. Connect ªCONSULT-IIº to data link connector for CONSULT-II.
(Data link connector for CONSULT-II is located behind the fuse
box cover.)
3. Turn on ignition switch.
4. Touch ªSTARTº.
5. Touch ªENGINEº.
6. Perform each diagnostic test mode according to each service
procedure.
For further information, see the CONSULT-II Operation Manual.
YEC237A
SEF995X
SEF320Y
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
EC-327

ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENT PARTS/CONTROL SYSTEMS APPLICATION
ItemDIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE
SELF-DIAG-
NOSTIC
RESULTSD ATA
MONITORACTIVE
TEST
ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENT PARTS
INPUTCamshaft position sensor (PUMP) *1 X *2 X
Mass air flow sensor X X
Engine coolant temperature sensor X X
Control sleeve position sensor X X X
Fuel temperature sensor X X
Vehicle speed sensor X X
Accelerator position sensor X X
Accelerator position switch X
Crankshaft position sensor (TDC) X X
Needle lift sensor X X
Ignition switch (start signal) X
Ignition switch (ON signal) X X
Air conditioner switch X
Stop lamp switch X X
Brake switch 2 X X
Battery voltage X
OUTPUTInjection timing control valve X X X
Fuel cut solenoid valve X X X
Air conditioner relay X *2 X
Glow relay X X X
EGRC-solenoid valve A X X X
EGRC-solenoid valve B X X X
Throttle control solenoid valve X X X
X: Applicable
*1 Imaginary sensor, which produces secondary engine revolution signal using needle lift sensor pulse.
*2 CONSULT-II may not display, but self-diagnostic results are available with MI.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-328

SELF-DIAGNOSTIC MODE
Regarding items detected in ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº mode, refer to ªTROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð INDEXº,
EC-293.
DATA MONITOR MODE
Monitored item
[Unit]ECM
input
signalsMain
signalsDescription Remarks
CKPS×RPM
(TDC) [rpm]
qq
IThe engine speed computed from the
crankshaft position sensor (TDC) signal
is displayed.
CMPS×RPM -
PUMP [rpm]
qqIThe engine speed computed from the
needle lift sensor signal is displayed.
COOLAN TEMP/S
[ÉC] or [ÉF]
qq
IThe engine coolant temperature (deter-
mined by the signal voltage of the engine
coolant temperature sensor) is displayed.IWhen the engine coolant temperature
sensor is open or short-circuited, ECM
enters fail-safe mode. The same data as
the fuel temperature is displayed.
VHCL SPEED SE
[km/h] or [mph]
qqIThe vehicle speed computed from the
vehicle speed sensor signal is displayed.
FUEL TEMP SEN
[ÉC] or [ÉF]
qq
IThe fuel temperature (determined by the
signal voltage of the fuel temperature
sensor) is displayed.
ACCEL POS SEN [V]
qqIThe accelerator position sensor signal
voltage is displayed.
OFF ACCEL POS
[ON/OFF]
qqIIndicates [ON/OFF] condition from the
accelerator position switch signal.ISignal at approximately 9É opened.
C/SLEEV POS/S [V]
qqIThe control sleeve position sensor signal
voltage is displayed.
BATTERY VOLT [V]
qqIThe power supply voltage of ECM is dis-
played.
START SIGNAL
[ON/OFF]
qqIIndicates [ON/OFF] condition from the
starter signal.IAfter starting the engine, [OFF] is dis-
played regardless of the starter signal.
AIR COND SIG
[ON/OFF]
qq
IIndicates [ON/OFF] condition of the air
conditioner switch as determined by the
air conditioner signal.
BRAKE SW
[ON/OFF]
qIIndicates [ON/OFF] condition of the stop
lamp switch.
BRAKE SW2
[ON/OFF]
qIIndicates [ON/OFF] condition of the
brake switch 2.
IGN SW
[ON/OFF]
qqIIndicates [ON/OFF] condition from igni-
tion switch.
MAS AIR/FL SE [V]
qqIThe signal voltage of the mass air flow
sensor is displayed.IWhen the engine is stopped, a certain
value is indicated.
ACT INJ TIMG [É]
q
IThe actual injection timing angle deter-
mined by the ECM (an approximate aver-
age angle between injection start and
end from TDC) is displayed.
TARGET F/INJ
[mm
3/stroke]qIThe target fuel injection quantity (deter-
mined by the ECM according to the input
signal) is indicated.
NOTE:
Any monitored item that does not match the vehicle being diagnosed is deleted from the display automatically.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-329

ACTIVE TEST MODE
TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENT CHECK ITEM (REMEDY)
TARGET F/INJIEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition.
IFix the target injection quantity
using CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEMIControl sleeve position sensor.
FUEL CUT SOL/VIIgnition switch: ON
ITurn solenoid valve ªONº and
ªOFFº with the CONSULT-II and
listen to operating sound.Solenoid valve makes an operating
sound.IHarness and connector
ISolenoid valve
EGRC SOL/V AIIgnition switch: ON
ITurn solenoid valve ªONº and
ªOFFº with the CONSULT-II and
listen to operating sound.Solenoid valve makes an operating
sound.IHarness and connector
ISolenoid valve
EGRC SOL/V BIIgnition switch: ON
ITurn solenoid valve ªONº and
ªOFFº with the CONSULT-II and
listen to operating sound.Solenoid valve makes an operating
sound.IHarness and connector
ISolenoid valve
THROT CONT
SOL/VIIgnition switch: ON
ITurn solenoid valve ªONº and
ªOFFº with the CONSULT-II and
listen to operating sound.Solenoid valve makes an operating
sound.IHarness and connector
ISolenoid valve
GLOW RLYIIgnition switch: ON (Engine
stopped)
ITurn the glow relay ªONº and
ªOFFº using CONSULT-II and
listen to operating sound.Glow relay makes the operating
sound.IHarness and connector
IGlow relay
INJ TIMINGIEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition
IRetard the injection timing using
CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEM.IAdjust initial injection timing
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONTD27Ti
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-331