fuse OPEL FRONTERA 1998 Workshop Manual

6E–326
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
4. Pull the relay straight up and out of the fuse and relay
box.
TS23986
Installation Procedure
1. Insert the relay into the correct place in the fuse and
relay box with the catch slot facing forward.
2. Press down until the catch engages.
An audible “click” will be heard.
3. Install the fuse and relay box cover.
TS23986
EVAP Canister Hoses
Service Information
To view the routing of the EVAP canister hoses, refer to
Vehicle Emission Control Information in Diagnosis. Use
6148M or equivalent when you replace the EVAP canister
hoses.
EVAP Canister
Removal Procedure
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
2. Disconnect the three hoses from the EVAP canister.
014RW145
3. Remove the retaining two bolts on the mounting
bracket and slide the canister out of mounting
bracket.
014RW146
Inspection Procedure
1. Inspect the hoses for cracks and leaks.
2. Inspect the canister for a damaged case.

6E–330
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Wiring and Connectors
Wiring Harness Service
The control module harness electrically connects the
control module to the various solenoids, switches and
sensors in the vehicle engine compartment and
passenger compartment.
Replace wire harnesses with the proper part number
replacement.
Because of the low amperage and voltage levels utilized
in powertrain control systems, it is essential that all wiring
in environmentally exposed areas be repaired with crimp
and seal splice sleeves.
The following wire harness repair information is intended
as a general guideline only. Refer to
Chassis Electrical f o r
all wire harness repair procedures.
Connectors and Terminals
Use care when probing a connector and when replacing
terminals. It is possible to short between opposite
terminals. Damage to components could result. Always
use jumper wires between connectors for circuit
checking. NEVER probe through Weather-Pack seals.
Use an appropriate connector test adapter kit which
contains an assortment of flexible connectors used to
probe terminals during diagnosis. Use an appropriate
fuse remover and test tool for removing a fuse and to
adapt the fuse holder to a meter for diagnosis.
Open circuits are often difficult to locate by sight because
oxidation or terminal misalignment are hidden by the
connectors. Merely wiggling a connector on a sensor, or
in the wiring harness, may temporarily correct the open
circuit. Intermittent problems may also be caused by
oxidized or loose connections.
Be certain of the type of connector/terminal before
making any connector or terminal repair. Weather-Pack
and Com-Pack III terminals look similar, but are serviced
differently.
PCM Connectors and Terminals
Removal Procedure
1. Remove the connector terminal retainer.
2. Push the wire connected to the affected terminal
through the connector face so that the terminal is
exposed.
3. Service the terminal as necessary.
Installation Procedure
1. Bend the tab on the connector to allow the terminal to
be pulled into position within the connector.
2. Pull carefully on the wire to install the connector
terminal retainer.
Wire Harness Repair: Twisted
Shielded Cable
Removal Procedure
1. Remove the outer jacket.
2. Unwrap the aluminum/mylar tape. Do not remove the
mylar.
047
3. Untwist the conductors.
4. Strip the insulation as necessary.
048

6E–345 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
0014
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
The crankshaft position (CKP) sensor provides a signal
used by the powertrain control module (PCM) to calculate
the ignition sequence. The sensor initiates the 58X
reference pulses which the PCM uses to calculate RPM
and crankshaft position. Refer to
Electronic Ignition
System
for additional information.
Electronic Ignition
The electronic ignition system controls fuel combustion
by providing a spark to ignite the compressed air/fuel
mixture at the correct time. To provide optimum engine
performance, fuel economy, and control of exhaust
emissions, the PCM controls the spark advance of the
ignition system. Electronic ignition has the following
advantages over a mechanical distributor system:
No moving parts.
Less maintenance.
Remote mounting capability.
No mechanical load on the engine.
More coil cooldown time between firing events.
Elimination of mechanical timing adjustments.
Increased available ignition coil saturation time.
0013
Ignition Coils
A separate coil-at-plug module is located at each spark
plug. The coil-at-plug module is attached to the engine
with two screws. It is installed directly to the spark plug by
an electrical contact inside a rubber boot. A three-way
connector provides 12-volt primary supply from the
15-amp ignition fuse, a ground-switching trigger line from
the PCM, and a ground.
0001
Ignition Control
The ignition control (IC) spark timing is the PCM’s method
of controlling the spark advance and the ignition dwell.
The IC spark advance and the ignition dwell are
calculated by the PCM using the following inputs:
Engine speed.

6E–350
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
to the intake manifold through an orifice with a PCM
controlled pintle. During operation, the PCM controls
pintle position by monitoring the pintle position feedback
signal. The feedback signal can be monitored with Tech 2
as “Actual EGR Pos.” “Actual EGR Pos.” should always
be near the commanded EGR position (”Desired EGR
Pos.”). If a problem with the EGR system will not allow the
PCM to control the pintle position properly, DTC P1406
will set. The PCM also tests for EGR flow. If incorrect flow
is detected, DTC P0401 will set. If DTCs P0401 and/or
P1406 are set, refer to the DTC charts.
The linear EGR valve is usually activated under the
following conditions:
Warm engine operation.
Above-idle speed.
Too much EGR flow at idle, cruise or cold operation may
cause any of the following conditions to occur:
Engine stalls after a cold start.
Engine stalls at idle after deceleration.
Vehicle surges during cruise.
Rough idle.
Too little or no EGR flow may allow combustion
temperatures to get too high. This could cause:
Spark knock (detonation).
Engine overheating.
Emission test failure.
DTC P0401 (EGR flow test).
Poor fuel economy.
0017
EGR Pintle Position Sensor
The PCM monitors the EGR valve pintle position input to
endure that the valve responds properly to commands
from the PCM and to detect a fault if the pintle position
sensor and control circuits are open or shorted. If the
PCM detects a pintle position signal voltage outside the
normal range of the pintle position sensor, or a signal
voltage that is not within a tolerance considered
acceptable for proper EGR system operation, the PCM
will set DTC P1406.
General Description (Positive
Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System)
Crankcase Ventilation System Purpose
The crankcase ventilation system is use to consume
crankcase vapors in the combustion process instead of
venting them to the atmosphere. Fresh air from the
throttle body is supplied to the crankcase and mixed with
blow-by gases. This mixture is then passed through the
positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve into the
common chamber.
Crankcase Ventilation System Operation
The primary control is through the positive crankcase
v e n t i l a t i o n ( P C V ) v a l v e . T h e PCV valve meters the flow at
a rate that depends on the intake vacuum. The PCV valve
restricts the flow when the inlet vacuum is highest. In
addition, the PCV valve can seal the common chamber
off in case of sudden high pressure in the crankcase.
028RV002
While the engine is running, exhaust fuses and small
amounts of the fuel/air mixture escape past the piston

ENGINE MECHANICAL 6A – 13
VALVE CLEARANCE ADJUSTMENT
1. Install 2.80 mm valve adjuster (shim) first when
reassembling the engine.
Thickness mark faces down.
2. Measure the valve clearance after installing cam
carrier assy with camshafts.
3. Change the adjuster using a special tool when the
clearance is out of tolerance.
Valve Clearance Adjusting Tool: 5-8840-2590-0
VALVE CLEARANCE (When cold condition)
Inlet 0.15 ± 0.05 mm
Exh 0.25 ± 0.05 mm
COMPRESSION PRESSURE
MEASUREMENT
1. Start the engine and allow it to idle until the coolant
temperature reaches 70 – 80°C (158 – 176°F).
2. Remove the following parts.
Glow plugs
Fuel cut solenoid connector
QOS (Quick-On Start System) fuse in the fuse
box.
3. Set the adapter and compression gauge to the No.
1 cylinder glow plug hole.
Compression Gauge
(with Adapter): 5-8840-2008-0
4. Turn the engine over with the starter motor and take
the compression gauge reading.
Compression Pressure at 200 rpm
Standard: 3038 kPa (31 kg/cm
2/441 psi)
Limit: 2157 kPa (22 kg/cm
2/313 psi)
5. Repeat the procedure (Steps 3 and 4) for the
remaining cylinders.
QUICK-ON START 4 SYSTEM
Quick-On Start System Inspection Procedure
1. Disconnect the ECT-sensor connection around the
thermostat outlet pipe.
2. Turn the starter switch to the “ON” position.
If the Quick-On Start 4 System is operating
properly, the glow relay will make a clicking sound
within seven seconds after the starter switch is
turned on.
3. Measure the glow plug terminal voltage with a
circuit tester immediately after turning the starter
switch to the “ON” position.
Glow Plug Terminal Voltage: 8 – 9V
NOTE: Electrical power to the quick-on start system will
be cut after the starter has remained in the “ON”
position for twenty seconds.
Turn the starter switch to the “OFF” position and back
to the “ON” position.
This will reset the Quick-On Start 4 System.
014RW150

ENGINE ELECTRICAL 6D – 1
ENGINE ELECTRICAL
CONTENTS
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
On Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–3
Main Data and Specification . . . . . . . . . . 6D–4
Starting System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–5
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–5
On Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–7
Starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–7
Unit Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–8Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–15
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–15
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–16
Unit Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–17
Main Data and Specification . . . . . . . . . . 6D–22
QOS4 Preheating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
Inspection of QOS4 System Operation . . 6D–24
BATTERY
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSIS
There are six battery fluid caps at the top of the battery.
These are covered by a paper label.
The battery is completely sealed except for the six
small vent holes at the side. These vent holes permit
the escape of small amounts of gas generated by the
battery.
This type of battery has the following advantages over
conventional batteries:1. There is no need to add water during the entire
service life of the battery.
2. The battery protects itself against overcharging.
The battery will refuse to accept an excessive
charge.
(A conventional battery will accept an excessive
charge, resulting in gassing and loss of battery
fluid.)
3. The battery is much less vulnerable to self-
discharge than a conventional type battery.
1. VISUAL INSPECTION (Step 1)
Inspect the battery for obvious physical damage, such
as a cracked or broken case, which would permit
electrolyte loss.
Replace the battery if obvious physical damage is
discovered during inspection.
Check for any other physical damage and correct it as
necessary. If not, proceed to Step 2.
2. HYDROMETER CHECK (Step 2)
There is a built-in hydrometer (Charge test indicator) at
the top of the battery. It is designed to be used during
diagnostic procedures.
Before trying to read the hydrometer, carefully clean the
upper battery surface.
If your work area is poorly lit, additional light may be
necessary to read the hydrometer.
a. BLUE RING OR DOT VISIBLE – Go to Step 4.
b. BLUE RING OR DOT NOT VISIBLE – Go to
Step 3.3. FLUID LEVEL CHECK (Step 3)
The fluid level should be between the upper level line
and lower level line on side of the battery.
a. CORRECT FLUID LEVEL – Charge the battery.
b. BELOW LOWER LEVEL – Replace battery.
4. VOLTAGE CHECK (Step 4)
(1) Put voltmeter test leads to battery terminals.
a. VOLTAGE IS 12.4V OR ABOVE – Go to Step 5.
b. VOLTAGE IS UNDER 12.4V – Go to procedure
(2) below.
(2) Determine fast charge amperage from
specification. (See Main Data and Specifications in
this section.)
Fast charge battery for 30 minutes at amperage
rate no higher than specified value.
Take voltage and amperage readings after charge.
a. VOLTAGE IS ABOVE 16V AT BELOW 1/3 OF
AMPERAGE RATE – Replace battery.

6E–6
4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Removal Procedure 6E–212. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–212. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Filter Cap 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection Procedure 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Filter 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal and Installation Procedure 6E–213. . . . . .
Fuel Gauge Unit 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–213. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–214. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Injectors 6E–214. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal and Installation Procedure 6E–214. . . . . .
Fuel Temperature Sensor 6E–214. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–214. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–215. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail Pressure (RP) Sensor 6E–216. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–216. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–216. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Tank 6E–216. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–216. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Throttle Body (TB) 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air Conditioning (A/C) Relay 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Vacuum
Switch Valve (VSV) 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–217. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–218. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic Vacuum Regurating Valve (EVRV) 6E–219
Removal Procedure 6E–219. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wiring and Connectors 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wiring Harness Service 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connectors and Terminals 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wire Harness Repair: Twisted Shielded
Cable 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–221. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Twisted Leads 6E–221. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–221. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–222. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weather-Pack Connector 6E–223. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools Required 6E–223. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–223. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation Procedure 6E–223. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Com-Pack III 6E–224. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Information 6E–224. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metri-Pack 6E–224. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools Required 6E–224. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–224
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–224. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description
(ECM and Sensors) 6E–225. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57X Reference ECM Input 6E–225. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A/C Request Signal 6E–225. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor 6E–225. . . . . . .
Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor and
Signal 6E–225. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor 6E–225
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory (EEPROM) 6E–225. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor 6E–225. . . . .
Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor 6E–226
Engine Control Module (ECM) 6E–226. . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Function 6E–226. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Components 6E–226. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Voltage Description 6E–226. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Input/Outputs 6E–226. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Service Precautions 6E–227. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intake Throttle Position (ITP) Sensor 6E–227. . . . .
Transmission Range Switch 6E–227. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accelerator Position Sensor (AP) 6E–227. . . . . . . .
Aftermarket Electrical and Vacuum
Equipment 6E–227. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrostatic Discharge Damage 6E–227. . . . . . . . .
General Description (Air Induction) 6E–228. . . . . . . .
Air Induction System 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description (Fuel Metering) 6E–228. . . . . . .
Deceleration Mode 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Injector 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Metering System Components 6E–228. . . . . .
A/C Clutch Diagnosis 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A/C Request Signal 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) System 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . .
EGR Purpose 6E–228. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuse and Relay Panel
(Underhood Electrical Center) RHD 6E–229. . . . . . .
Fuse and Relay Panel
(Underhood Electrical Center) LHD 6E–230. . . . . . .

6E–28
4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
in the ECM’s memory, the DTC(s) will be output from the
lowest to the highest, with each DTC being displayed
three times.
The DTC display will continue as long as the DLC is
shorted.
Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes Using
a TECH 2
The procedure for reading diagnostic trouble code(s) is to
used a diagnostic Tech 2. When reading DTC(s), follow
instructions supplied by Tech 2 manufacturer.
For the 1998 model year, Isuzu dealer service
departments will continue to use Tech 2.
Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
IMPORTANT:Do not clear DTCs unless directed to do
so by the service information provided for each diagnostic
procedure. When DTCs are cleared, the Freeze Frame
and Failure Record data which may help diagnose an
intermittent fault will also be erased from memory.
If the fault that caused the DTC to be stored into memory
has been corrected, the Diagnostic Executive will begin to
count the “warm-up” cycles with no further faults
detected, the DTC will automatically be cleared from the
ECM memory.To clear Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), use the Tech
2 “clear DTCs” or “clear information” function. When
clearing DTCs follow instructions supplied by the Tech 2
manufacturer.
When a Tech 2 is not available, DTCs can also be cleared
by disconnecting
one of the following sources for at least
thirty (30) seconds.
NOTE: To prevent system damage, the ignition key must
be “OFF” when disconnecting or reconnecting battery
power.
The power source to the control module. Examples:
fuse, pigtail at battery ECM connectors etc.
The negative battery cable. (Disconnecting the
negative battery cable will result in the loss of other
on-board memory data, such as preset radio tuning).
060RW169

6E–44
4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
No Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
060RW136
Circuit Description
The “Check Engine” lamp (MIL) should always be
illuminated and steady with the ignition “ON” and the
engine stopped. Ignition feed voltage is supplied to the
MIL bulb through the meter fuse. The Engine Control
Module ECM turns the MIL “ON” by grounding the MIL
driver circuit.
Diagnostic Aids
An intermittent MIL may be cause by a poor connection,
rubbed-through wire insulation, or a wire broken inside
the insulation. Check for the following items:
Inspect the ECM harness and connections for
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal-to-wire
connection, and damaged harness.
If the engine runs OK, check for a faulty light bulb, an
open in the MIL driver circuit, or an open in the
instrument cluster ignition feed.
If the engine cranks but will not run, check for an open
ECM ignition or battery feed, or a poor ECM to engine
ground.
Test Description
Number(s) below refer to the step number(s) on the
Diagnostic Chart.
2. A “No MIL” condition accompanied by a no-start
condition suggests a faulty ECM ignition feed or
battery feed circuit.
9. Using a test light connected to B+, probe each of the
ECM ground terminals to ensure that a good ground
is present. Refer to
ECM Terminal End View for
terminal locations of the ECM ground circuits.
12.In this step, temporarily substitute a known good
relay for the ECM relay. The horn relay is nearby,
and it can be verified as “good” simply by honking
the horn. Replace the horn relay after completing
this step.

6E–45 4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
No Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
StepActionVa l u e ( s )Ye sNo
1Was the “On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check”
performed?
—Go to Step 2
Go to OBD
System
Check
2Attempt to start the engine.
Does the engine start?
—Go to Step 3Go to Step 6
3Check the meter fuse for the instrument cluster ignition
feed circuit.
Is the fuse OK?
—Go to Step 4Go to Step 16
4Ignition “ON,” probe the ignition feed circuit at the
cluster connector with a test light to ground.
Is the test light “ON?”
—Go to Step 5Go to Step 13
51. Ignition “OFF.”
2. Disconnect the ECM.
3. Jumper the MIL driver circuit at the ECM connector
to ground.
4. Ignition “ON.”
Is the MIL “ON?”
—Go to Step 10Go to Step 11
6Check the ECM ignition feed and battery feed fuses (15
A engine fuse and 15 A ECM fuse).
Are both fuses OK?
—Go to Step 7Go to Step 15
71. Ignition “OFF.”
2. Disconnect the ECM.
3. Ignition “ON.”
4. Probe the ignition feed circuit at the ECM harness
connector with a test light to ground.
Is the test light “ON?”
—Go to Step 8Go to Step 12
8Probe the battery feed circuit at the ECM harness
connector with a test light to ground.
Is the test light “ON?”
—Go to Step 9Go to Step 14
9Check for a faulty ECM ground connection.
Was a problem found?
—Verify repairGo to Step 10
10Check for damaged terminals at the ECM.
Was a problem found?
—Verify repairGo to Step 17
11Check for an open MIL driver circuit between the ECM
and the MIL.
Was a problem found?
—Verify repairGo to Step 18
12Substitute a known “good” relay for the ECM main
relay.
Was the malfunction fixed?
—Verify repairGo to Step 13
13Repair the open in the ignition feed circuit.
Is the action complete?
—Verify repair—
14Locate and repair the open ECM battery feed circuit.
Is the action complete?
—Verify repair—