steering SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Owner's Manual

1B3 -- 22 OM600 ENGINE MECHANICAL
D AEW OO M Y_2000
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Remove the nut.
2. Push the tensioning lever in direction of arrow with a
rod (F12’ 180mm) and pull out the bolt to the rear.
3. Push back the tensioning lever (arrow direction) to
release the spring tension and remove the belt.
4. Install the poly V-- belt beginning at the tensioning
pulley (7).
7 Tensioning Pulley
8 Crankshaft
9 Generator
10 Water Pump
11 Guide Pulley
12 Power Steering Pump
13 Aircon. Compressor
Length of Belt
Length (L)With Air Conditioner2,100 mm
Length (L)Without Air Conditioner2,040 mm

OM600 ENGINE MECHANICAL 1B3 -- 63
D AEW OO M Y_2000
TIMING CASE COVER
Preceding Work : Removal of the cooling fan
Rmoval of the V-- belt tensioning device
Removal of the vibration damper and hub
Removal of the generator
1 Bolt 10N∙m (89 lb-in) .....................
2 Cylinder Head Cover
3 Gasket Replace..........................
4 Socket Bolt 25N∙m (18 lb-ft) ................
5 Fuel Filter
6 Square Nut
7OilPan
8 Socket Bolt 10N∙m (89 lb-in) ...............
9 Bolt M6 : 10N∙m (89 lb-in) ................
M8 : 23N∙m (17 lb-ft)
10 Power Steering Pump
11 Bolt
12 Belt Pulley13 Bolt 32N∙m (24 lb-ft) ......................
14 Timing Case Cover
15 Bolt 23N∙m (17 lb-ft) ......................
16 Generator Bracket
17 Bolt 45N∙m (33 lb-ft) ......................
18 Bolt 25N∙m (18 lb-ft) ......................
19 Bolt 10N∙m(89lb-in) .....................
20 Closing Cover
21 Socket Bolt 23N∙m (17 lb-ft) ................
22 Guide Pulley
23 Bolt 9N∙m(80lb-in) .......................
24 Guide Pulley Bracket
25 Nut 23N∙m (17 lb-ft) .......................

OM600 ENGINE MECHANICAL 1B3 -- 65
D AEW OO M Y_2000
9. Disconnect the pipes of power steering pump and
remove the belt pulley.
Notice
Be careful not to lose the key.
10. Remove the nut and pull out the bolt and then re-
move the power steering pump.
11. Remove the generator bracket (16).
12. Remove the fuel filter.

OM600 ENGINE MECHANICAL 1B3 -- 69
D AEW OO M Y_2000
10. Install the fuel filter.
Tightening Torque25 N∙m (18 lb-ft)
11. Install the vacuum pump.
Tightening Torque10 N∙m(89lb-in)
12. Install the power steering pump.
Tightening Torque23 N∙m (17 lb-ft)
13. Install the power steering pump pulley
Tightening Torque32 N∙m (24 lb-ft)
14. Install the guide pulley bracket
Tightening Torque9N∙m(80lb-in)

SSANGYONG MY2002
2A-2 SUSPENSION DIAGNOSIS
Inspect the tires for improper pressure and uneven wear.
Inspect the joint from the steering column to the steer-
ing gear for loose connections or wear.
Inspect the front and the rear suspension, the steering
gear, and the linkage for loose or damaged parts.
Inspect for out-of-round tires.
Inspect for out-of-balance tires, bent wheels, and worn
or loose wheel bearings.
Check the power steering pump serpentine belt tension.
Inspect the power steering system for leaks. Also, check
the power steering fluid level.Action
Checks
Checks
Inspect for incorrect toe on the front and the rear wheels.
Inspect for a twisted or a bent suspension arm. Inspect for mismatched or uneven tires.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.
Inspect for a radial tire lateral force.
Check the front-wheel alignment.
Inspect for an off-center steering gear.
Inspect for front-brake dragging.
DIAGNOSIS
GENERAL DIAGNOSIS
Problems in the steering, the suspension, the tires,
and the wheels involve several systems. Consider all
systems when diagnosing a complaint. Some problems,
such as abnormal or excessive tire wear and scuffed
tires, may be the result of hard driving. Always roadtest the vehicle first. If possible, do this road test with
the customer.
Proceed with the following preliminary checks. Correct
any substandard conditions.
Preliminary Checks
Replace the tires.
Replace the spring.
Check the wheel alignment. Switch the tire and the
wheel assemblies. Replace the tires, as needed.
Align the front wheels.
Reseat the pinion valve assembly. Replace the pinion
valve assembly, as needed.
Adjust the front brakes.
Car Lead/Pull
Action
Adjust the toe on the front and the rear wheels.
Replace the suspension arm.
Scuffed Tires
Inflate the tires to the proper pressure.
Tighten the intermediate shaft pinch bolts. Replace the
intermediate shaft, as needed.
Tighten the front and the rear suspension. Tighten the
steering gear mounting bracket bolts. Tighten the inter-
mediate shaft pinch bolts. Replace the front and the rear
suspension, as needed. Replace the steering gear, as
needed. Replace the intermediate shaft, as needed.
Perform a free runout test. Match-mount the tires.
Balance the wheels. Replace the wheels. Replace the
wheel bearings.
Tighten the power steering pump serpentine belt.
Repair any leaks. Perform a power steering system test.
Add power steering fluid, as needed.
Action Checks

SUSPENSION DIAGNOSIS 2A-3
SSANGYONG MY2002
Perform a rack bearing preload adjustment.
Replace the seals and the hoses, as needed.
Lubricate the steering gear. Repair or replace the
steering gear, as needed.
Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket nuts and
the bolts. Check the steering gear preload adjustment.
Check the hydraulic system. Test the power steering
system pressure with a gauge.
Inspect for binding or catching in the steering gear.
Inspect for a loose steering gear mounting.Action ChecksBalance the tire or the wheel.
Measure the hub flange runout. Replace the hub, as
needed.
Adjust the brakes. Replace the brake rotor, as needed.
Replace the outer tie rods.
Balance the wheel.
Replace the lower ball joint.
Measure the wheel runout. Replace the wheel, as
needed.
Match-mount the tire and the wheel assembly. Inspect for an out-of-balance tire or wheel.
Inspect for excessive wheel hub runout.
Inspect for excessive brake rotor imbalance.
Inspect for worn tie rod ends.
Inspect for wheel trim imbalance.
Inspect for a worn lower ball joint.
Inspect for excessive wheel runout.
Inspect for excessive loaded radial runout on the tire
and the wheel assembly.Action ChecksAction
Balance the tire or the wheel. Checks
Inspect for an out-of-balance tire or wheel.Align the front and the rear wheels.
Adjust the toe on the front and the rear wheels.
Replace the spring.
Balance the tires.
Rotate the tires. Replace the tires, as needed.
Maintain the proper load weight.
Inflate the tires to the proper pressure. Check the front-wheel and the rear-wheel alignment.
Inspect for excessive toe on the front and the rear wheels.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.
Inspect for out-of-balance tires.
Check for a failure to rotate tires.
Check for an overloaded vehicle.
Inspect for low tire inflation.
Abnormal or Excessive Tire Wear
Shimmy, Shake, or Vibration
Hard Steering
Wheel Tramp
Action Checks

SSANGYONG MY2002
2A-4 SUSPENSION DIAGNOSIS
Replace the tires.
Replace the ball joints and the outer tie rods.
Replace the dampeners.
Tighten the stabilizer link.
Replace the spring.
Perform a rack bearing preload adjustment.
Align the front and the rear wheels. Inspect for mismatched or uneven tires.
Inspect for lack of lubrication of the ball joints and the
tie rod ends.
Inspect for worn dampeners.
Inspect for a loose stabilizer link.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.
Check the steering gear preload adjustment.
Check the front-wheel and the rear-wheel alignment.Action ChecksReplace the ball joints and the outer tie rods.
Replace the damaged suspension components.
Replace the control arm bushings or the tie rods.
Tighten the stabilizer link.
Tighten the wheel nuts.
Tighten the suspension bolts or the nuts. Inspect for a lack of lubrication of the ball joints and
the tie rod ends.
Inspect for damaged suspension components.
Inspect for worn control arm bushings or tie rod ends.
Inspect for a loose stabilizer link.
Inspect for loose wheel nuts.
Inspect for loose suspension bolts or nuts.Action Checks Inspect for lack of lubrication of the ball joints and the
tie rod ends.
Inspect for binding in the ball joints.
Inspect for binding in the steering column.
Check the front-wheel alignment.
Check the steering gear preload adjustment.
Inspect for a sticking valve.
Inspect for binding in the intermediate shaft on the
steering gear.Action ChecksReplace the front wheel bearings.
Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket nuts and
the bolts.
Tighten the intermediate shaft pinch bolts. Replace the
intermediate shaft, as needed.
Perform a rack bearing preload adjustment. Inspect for worn or loose front wheel bearings.
Inspect for a loose steering gear mounting.
Inspect the joint from the column to the steering gear
for loose connections or wear.
Check the steering gear preload adjustment.Action Checks
Replace the ball joints and the outer tie rods.
Replace the ball joint.
Lubricate the steering column. Replace the steering
column as needed.
Align the front wheels.
Perform a rack bearing preload adjustment.
Lubricate the pinion valve assembly. Replace the pin-
ion valve assembly, as needed.
Replace the intermediate shaft.
Poor Returnability
Abnormal Noise, Front Suspension
Abnormal or Excessive Tire Wear
Too Much Playin Steering

SUSPENSION DIAGNOSIS 2A-5
SSANGYONG MY2002
Action Checks
Replace the dampeners.
Maintain the proper load weight.
Replace the spring. Inspect for worn dampeners.
Check for an overloaded vehicle.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.Tighten the stabilizer link.
Maintain the proper load weight.
Replace the spring. Inspect for a loose stabilizer link.
Check for an overloaded vehicle.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.Action ChecksAction Checks
Replace the dampeners.
Replace the spring. Inspect for incorrect dampeners.
Inspect for an incorrect spring. Inspect for worn dampeners.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.Replace the dampeners.
Replace the spring.Action ChecksReplace the spring.
Maintain the proper load weight.
Replace the spring. Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.
Check for an overloaded vehicle.
Inspect for an incorrect or weak spring.Action Checks Inspect for worn or loose front wheel bearings.
Inspect for a broken or a sagging spring.
Inspect for a leaking wheel cylinder or caliper.
Inspect for warped rotors.
Inspect for an incorrect or an uneven caster.Replace the front wheel bearings.
Replace the spring.
Replace the wheel cylinder or the caliper.
Replace the rotors.
If the caster is beyond specifications, check the frame
and repair it, as needed.Action Checks
Low or Uneven Trim Height
Ride Too Soft
Ride Too Harsh
Body Leans or Sways in Corners
Suspension Bottoms
Erratic Steering when Braking

SSANGYONG MY2002
2A-6 SUSPENSION DIAGNOSIS
Check the front-wheel and the rear-wheel alignment.
Inspect for worn dampeners.
Inspect for worn or loose wheel bearings.
Inspect for excessive tire or wheel runout.
Inspect for a worn ball joint.
Check the steering gear preload adjustment.Align the front and the rear wheels.
Replace the dampeners.
Replace the wheel bearings.
Match-mount the tires. Replace the tires, as needed.
Replace the wheels, as needed.
Replace the ball joint.
Perform a rack bearing preload adjustment.Action ChecksReplace the seals and the hoses, as needed.
Clean the pinion valve assembly. Replace the pinion
valve assembly, as needed.
Adjust the power steering pump serpentine belt. Check the hydraulic system. Test the power steering
system pressure with a gauge.
Inspect for a sluggish steering gear valve.
Inspect for a loose power steering pump serpentine
belt.Action ChecksAction Checks
Purge the power steering system of air.
Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket nuts and
the bolts.
Tighten the intermediate shaft pinch bolts. Replace the
intermediate shaft, as needed.
Tighten the tie rod ends. Replace the outer tie rods, as
needed.
Replace the front wheel bearings. Inspect for air in the power steering system.
Inspect for a loose steering gear mounting.
Inspect the joint from the column to the steering gear
for loose connections or wear.
Inspect for loose tie rod ends.
Inspect for loose or worn front wheel bearings.
Steering Wheel Surges or Jerks
Cupped Tires
Steering Wheel Kickback

SSANGYONG MY2002
2B-2 WHEEL ALIGNMENT
FOUR WHEEL ALIGNMENT
The first responsibility of engineering is to design safe
steering and suspension systems. Each component
must be strong enough to withstand and absorb extreme
punishment. Both the steering system and the front
and the rear suspension must function geometrically
with the body mass.
The steering and the suspension systems require that
the front wheels self-return and that the tire rolling effor t
and the road friction be held to a negligible force in
order to allow the customer to direct the vehicle with
the least effort and the most comfort.
A complete wheel alignment check should include mea-
surements of the rear toe and camber.
Four-wheel alignment assures that all four wheels will
be running in precisely the same direction.
When the vehicle is geometrically aligned, fuel economy
and tire life are at their peak, and steering and perfor
mance are maximized.
TOE-IN
Toe-in is the turning in of the tires, while toe-out is the
turning out of the tires from the geometric centerline or
thrust line. The toe ensures parallel rolling of the wheels.
The toe serves to offset the small deflections of the
wheel support system which occur when the vehicle is
rolling forward. The specified toe angle is the setting
which achieves 0 degrees of toe when the vehicle is
moving.
Incorrect toe-in or toe-out will cause tire wear and re
duced fuel economy. As the individual steering and
sus-pension components wear from vehicle mileage,
additional toe will be needed to compensate for the
wear.
Always correct the toe dimension last.
CASTER
Caster is the tilting of the uppermost point of the steering
axis either forward or backward from the vertical when
viewed from the side of the vehicle. A backward tilt is
positive, and a forward tilt is negative. Caster influences
directional control of the steering but does not affect
tire wear. Weak springs or overloading a vehicle will
affect caster. One wheel with more positive caster will
pull toward the center of the car. This condition will
cause the car to move or lean toward the side with the
least amount of positive caster. Caster is measured in
degrees.
CAMBER
Camber is the tilting of the top of the tire from the
vertical when viewed from the front of the vehicle. When
the tires tilt outward, the camber is positive. When the
tires tilt inward, the camber is negative. The camber
angle is measured in degrees from the vertical. Camber
in-fluences both directional control and tire wear.
If the vehicle has too much positive camber, the outside
shoulder of the tire will wear. If the vehicle has too
much negative camber, the inside shoulder of the tire
will wear.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION