Differential check TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1996 J80 Workshop Manual

IN04Q−07
−
INTRODUCTION TERMS
IN−33
33
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TERMS
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
AbbreviationsMeaning
ABSAnti−Lock Brake System
ACAlternating Current
ACCAccessory
ACISAcoustic Control Induction System
ACSDAutomatic Cold Start Device
A.D.D.Automatic Disconnecting Differential
A/FAir−Fuel Ratio
AHCActive Height Control Suspension
ALRAutomatic Locking Retractor
ALTAlternator
AMPAmplifier
ANTAntenna
APPROX.Approximately
A/TAutomatic Transmission (Transaxle)
AT FAutomatic Transmission Fluid
AUTOAutomatic
AUXAuxiliary
AV GAverage
AV SAdaptive Variable Suspension
BABrake Assist
BACSBoost Altitude Compensation System
BATBattery
BDCBottom Dead Center
B/LBi−Level
B/SBore−Stroke Ratio
BTDCBefore Top Dead Center
BVSVBimetallic Vacuum Switching V alve
Calif.California
CBCircuit Breaker
CCoCatalytic Converter For Oxidation
CDCompact Disc
CFCornering Force
CGCenter Of Gravity
CHChannel
COMB.Combination
CPECoupe
CPSCombustion Pressure Sensor
CPUCentral Processing Unit
CRSChild Restraint System
CTRCenter
C/VCheck Valve
CVControl Valve
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DI−136
−
DIAGNOSTICS AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
If the lock−up is defective:
Lock−up solenoid is stuck.
Lock−up control valve is stuck.
Lock−up signal value is stuck.
(2) In the same way, check the shock and slip at the 1 → 2, 2 →3 and 3 → O/D up−shift.
Evaluation:
If the shock is excessive:
Line pressure is too high.
Accumulator is defective.
Check ball is defective. (3) Run at the D position lock −up or O/D gear and check for abnormal noise and vibration.
HINT:
The check for the cause of abnormal noises and vibration must be made with \
extreme care as it could also
be due to loss of balance in the propeller shaft, differential, torque converter clutch, etc.
(4) While running in the D position, 2nd, 3rd and O/D gears, check to see that the\
possible kick −down
vehicle speed limits for 2 →1, 3 → 2 and O/D →3 kick−downs conform to those indicated on
the automatic shift schedule.
(5) Check for abnormal shock and slip at kick −down.
(6) Check for the lock −up mechanism.
Drive in D position, O/D gear, at a steady speed (lock −up ON) of about 95 km/h (59 mph).
Lightly depress the accelerator pedal and check that the engine RPM does not change
abruptly.
If there is a big jump in engine RPM, there is no lock −up.
(b) 2 position test. Shift into the 2 position and, while driving with the accelerator pedal held \
constantly at the full throttle
valve opening position, push in one of the pattern selectors and check the fo\
llowing points:
HINT:
When the 2nd start switch is on, there is no 1 → 2 up−shift and 2 →1 down−shift.
(1) Check to see that the 1 → 2 up− shift takes place and that the shift point conforms to the automatic
shift schedule.
HINT:
There is no O/D up−shift and lock−up in the 2 position. (2) While running in the 2 position and 2nd ge ar, release the accelerator pedal and check the engine
braking effect.
Evaluation:
If there is no engine braking effect:
2nd coast brake is defective. (3) Check for abnormal noise at acceleration and deceleration, and for shock at up −shift and down −
shift.
(c) L position test. (1) While running in the L position, check to see that there is no up −shift to 2nd gear.
(2) While running in the L position, release the accelerator pedal and check the engine braking ef- fect.
Evaluation:
If there is no engine braking effect:
1stand reverse brake is defective. (3) Check for abnormal noise during acceleration and deceleration.
(d) R position test. Shift into the R position and fully depress the accelerator pedal and ch\
eck for slipping.
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R04751
DI5LV−02
F00006
DLC1Short Pin
F00007
DLC1
E1Tc
DI−190
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
PRE−CHECK
1. DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
(a) Check the indicator.
When the ignition switch is turned ON, check that the ABS
warning light goes on for 3 seconds.
HINT:
If the indicator check result is not normal, proceed to trou-
bleshooting for the ABS warning light circuit (See page
DI−230 ).
When the transfer is in L position (center dif ferential lock),
the ABS does not operate and the ABS warning light
stays ON.
(b) Check the DTC. (1) Confirm that the center differential is free.
(2) Disconnect the short pin from the DLC1.
(3) Using SST, connect terminals Tc and E
1 of the
DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(4) Turn the ignition switch ON.
(5) Read the DTC from the ABS warning light on the combination meter.
HINT:
If no code appears, inspect the diagnostic circuit or ABS
warning light circuit (See page DI−233 or DI−230 ).
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R01346
Normal Code
0.25 sec.
0.25 sec.
2 sec.
ON
OFF
ON
OFF 0.5 sec. 0.5 sec.
Code 11 and 21
4 sec.
1.5 sec.
2.5 sec.
Code 11 Code 21
BR1804
F00006DLC1 Short Pin
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DI−191
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
As an example, the blinking patterns for normal code and
codes 11 and 21 are shown in the illustration.
(6) Code are explained in the code table on page
DI−196 .
(7) After completing the check, disconnect terminals Tc
and E
1, and turn off the display.
If 2 or more malfunctions are indicated at the same time the low-
est numbered DTC will be displayed 1st.
(c) Clear the DTC.
(1) Confirm that the center differential is free.
(2) Using SST, connect terminals Tc and E
1 of the
DLC1 and remove the short pin from the DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(3) Turn the ignition switch ON.
(4) Clear the DTC stored in ECU by depressing the
brake pedal 8 or more times within 3 seconds.
(5) Check that the warning light shows the normal
code.
(6) Remove the SST from the terminals of the DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(7) Connect the short pin to the DLC1.
HINT:
Cancellation can also be done by removing the ECU −B fuse,
but in this case, other memory systems will also be cancelled
out.
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N09348
Interface BoxHarness VehicleTOYOTA
Tester
Hand
−held
TOYOTA Break −out− box
F00007
DLC1
Ts Tc
E
1
BR3904
0.25 sec. 0.25 sec.
ON
OFF
DI−192
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(d) Using TOYOTA break −out− box and TOYOTA hand− held
tester, measure the ECU terminal values.
(1) Hook up the T OYOTA hand−held tester and TOYO-
TA break−out−box to the vehicle.
(2) Read the ECU input/output values by following the prompts on the tester screen.
HINT:
TOYOTA hand −held tester has a ”Snapshot ” function. This re-
cords the measured values and is effective in the diagnosis of
intermittent problems.
Please refer to the TOYOTA hand−held tester/TOYOTA break
out−box operators manual for further details.
2. SPEED SENSOR SIGNAL AND DECELERATION SEN-
SOR CHECK
(a) Check the speed sensor signal. (1) Conform that the center differential is free.
(2) Turn the ignition switch OFF.
(3) Using SST, connect terminals Ts and E
1 of the
DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(4) Start the engine.
(5) Check that the ABS warning light blinks.
HINT:
If the ABS warning light does not blink, inspect the ABS warning
light circuit (See page DI−230).
(6) Drive vehicle straight forward.
HINT:
Drive vehicle faster than 45 km/h (28 mph) for several seconds.
(7) Stop the vehicle.
(8) Using SST, connect terminals Tc and E
1 of the
DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(9) Read the number of blinks of the ABS warning light.
HINT:
See the list of DTC on page DI−190 .
If every sensor is normal, a normal code is output (A cycle of
0.25 sec. ON and 0.25 sec. OFF is repeated).
If 2 or more malfunction are indicated at the same time, the low-
est numbered code will be displayed 1st.
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BR3893
Malfunction Code (Example Code 72, 76)
72 6
7
ON
OFF
0.5 sec.
0.5 sec.
0.5 sec.
0.5 sec. 1.5 sec.
2.5 sec. 4 sec.
Repeat
F00007
E1
Ts
DLC1
R05599
0.13 sec.
0.13 sec.
3 sec.
ON
OFF
R05037
860 
30 mm
33.86  1.18 in.
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DI−193
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(10) After doing the check, disconnect terminals Ts and
E
1, Tc and E1 of the DLC1, and turn the ignition
switch OFF.
(b) Deceleration sensor detection point check. (1) Confirm that the center differential is free.
(2) Turn the ignition switch OFF.
(3) Using SST, connect terminals Ts and E
1 of the
DLC1.
SST 09843−18020
(4) Start the engine.
(5) Check that the ABS warning light blinks.
HINT:
If the ABS warning light does not blink, inspect the ABS warning
light circuit (See page DI−230).
(6) Jack up the rear side of the vehicle slowly.
HINT:
When measuring the height, measure at the center of the lower
body of the vehicle. (7) Check that the warning light blinks.
If the warning light turns on, inspect the deceleration sensor
installation. If the sensor installation is OK, replace the decel-
eration sensor. (8) Jack down the vehicle slowly.
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DI5LW−03
DI−196
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART
NOTICE:
When removing the part, turn the ignition switch OFF.
HINT:
Using SST 09843 −18020, connect the terminals Tc and E1, and remove the short pin.
If any abnormality is not found when inspection parts, inspect the ECU.
If a malfunction code is displayed during the DTC check, check the circu\
it listed that the code. For details
of each code, turn to the page referred to under the ”See page” for respective ”DTC N\
o.” in the DTC chart.
DTC No.
(See page)Detection Item Trouble Area
11
( DI−201 )Open circuit in ABS control (solenoid) relay circuitABS control (solenoid) relay
 Open or short in ABS control (solenoid) relay circuit
12
( DI−201 )Short circuit in ABS control (solenoid) relay circuitABS control (solenoid) relay
 B+ short in ABS control (solenoid) relay circuit
13
( DI−204 )Open circuit in ABS control (motor) relay circuitABS control (motor) relay
 Open or short in ABS control (motor) relay circuit
14
( DI−204 )Short circuit in ABS control (motor) relay circuitABS control (motor) relay
 B+ short in ABS control (motor) relay circuit
21
( DI−207 )Open or short circuit in 3 −position solenoid circuit for right front
wheel ABS actuator
 Open or short in SFR circuit
22
( DI−207 )Open or short circuit in 3− position solenoid circuit for left front
wheel ABS actuator
 Open or short in SFLcircuit
23
( DI−207 )Open or short circuit in 3− position solenoid circuit for rear
wheel ABS actuator
 Open or short in SRR circuit
31
( DI−210 )Right front wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
Right front, left front, right rear and left rear speed sensor
 Open or short in each speed sensor circuit
 Senser rotor32
( DI−210 )Left front wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
33
( DI−210 )Right rear wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
34
( DI−210 )Left rear wheel speed sensor signal malfunction
35
( DI−210 )Open circuit in left front or right rear speed sensor circuitOpen in left front or right rear speed sensor circuit
36
( DI−210 )Open circuit in right front or left rear speed sensor circuitOpen in right front or left rear speed sensor circuit
41
( DI−215 )Low battery positive voltage or abnormally high battery
positive voltageBattery
 IC regulator
 Open or short in power source circuit
43
( DI−218 )Malfunction in deceleration sensorDeceleration sensor
 Wire harness for deceleration sensor circuit
44
( DI−219 )Open or short in deceleration sensor circuitDeceleration sensor
 Open or short in deceleration sensor circuit
48
( DI−221 )Open or short circuit in center differential lock circuit
Center differential is lockingCenter differential lock
 Center differential lock circuit
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W02197
Ignition
Switch
Battery
AM1
F61
B−L 2 2
3
4
W
2 12
AM1R/B No. 2
2
BB
EA2
6
B−Y
42
GAUGEY A
A
J1
Junction
Connector
CENTER DIFF. LOCK
Indicator Light Y
C10
P−B
P−B
P−B
C11
5
A1319
EXI
CENTER
DIFF. LOCK
DETECTION
Switch ABS ECU
2
1
3
R/B No. 2
−
DIAGNOSTICS ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DI−221
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DTC 48 Center Differential Lock Circuit
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
48Open or short circuit in center differential lock circuit
Center differential is lockingCenter differential lock
 Center differential lock circuit
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
1 Check the center differential is free (Transfer is in H position).
NG Repair the center differential lock system.
OK
DI5M9−02
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MA04V−01
P22573
−
MAINTENANCE CHASSIS
MA−7
47
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
CHASSIS
INSPECTION
1. INSPECT STEERING LINKAGE
(a) Check the steering linkage for looseness or damage.
Check that the tie rod ends do not have excessive
play.
Check that the boot clamps are not loose.
(b) Inspect the dust cover for damage.
2. INSPECT SRS AIRBAG (Driver airbag: See page RS−9 )
(Front passenger airbag: See page RS−23 )
3. INSPECT STEERING GEAR HOUSING OIL
Check the steering gear housing for oil leakage.
If leakage is found, check for cause and repair.
4. INSPECT OIL LEVEL IN AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
(See page DI−131 )
5. INSPECT OIL LEVEL IN TRANSFER AND DIFFEREN- TIAL
(a) Transfer: Remove the filler plug and feel inside the hole with your
finger. Check that the oil comes to within 5 mm (0.20 in.)
of the bottom edge of the hole.
If the level is low, add oil until it begins to run out of the filler hole.
Oil drade: API GL −4 or GL−5
Viscosity: 75W−90
(b) Differential: Remove the filler plug and feel inside the hole with your
finger. Check that the oil comes to within 5 mm (0.20 in.)
of the bottom edge of the hole.
If the level is low, add oil until it begins to run out of the filler hole.
Oil drade: Hypoid gear oil API GL −5
Viscosity:
Above −18°C (0° F) SAE 90
Below −18°C (0° F) SAE 80W−90 or 80W
6. REPLACE AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (See page DI−3)
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SA1U7−01
−
SUSPENSION AND AXLE TROUBLESHOOTING
SA−1
858
Author: Date:
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
TROUBLESHOOTING
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
Use the table below to help you find the cause of the problem. The numbers \
indicate the priority of the likely
cause of the problem. Check each part in order. If necessary, replace these parts.
(w/ Differential locking system):
Check that center differential lock mode is set.
When switching differential Free↔Lock, the indicator lamp will blink if the gears of the differen-
tial lock sleeve are not meshed. If this occurs, when the tires are rotated \
to apply differential
power to the differential, the differential locks and the indicator lamp\
light up.
SymptomSuspect AreaSee page
Wander/ pulls
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
3. Steering linkage: loosen or worn
4. Hub bearings: loosen or worn
5. Steering gear: out of adjustment or brokenSA−3
SA−4
SR−47 SA−8
SR−41
Bottoming
1. Vehicle: overloaded
2. Spring weak
3. Shock absorber: worn out−
SA−49
SA−49
Sways/ pitches
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Stabilizer bar: bent or broken
3. Shock absorber: worn outSA−3
SA−60
SA−49
Front wheel shimmy
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheels: out of balance
3. Shock absorber: worn out
4. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
5. Hub bearings: loosen or worn
6. Steering linkage: loosen or worn
7. Steering gear: out of adjustment or brokenSA−3
SA−3
SA−49 SA−3
SA−7
SR−45
SR−38
Abnormal tire wear
1. Tires: worn or improperly inflated
2. Wheel alignmemt: incorrect
3. Suspension parts: worn out
4. Shock absorber: worn outSA−3
SA−3 −
SA−49
Noise in front dif ferential
1. Oil level: low or wrong grade
2. Excessive backlash between pinion and ring gear
3. Ring, pinion ro side gears: worn or chipped
4. Pinion shaft bearing: worn
5. Side bearing: worn
6. Differential bearing: loosen or wornSA−21
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
Oil leak from front dif ferential
1. Oil level: too high or wrong grade
2. Drive pinion oil seal: worn or damaged
3. Side gear oil seal: worn or damaged
4. Companion flange: loosen or damaged
5. Side gear shaft: damagedSA−21
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
SA−29
Noise in rear axle
1. Oil level: low or wrong grade
2. Excessive backlash between pinion and ring gear
3. Ring, pinion ro side gears: worn or chipped
4. Pinion shaft bearing: worn
5. Axle shaft bearing: worn
6. Differential bearing: loosen or wornSA−73
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
SA−87
Oil leak from rear axle1. Oil seal: worn or damaged
2. Rear axle housing: crackedSA−73
−
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