NISSAN X-TRAIL 2001 Service Repair Manual

CAMSHAFT
EM-51
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INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
Camshaft Runout
●Put V-block on a precise flat table, and support No. 2 and 5 jour-
nal of camshaft.
●Set dial gauge vertically to No. 3 journal.
●Turn camshaft to one direction with hands, and measure cam-
shaft runout on dial gauge. (Total indicator reading)
Camshaft Cam Height
1. Measure camshaft cam height.
2. If wear is beyond the limit, replace camshaft.
Camshaft Journal Clearance
Outer Diameter of Camshaft Journal
Measure outer diameter of camshaft journal.
Inner Diameter of Camshaft Bracket
●Tighten camshaft bracket bolt with specified torque.
●Using inside micrometer, measure inner diameter of camshaft
bracket.
Calculation of Camshaft Journal Clearance
(Journal clearance) = (inner diameter of camshaft bracket) – (outer
diameter of camshaft journal).
●When out of the specified range above, replace either or both camshaft and cylinder head.
NOTICE:
Inner diameter of camshaft bracket is manufactured together with cylinder head. Replace the whole cylin-
der head assembly.Standard: Less than 0.02 mm (0.0008 in).
PBIC0038E
Standard cam height:
Intake : 45.665 - 45.855 mm (1.7978 - 1.8053 in)
Exhaust
QR20DE : 42.825 - 43.015 mm (1.6860 - 1.6935 in)
QR25DE : 43.975 - 44.165 mm (1.7313 - 1.7388 in)
PBIC0039E
Standard outer diameter:
No. 1 : 27.935 - 27.955 mm (1.0998 - 1.1006 in)
No. 2, 3, 4, 5 : 23.435 - 23.455 mm (0.9226 - 0.9234 in)
PBIC0040E
Standard:
No. 1 : 28.000 - 28.021 mm (1.1024 - 1.1032 in)
No. 2, 3, 4, 5 : 23.500 - 23.521 mm (0.9252 - 0.9260 in)
Standard: 0.045 - 0.086 mm (0.0018 - 0.0034 in)
PBIC0041E

EM-52
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CAMSHAFT
Camshaft End Play
●Install dial gauge in thrust direction on front end of camshaft.
Measure end play of dial gauge when camshaft is moved for-
ward/backward (in direction to axis).
●When out of the specified range, replace with new camshaft and
measure again.
●When out of the specified range again, replace with new cylinder
head.
Camshaft Sprocket Runout
1. Install camshaft in cylinder head.
2. Install camshaft sprocket to camshaft.
3. Measure camshaft sprocket runout.
4. If it exceeds the limit, replace camshaft sprocket.
Valve Lifter
Check if surface of valve lifter has any wear or cracks.
Valve Lifter Clearance
Outer Diameter of Valve Lifter
Measure outer diameter of valve lifter.Standard: 0.115 - 0.188 mm (0.0045 - 0.0074 in)
PBIC0042E
Runout: Less than 0.15 mm (0.0059 in)
KBIA0181J
KBIA0182E
Valve lifter outer diameter:
33.965 - 33.980mm (1.3372 - 1.3378 in)
SEM961E

CAMSHAFT
EM-53
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Valve Lifter Hole Diameter
Using inside micrometer, measure diameter of valve lifter hole of cyl-
inder head.
Calculation of Valve Lifter Clearance
(Valve lifter clearance) = (hole diameter of valve lifter) – (outer diam-
eter of valve lifter).
●When out of specified range, referring to each specification of
outer and inner diameter, replace either or both valve lifter and
cylinder head.
Va l v e C l e a r a n c eEBS00LS3
INSPECTION
Perform inspection as follows after removal, installation or replacement of camshaft or valve-related parts, or if
there is unusual engine conditions due to changes in valve clearance over time (starting, idling, and/or noise).
1. Warm up engine. Then stop it.
2. Remove splash cover on RH undercover.
3. Remove rocker cover. Refer to EM-35, "
ROCKER COVER" .
4. Turn crankshaft pulley in normal direction (clockwise when
viewed from front) to align TDC identification notch (without
paint mark) with timing indicator.
5. At this time, check that the both intake and exhaust cam noses
of No. 1 cylinder face outside.
●If they do not face outside, turn crankshaft pulley once more.
6. By referring to the figure, measure valve clearances at locations
marked X as shown in the table below (locations indicated with
black arrow in figure) with a feeler gauge.
●No. 1 cylinder compression TDC.Standard: 34.000 - 34.021 mm (1.3386 - 1.3394 in)
Standard: 0.020 - 0.056 mm (0.0008 - 0.0022 in)
PBIC0043E
KBIA0190E
KBIA0400J
Measuring position No.1 CYL. No.2 CYL. No.3 CYL. No.4 CYL.
No.1 cylinder at
TDCINT X X
EXH X X
SBIA0261E

EM-54
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CAMSHAFT
●Use a feeler gauge, measure clearance between valve and
camshaft.
*: Reference data at approximately 20°C (68°F)
CAUTION:
If inspection was carried out with cold engine, check that
values with fully warmed up engine are still within specifications.
7. Turn crankshaft one revolution (360°) and align mark on crankshaft pulley with pointer.
8. By referring to the figure, measure valve clearances at locations
marked X as shown in the table below (locations indicated with
black arrow in figure).
●No.4 cylinder compression TDC.
9. If out of specifications, adjust as follows.
ADJUSTMENT
●Perform adjustment depending on selected head thickness of valve lifter.
●The specified valve lifter thickness is the dimension at normal temperatures. Ignore dimensional differ-
ences caused by temperature. Use the specifications for hot engine condition to adjust.
1. Remove camshaft. Refer to EM-46, "
REMOVAL" .
2. Remove the valve lifters at the locations that are outside the standard.
3. Measure the center thickness of the removed valve lifters with a
micrometer.
4. Use the equation below to calculate valve lifter thickness for replacement.
●Valve lifter thickness calculation.
t = t1 + (C1 – C2)
t = Thickness of replacement valve lifter
t1 = Thickness of removed valve lifter.
C1 = Measured valve clearance.
C2 = Standard valve clearance in cold condition [approximately 20°C (68°F)]. Valve clearance standard:
Hot Intake : 0.304 - 0.416 mm (0.012 - 0.016 in)
Exhaust : 0.308 - 0.432 mm (0.012 - 0.017 in)
Cold* Intake : 0.24 - 0.32 mm (0.009 - 0.013 in)
Exhaust : 0.26 - 0.34 mm (0.010 - 0.013 in)
Measuring position No.1 CYL. No. 2 CYL. No.3 CYL. No.4 CYL.
No.4 cylinder at
TDCINT X X
EXH X X
KBIA0185E
SBIA0262E
KBIA0057E
Intake : 0.36 mm (0.0142 in)
Exhaust : 0.37 mm (0.0146 in)

CAMSHAFT
EM-55
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●Thickness of a new valve lifter can be identified by stamp
marks on the reverse side (inside the cylinder).
Stamp mark 696 indicates 6.96 mm (0.2740 in) in thickness.
Available thickness of valve lifter: 26 sizes with range 6.96 to
7.46 mm (0.2740 to 0.2937 in) in steps of 0.02 mm (0.0008 in)
(when manufactured at factory).
5. Install the selected valve lifter.
6. Install camshaft.
7. Manually turn crankshaft pulley a few turns.
8. Check that valve clearances for cold engine are within specifica-
tions by referring to the specified values.
9. After completing the repair, check valve clearances again with the specifications for warmed engine. Make
sure the values are within specifications.
*: Reference data at approximately 20°C (68°F) Valve clearance standard:
Hot Intake : 0.32 - 0.40 mm (0.013 - 0.016 in)
Exhaust : 0.33 - 0.41 mm (0.013 - 0.016 in)
Cold* Intake : 0.24 - 0.32 mm (0.009 - 0.013 in)
Exhaust : 0.26 - 0.34 mm (0.010 - 0.013 in)
KBIA0119E

EM-56
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OIL SEAL
OIL SEAL
PFP:12279
Removal and Installation of Valve Oil SealEBS00KNM
REMOVAL
1. Remove camshaft. Refer to EM-46, "CAMSHAFT" .
2. Remove valve lifter. Refer to EM-46, "
CAMSHAFT" .
3. Rotate crankshaft, and set piston whose oil seal is to be
removed to top dead center. This prevents valve from dropping
inside cylinder.
CAUTION:
When rotating crankshaft, be careful to avoid scarring the
front cover with the timing chain.
4. Remove valve collet, valve spring retainer and valve spring with
SST. Refer to EM-59, "
CYLINDER HEAD" .
5. Remove valve oil seal with SST.
INSTALLATION
1. Apply new engine oil to valve oil seal joint surface and seal lip.
2. Press in valve oil seal to the position shown in the figure with
SST.
3. Install followings in the reverse order of removal.
Removal and Installation of Front Oil SealEBS00KNN
REMOVAL
1. Remove the parts listed below.
●Under cover (with splash cover).
●Drive belts. Refer to EM-12, "DRIVE BELTS" .
●Crank pulley. Refer to EM-37, "TIMING CHAIN" .
2. Remove front oil seal.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage front cover and crankshaft.
PBIC0277E
SEM093F
SBIA0270E

OIL SEAL
EM-57
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INSTALLATION
1. Apply new engine oil to new front oil seal joint surface and seal
lip.
2. Press in front oil seal to the position in the figure with suitable
tool.
CAUTION:
●Be careful not to damage front cover.
●Press fit oil seal straight to avoid causing burrs or tilting.
●Refer to figure for press fit direction of front oil seal.
3. Install followings in the reverse order of removal.
Removal and Installation of Rear Oil SealEBS00KNO
REMOVAL
1. Remove transaxle or automatic transaxle assembly. Refer to MT-15, "TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY" (M/T) or
AT- 4 1 8 , "
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION" (A/T).
2. Remove rear oil seal.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage crankshaft and cylinder block.
INSTALLATION
1. Apply new engine oil to new rear oil seal joint surface and seal lip.
2. Install rear oil seal with a suitable drift.
CAUTION:
●Do not touch grease applied onto oil seal lip.
●Be careful not to damage crankshaft and cylinder block.
●Press fit oil seal straight to avoid causing burrs or tilting.
●Refer to figure for press fit direction of rear oil seal.
SBIA0266E
SEM715A
SBIA0280E
SEM715A

EM-58
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OIL SEAL
●Press in rear oil seal to the position shown in the figure.
3. Install followings in the reverse order of removal.
●Install transaxle or automatic transaxle assembly. Refer to
MT-15, "
TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY" (M/T) or AT- 4 1 8 ,
"REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION" (A/T).
SBIA0281E

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-59
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CYLINDER HEADPFP:11041
On-Vehicle ServiceEBS00KNP
CHECKING COMPRESSION PRESSURE
1. Warm up engine thoroughly. Then, stop it.
2. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-775, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITH EURO-OBD)],
EC-1139, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)], EC-42, "FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE" [QR25DE (WITH EURO-OBD)] or EC-452, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR25DE
(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)].
3. Remove ignition coil and spark plug from each cylinder. Refer to EM-29, "
IGNITION COIL" and EM-30,
"SPARK PLUG" .
4. Connect engine tachometer (not required in use of CONSULT-II).
5. Disconnect fuel injector sub-harness to avoid fuel injection dur-
ing measurement.
6. Install compression tester with adapter onto spark plug hole.
●Use compression gauge whose picking up end inserted to
spark plug hole is smaller than 20 mm (0.79 in) in diameter.
Otherwise, it may be caught by cylinder head during removal.
7. With accelerator pedal fully depressed, turn ignition switch to
“START” for cranking. When the gauge pointer stabilizes, read
the compression pressure and engine rpm. Perform these steps
to check each cylinder.
Compression pressure
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi) /rpm
CAUTION:
Always use a fully changed battery to obtain specified engine speed.
KBIA0269E
KBIA0130E
SEM387C
Engine type Standard Minimum Deference limit between cylinders
QR20DE 1,190 (11.9, 12.1, 173) / 250 990 (9.9, 10.1, 144) / 250
100 (1.0, 1.0, 14) / 250
QR25DE 1,250 (12.5, 12.8, 181.3) / 250 1,060 (10.6, 10.8, 153.7) / 250

EM-60
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CYLINDER HEAD
●If the engine speed is out of specified range, check battery liquid for proper gravity. Check engine
speed again with normal battery gravity.
●If compression pressure is below minimum value, check valve clearances and parts associated with
combustion chamber (Valve, valve seat, piston, piston ring, cylinder bore, cylinder head, cylinder head
gasket). After the checking, measure compression pressure again.
●If some cylinders have low compression pressure, pour small amount of engine oil into the spark plug
hole of the cylinder to re-check it for compression.
–If the added engine oil improves the compression, the piston rings may be worn out or damaged. Check
the piston rings and replace if necessary.
–If the compression pressure remains at low level despite the addition of engine oil, the valves may be
malfunctioning. Check the valves for damage. Replace the valve or valve seat accordingly.
●If two adjacent cylinders have respectively low compression pressure and their compression remains
low even after the addition of engine oil, the gaskets are leaking. In such a case, replace the cylinder
head gaskets.
8. Install spark plug, ignition coil and harness connectors.
Removal and InstallationEBS00KNQ
REMOVAL
1. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-775, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITH EURO-OBD)],
EC-1139, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)], EC-42, "FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE" [QR25DE (WITH EURO-OBD)] or EC-452, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR25DE
(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)].
2. Drain engine coolant and engine oil.
3. Remove the following components and related parts.
●Engine hood and engine undercover.
●Air cleaner case and air duct assembly; Refer to EM-14, "AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .
●Ignition coils; Refer to EM-29, "IGNITION COIL" .
●Rocker cover; Refer to EM-35, "ROCKER COVER" .
●Engine coolant reservoir tank
●Drive belt; Refer to EM-12, "REMOVAL" .
●Alternator
●Drive belt auto-tensioner; Refer to EM-13, "REMOVAL" .
●Exhaust front tube; Refer to EX-2, "Removal and Installation" .
●Exhaust manifold; Refer to EM-24, "EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND THREE WAY CATALYST" .
KBIA0250E
1. Cylinder head assembly 2. Cylinder head gasket 3. Cylinder head bolt