DAEWOO MATIZ 2003 Service Repair Manual

IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM 9T – 9
DAEWOO M–150 BL2

SECTION 9T
IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
CAUTION: Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a
tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnecting this cable
will help prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in LOCK unless
otherwise noted.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description and Operation 9T-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immobilizer System 9T-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronically Coded Keys 9T-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detection Coil 9T-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immobilizer Control Unit 9T-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Data Link 9T-11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic Control Module (ECM) 9T-11. . . . . . . . . . .
Security Indicator 9T-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Information and Procedures 9T-13. . . .
Immobilizer System (FENIX 5MR) 9T-13. . . . . . . . . .
Immobilizer System (SIRIUS D3) 9T-13. . . . . . . . . . .
DTC 1600 ECM Immobilizer Error
(No Answer) 9T-14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC 1601 ECM Immobilizer Error
(Incorrect Answer) 9T-16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC 1602 ECM Immobilizer Error
(ECM Locked) 9T-18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P1628 ECM Immobilizer Error 9T-20. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P1629 ECM Immobilizer Error 9T-22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Key Status Errors (FENIX 5MR) 9T-24. . . . . . . . . . . .
Key Status Errors (SIRIUS D3) 9T-24. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication Between Immobilizer and
Test Equipment (FENIX 5MR) 9T-25. . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication Between Immobilizer and
Test Equipment (SIRIUS D3) 9T-25. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair Instructions 9T-26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Vehicle Service 9T-26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Key Coding Procedure 9T-26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ID Code Reprogramming 9T-26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transponder 9T-27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detection Coil 9T-27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immobilizer Control Unit 9T-28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications 9T-30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fastener Tightening Specifications 9T-30. . . . . . . . . .
Schematic and Routing Diagrams 9T-31. . . . . . . . . .
Immobilizer Anti-Theft System 9T-31. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remote Keyless Entry and Immobilizer
Anti-theft System 9T-32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9T–10 IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
IMMOBILIZER SYSTEM
The purpose of the Immobilizer system is to provide
additional theft deterrence to the vehicle in which it is
installed and to prevent it from being stolen or driven by
unauthorized users.
The verification of the user authorization is done by an
ignition key with integrated transponder.
The external LED displays the Immobilizer status and
has an additional theft deterrence function.
To secure the communication, the status is exchanged
between the Immobilizer and the ECM in a 5 byte of en-
coded data.
These 5 bytes are composed by a mixture of random
data and two types of fixed code

a vehicle model identification number : MIN

a vehicle specific identification : VIN
The MIN is known from the first supply of the system.
The VIN is realized by ICU on the special order from the
key coding (reading of transponder code and storing it
as valid key code in Immobilizer EEPROM).
A different random data is computed at each key transi-
tion.
All the immobilization communication between the ECM
and ICU is made on K-line (K line : Serial data line ’7’).
Due to the learning of the Vehicle specific identification
Number, both ICU and ECM can stay in 3 stable modes

Virgin mode (VIN not learnt)

Learnt mode (VIN learnt)

Neutral mode (for a new VIN learning)
In case of using valid key, the release message commu-
nication with the ECM take place and the LED displays
the Immobilizer status valid key In case of using invalid
key, the ECM disables the fuel injector circuit with coded
intervention and sets DTC(Diagnostic Trouble Code)
The above conditions are maintained until the ignition is
switched off.
An ECM without an immobilizer control unit cannot be
interchanged for an ECM that is used with an immobiliz-
er control unit system. The Immobilizer control unit and
ECM must have a matching ID code. ID coding and key
coding are accomplished by using Scanner–100
The Immobilizer system consists of

a maximum or 5 ignition keys with integrated trans-
ponder

the toroidal coil (Detection coil) for energizing and
reading the transponder mounted at the ignition lock.

the Immobilizer control unit(ICU) with :
– power supply
– ignition input circuit
– transponder modulation and demodulation unit – EEPROM
– driver electronic for the external status LED
– serial data link hardware

the external status LED for displaying the Immobilizer
status

the serial data link between Immobilizer and ECM
ELECTRONICALLY CODED KEYS
Each valid ignition key has an internal transponder
which is a read /write transponder.
The transponder contains an implementation of a cryp-
to-algorithm with 96 bits of user configurable s cret-key
contained in EEPROM and transmits data to the ICU by
modulating the amplitude of the ele tromagnetic field,
and receives data and commands in a similar way.
DETECTION COIL
The toroidal coil is mounted at the ignition lock in front of
the key barrel.
It is connected to the ICU with a four terminal connector
fixed at the body of the coil.
The length of the connection between coil and Immobi-
lizer is restricted to 50cm. The correct placement on the
ignition lock and the exact electrical data is very impor-
tant for the reading distance of transponder.
The toroidal coil and receiving coil inside the transpond-
er built a transformer. During the readingprocess the coil
induces energy into the transponder. The transponder
charges the field and generates an amplitude modulated
signal with the manchester coded data. This charge of
the field is demodulated inside the Immobilizer.
The Immobilizer contains the coil driver hardware for di-
rect connection of the toroidal coil.
IMMOBILIZER CONTROL UNIT
The function of the Immobilizer System is shared be-
tween the ICU and the ECM.
The task of the Immobilizer Electronic Control unit (ICU)
are:

Reading of the input information “ignition ON/OFF”

Controlling the states LED

Controlling the transponder read/write process (mod-
ulation, demodulation, decoding, comparison of the
read code with the code of the valid keys).

Communication with the ECM after ignition ON (re-
ceiving of the ECM-request and transmission of re-
lease message).

Special functions for calculation and handling of the
VIN-code.

IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM 9T–11
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
The VIN code is calculated by the Immobilizer using a
random generator.
The VIN code is transmitted from the Immobilizer in the
release message communication only incase of using
an authorized key. Without an authorized key it is not
possible to getthe system VIN code.In case of ECM in-
ternal state is in Virgin mode or neutral mode the ECM
learns the system VIN code automatically after receiving
the first release response message.
To get a synchronized Immobilizer system (same VIN-
code in Immobilizer and ECM,authorized key) the DLC
test equipment has to be used for authorization of the
keys(first key coding). The usage of this test equipment
is restricted to authorized persons.

Communication with the DLC-test equipment. Main
functions are the key coding procedure, the VIN-code
handling and the support for system test functions.

Handling of the software watchdog
Operation
In the active mode of immobilizer (engine OFF, IG key
OFF) the status LED is blinking as mode A. When igni-
tion is turned ON, the system wakes up and tries to read
out the transponder.
In case of the detection of a valid key , The release mes-
sage communication with the ECM takes place. The sta-
tus LED displays the Immobilizer state “valid key”.
After turning off the ignition(ignition OFF detection simi-
lar to the ECM ignition OFF detection), the Immobilizer
changes to the active mode. The status LED is blinking
as Mode A.
Data Link Connector (DLC) Mode
When the ignition is on, a scan tool can switch the immo-
bilizer control unit to the DLC mode for diagnostics, key
coding and ID coding.

The status LED is turned off during DLC-mode

The Immobilizer will answer all correct messages,
which are defined as Immobilizer messages.
ID Code Handling
One of 65,535 VIN codes is stored in the immobilizer
EEPROM.
The VIN code can be erased by using “Reset VIN code”
command of the scan tool.
When the immobilizer control unit calculates a new VIN
code, ECM VIN code should be reset to get identical
with the immobilizer control unit’s.
During diagnostic procedures, the VIN code can be read
for comparison with the ECM VIN code by using the
scan tool’s “Read immobilizer control unit VIN code”
command.
SERIAL DATA LINK
Serial data can be exchanged between a scan tool and
the ECM and the Immobilizer control unit. The scan tool
connection is the data link connector (DLC).
ELECTRONIC CONTROL MOUDLE
(ECM)

ECM in Virgin mode
In this mode, the ECM knows only the model vehicle
identifier code.
The engine can be locked/unlocked.
ECM requests to ICU the VIN number. As soon as the
ECM receives two correct consecutive communica-
tion frames with the same VIN code the ECM learns
it.
The VIN code will be stored in non-volatile memory at
the end of power latch phase. ECM enters in Learnt
mode.

ECM in Learnt mode
In such a state, ECM checks on every communica-
tion, the correct encoding of the ICU.
If the code received is not correct, then the vehicle is
immobilized.
The coded 5 bytes of data emitted by ECM are a mix-
ture of MIN code and random.
The coded 5 bytes of data emitted by ICU are a mix-
ture of VIN code and random.

ECM in Neutral mode
This mode is a special intermediate mode, used for
ICU replacement or immobilizer option installation.
ECM request to ICU the VIN number. As soon as the
ECM receives two correct consecutive communica-
tion frames with the same VIN code the ECM learns
it. The VIN code will be stored in non-volatile memory
at the end of power latch phase. ECM enters in
Learnt mode.

After turning on the ignition the ECM will control the
engine in a normal way for starting and running while
waiting for a valid release response message from
the Immobilizer.
1. After receiving a response message including the in-
formation “ICU in learnt mode” and the correct sys-
tem VIN-code
→ the ECM enters the release state, which allows to
continue the running of the engine.
2. After receiving a response message including the in-
formation “ICU in learnt mode” and a wrong system
VIN-code
→ the ECM does not send a new request and enters
the blocked state, which causes the activation of the
immobilization actions of the engine.

9T–12 IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
3. If the ECM doesn’t receive a response message with-
in a defined time from beginning of the release time
period or the ECM receives a no release answer
→ the ECM enters the blocked state, which causes the
activation of the immobilization actions of the engine.

The inactive state of the Immobilizer (valid key/invalid
key) ends with turning off the ignition.
SECURITY INDICATOR
There is a security indicator on the instrument panel.
Status LED
An external LED displays the immobilizer system status.
The immobilizer contains the LED driver hardware for di-
rect connection of one LED.
Status LED Modes
Status
LEDImmobilizer
System StatusNote
BlinkingActive– Ignition OFF
BlinkingActive– Invalid key
detected
– Ignition ON
OFFInactive– Valid key detected
– Ignition ON
BlinkingActive– VIN-code is
different between
ICU and ECM in
learnt state
– Ignition ON
ONActive– Transponder
reading error
– Ignition ON
BlinkingActive– Reader exciter
ASIC error
– Ignition OFF

IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM 9T–13
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES
IMMOBILIZER SYSTEM (FENIX 5MR)
The immobilizer anti-theft system requires diagnosis
when it is not possible to start the engine. If the no-start
condition occurs because of the immobilizer system, a
diagnostic trouble code (DTC) 1600, 1601 or
1602 should be set.
The immobilizer control unit monitors the detection and
the reading of the ignition key. The self-test capacity is
limited to those functions. Faults are communicated to a
scan tool during diagnosis, but they are not stored in the
immobilizer control unit’s memory.
Unauthorized use of a scan tool could be a method of
defeating the immobilizer anti-theft system, so certain
scan tool procedures require the use of a password. The
following functions are password protected:

Coding of an additional key.

Deleting all key codes.

Deletion of the immobilizer identification (ID) code.

Deletion of the electronic control module (ECM) ID
code.
The following functions do not require a password:

Reading an ignition key to determine if the transpond-
er is working or if a key is authorized.
Reading the immobilizer ID code to verify that it
matches the ECM ID code.
IMMOBILIZER SYSTEM (SIRIUS D3)
The immobilizer anti-theft system requires diagnosis
when it is not possible to start the engine. If the no-start
condition occurs because of the immobilizer system, a
diagnostic trouble code (P) 1628, 1629 should be set.
The immobilizer control unit monitors the detection and
the reading of the ignition key. The self-test capacity is
limited to those functions. Faults are communicated to a
scan tool during diagnosis, but they are not stored in the
immobilizer control unit’s memory.
Unauthorized use of a scan tool could be a method of
defeating the immobilizer anti-theft system, so certain
scan tool procedures require the use of a password. The
following functions are password protected:

Coding of an additional key.

Deleting all key codes.
The following functions do not require a password:

Reading an ignition key to determine if the transpond-
er is working or if a key is authorized.

Reading the immobilizer ID code to verify that it
matches the ECM ID code.

9T–14 IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
D19T002B
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 1600
ECM IMMOBILIZER ERROR (NO ANSWER)
Circuit Description
When the ignition is turned ON, the key is tested by the
immobilizer anti-theft system. While the key code is be-
ing read by the immobilizer control unit, the engine can
start and run with any key that will turn the lock cylinder.
The key code is read and compared with key codes that
have been stored in the memory of the immobilizer con-
trol unit. If a valid key is detected, the immobilizer control
unit sends a serial data release message to the elec-
tronic control module (ECM). Included in the release
message is an identification (ID) code which assures
that neither the immobilizer control unit nor the ECM has
been substituted to defeat the system. If the ECM re-
ceives an invalid release message, the ECM performs
the following actions:
Disables the fuel injector circuit.

Disables the fuel pump circuit.

Disables the ignition coil.
DTC Will Set When

The ECM does not receive the signal from the immo-
bilizer control module when the ignition is turned on.

The above conditions are maintained until the ignition
is switched OFF.
DTC 1600 Will Clear When

The ignition switch is turned OFF or the scan tool
TROUBLE CODE CLEAR command is issued.

IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM 9T–15
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
DTC 1600 – ECM Immobilizer Error (No Answer)
StepActionValueYesNo
1
Connect the scan tool using the following procedure:
1. Insert the cartridge into the scan tool.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position.
3. Connect the scan tool to the data link connector
(DLC).
4. Connect the scan tool’s power cord to the cigar
lighter socket.
5. Turn the ignition ON, but do not start the engine.
Is communication established between the scan tool
and the immobilizer control unit?
–
Go to Step 2
Go to
“Communi-
cation
Between
Immobilizer
and Test
Equipment”
2
Select CURRENT KEY STATUS from the scan tool
menu.
Did the STATUS OF CURRENT KEY message
indicate “KEY IS WRONG”?
–
Go to “Key
Status Errors”
Go to Step 3
3
Read the IMMO & ECM ID CODE message that
was displayed after requesting DIAGNOSIS.
Did the message differ from normal message?
Normal Message –ECM MODE: LEARNT
IMMO. MODE: LEARNT
VIN CODE: SAME
–
Go to
“Identification
(ID) Code
Repro-
gramming”
Go to Step 4
4
Check for an open serial data wire between the
immobilizer control unit and the ECM.
Was the circuit open?
–
Go to Step 5Go to Step 6
5
Repair the open serial data wire between the ECM
and the immobilizer control unit.
Is the repair complete?
–
System OK
–
6
1. Replace the ECM.
2. Reprogram the identification (ID) code. Refer to
“Identification (ID) Code Reprogramming” in this
section.
Is the repair complete?
–
System OK
–

9T–16 IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
D19T002B
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 1601
ECM IMMOBILIZER ERROR (INCORRECT ANSWER)
Circuit Description
When the ignition is turned ON, the key is tested by the
immobilizer anti-theft system. While the key code is be-
ing read by the immobilizer control unit, the engine can
start and run with any key that will turn the lock cylinder.
The key code is read and compared with key codes that
have been stored in the memory of the immobilizer con-
trol unit. If a valid key is detected, the immobilizer control
unit sends a serial data release message to the elec-
tronic control module (ECM). Included in the release
message is an identification (ID) code which assures
that neither the immobilizer control unit nor the ECM has
been substituted to defeat the system. If the ECM re-ceives an invalid release message, the ECM performs
the following actions:

Disables the fuel injector circuit.

Disables the fuel pump circuit.

Disables the ignition coil.
DTC 1601 Will Set When

The ECM receives an incorrect release message
from the immobilizer control unit more than five times.
DTC 1601 Will Clear When

The ignition switch is turned OFF or the scan tool
TROUBLE CODE CLEAR command is issued.

IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM 9T–17
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
DTC 1601 – ECM Immobilizer Error (Incorrect Answer)
StepActionValueYesNo
1
Connect the scan tool using the following procedure:
1. Insert the cartridge into the scan tool.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF.
3. Connect the scan tool to the data link connector
(DLC).
4. Connect the scan tool’s power cord to the cigar
lighter socket.
5. Turn the ignition ON, but do not start the engine.
Is communication established between the scan tool
and the immobilizer control unit?
–
Go to Step 2
Go to
“Communi-
cation
Between
Immobilizer
and Test
Equipment”
2
1. Select CURRENT KEY STATUS from the scan
tool menu.
2. Read the STATUS OF CURRENT KEY message.
Does the KEY STATUS message indicate “KEY IS
WRONG”?
–
Go to “Key
Status Errors”
Go to Step 3
3
1. Select DIAGNOSIS from the scan tool menu.
2. Read the IMMO & ECM ID CODE (immobilization
and electronic control module identification code)
message.
Did the message differ from normal message?
Normal Message –ECM MODE: LEARNT
IMMO. MODE: LEARNT
VIN CODE: SAME
–Go to
“Identification
(ID) Code
Repro-
gramming”
Go to Step 4
4
Check for an open serial data wire between the
immobilizer control unit and the electronic control
module (ECM).
Was the circuit open?
–
Go to Step 5Go to Step 6
5
Repair the open serial data wire between the ECM
and the immobilizer control unit.
Is the repair complete?
–
System OK
–
6
1. Replace the ECM.
2. Reprogram the ID code.
Is the repair complete?
–
System OK
–

9T–18 IMMOBILIZER ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
DAEWOO M–150 BL2
D19T002B
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 1602
ECM IMMOBILIZER ERROR (ECM LOCKED)
Circuit Description
When the ignition is turned ON, the key is tested by the
immobilizer anti-theft system. While the key code is be-
ing read by the immobilizer control unit, the engine can
start and run with any key that will turn the lock cylinder.
The key code is read and compared with key codes that
have been stored in the memory of the immobilizer con-
trol unit. If a valid key is detected, the immobilizer control
unit sends a serial data release message to the elec-
tronic control module (ECM). Included in the release
message is an identification (ID) code which assures
that neither the immobilizer control unit nor the ECM has
been substituted to defeat the system. If the ECM re-ceives an invalid release message, the ECM performs
the following actions:

Disables the fuel injector circuit.

Disables the fuel pump circuit.

Disables the ignition coil.
DTC 1602 Will Set When

The immobilizer control unit does not learn and store
the codes of valid keys.
DTC 1602 Will Clear When

The ignition switch is turned OFF or the scan tool
TROUBLE CODE CLEAR command is issued.