suspension ISUZU TROOPER 1995 Repair Manual

4C-6 FRONT DRIVING AXLE
UNIT REPAIR
FRONT DRIVE AXLE ASSEMBLY
9
3
Disassembly steps
1. Hub assembly 2. Steering link and arm assembly 3. Suspension crossmember 4. Propeller shaft 5. Mounting bolt and nut 6. Washer and spacer
4
7. Bolt (Right side)
8. Front axle case assembly and front drive shaft assembly (Left side) 9. Front drive shaft assembly (Right side)
Fig. 4C-6
I
j
1
Reassembly steps To reassemble, follow the disassembly steps in the reverse
order.
•

l•!•l DISASSEMBLY
•
•
•
Jack up the vehicle and support it using jack
stands.
Remove the
tire and wheel.
Remove the drain bolt to drain differential oil.
NOTE:
•
During the work, be sure that the diff case is
supported by the jack (Fig. 4C-7).
Fig.
4C-7
• Remov: the brake caliper fixing bolt and hang
the caliper. Refer to Section 5A2 "DISC
BRAKES".
•
Remove the antilock brake system speed
sensor.
(If equipped with antilock brake
system) Refer
to Section 5A4 "4-WHEEL ANTI­
LOCK
BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS)".
1. Hub assembly (Disc, back plate and knuckle)
• Remove the locking hub. Refer to this Section
"FRONT HUB AND DISC".
•
Disconnect the knuckle and the suspension
arm. Refer
to Section 3C "FRONT SUSPEN­
SION".
2. Steering link and arm assembly
• Refer to Section 3B3 "STEERING LINKAGE".
3. Suspension crossmember
4. Propeller shaft
• Refer to Section 4A "PROPELLER SHAFT".
5. Mounting bolt and nut (Fig. 4C-8)
FRONT DRIVING AXLE 4C-7
Fig. 4C-8
6. Washer and spacer
7. Bolt (Fig. 4C-9)
• Remove the mounting bracket fixing bolt.
Fig. 4C-9
8. Front axle case assembly and front drive shaft
assembly (LH side) (Fig. 4C-10)
• Lower the vehicle and disconnect the RH front
drive shaft assembly, and then remove the
front axle case assembly and front drive shaft
assembly (LH).
Fig. 4C-10

4C - 8 FRONT DRIVING AXLE
9. Front drive shaft assembly (RH)
l•!•l REASSEMBLY
9. Front drive shaft assembly (RH)
• Lay the assembly on the lower arm.
8. Front axle case assembly and front drive shaft
assembly (LH)
• Place the axle case on the jack, connect to the
front drive shaft assembly (RH) before
installing to the vehicle.
7. Bolt
• Tighten the mounting bracket fixing bolt to
the specified torque.
~~~ Torque N.m (lb.ft) I 116 (85)
6. Washer and spacer (Fig. 4C-11)
5. Mounting bolt and nut (Fig. 4C-11)
• Tighten the mounting bolt and nut to the
specified torque.
~~~ Torque N·m (lb.ft) I 152 (112)
< From
=---Washer
A--Bolt
Fig. 4C-11
4. Propeller shaft
• Refer to Section 4A "FRONT PROPELLER
SHAFT".
3. Suspension crossmember
2. Steering link and arm assembly
• Refer to Section 383 "STEERING LINKAGE".
1. Hub assembly (Disc, back plate and knuckle)
• Refer to Section 5A2 "DISC BRAKES" and
Section
3C "FRONT SUSPENSION".

HYDRAULIC BRAKES 5A-3
DIAGNOSIS OF BRAKE SYSTEM
Condition
Possible Cause Correction
Brake
Pull 1. Tire inflation pressures unequal. 1. Adjust
2. Front wheel alignment incorrect. 2. Adjust
3. Unmatched tires on same axle. 3. Tires with approx. the same amount of
tread should be used on the same axle.
4. Restricted brake pipes or hoses. 4. Check for soft hoses and damaged
lines. Replace with new hoses and new
double-walled steel brake piping.
5. Water or oil on brake pads. 5. Clean or replace.
6. Brake pads hardened. 6. Replace.
7. Brake pads worn excessively. 7. Replace.
8. Brake rotor worn or scored. 8. Grind or replace.
9. Disc brake caliper malfunctioning. 9. Clean or replace.
10. Front hub bearing preload incorrect. 10. Adjust or replace.
11. Loose suspension parts. 11. Check all suspension mountings.
12. Loose
calipers. 12. Check and tighten bolts to specifi-
cations.
Brake 1. Excessive lateral runout. 1. Check per instructions.
Roughness-or If not within specifications, replace or
Chatter machine the rotor.
(Pulsates) 2. Parallelism not within specifications. 2. Check per instructions.
If not within specifications, replace or
machine the rotor.
3. Wheel bearings not adjusted. 3. Adjust wheel bearings to correct
specifications.
4. Pad reversed (steel against iron). 4. Replace brake pad and machine rotor
to within specifications.
Excessive Pedal 1. Malfunctioning vacuum booster. 1. Check vacuum booster operation and
Effort repair, if necessary.
2. Partial system failure. 2. Check front and rear brake system for
failure and repair. Also, check brake
warning
light. If a failed system
is
found, the
light should indicate a
failure.
3. Excessively worn pad. 3. Check and replace pads in sets.
4. Piston in caliper stuck or sluggish. 4. Remove caliper and rebuild.
5. Fading brakes due to incorrect pad. 5. Remove and replace with original
equipment pad or equivalent.
6. Vacuum leak to vacuum booster. 4. Check for ruptured or loose hose.
7. Check direction of check valve within 5. Correct vacuum hose direction.
vacuum hose.
8. Grease on the brake pads. 6. Replace or clean.
Excessive Brake 1. Air in hydraulic circuit. 1. Bleed hydraulic circuit.
Pedal Travel 2. Level of brake fluid in reservoir too low. 2. Replenish brake fluid reservoir to speci-
fied
level and bleed hydraulic circuit as
necessary.
3. Master cylinder push rod clearance ex-3. Adjust.
cessive.
4. Leakage in hydraulic system. 4. Correct or replace defective parts.

5A-6 HYDRAULIC BRAKES
NOTE:
Do not allow the fluid level in the reservoir to go below
the half-way mark.
12. Reconnect the brake pipe
(j) to the master
cylinder and tighten the pipe.
13. Depress the brake pedal
slowly once and hold it
depressed.
14. Loosen the rear wheel brake pipe (j) at the master
cylinder (Fig. 5A-1).
15. Retighten the brake pipe, then release the brake
pedal
slowly.
16. Repeat steps 13 through 15 until no air comes out
from the port when the brake pipe is loosened.
NOTE:
Be very careful not to allow the brake fluid to come in
contact
with painted surfaces.
17. Bleed the air from the front wheel brake pipe
connection
® by repeating steps 7 through 16
(Fig.
5A-1 ).
Fig. 5A-1
Bleeding the caliper
18. Bleed the air from each wheel in the order listed
below.
• Right rear caliper
• Left rear caliper
• Right front caliper
• Left front caliper
If brake fluid does not come out or brake fluid does
not remain in the master cylinder while bleeding
each
caliper in the order listed above, the master
cylinder may contain air in its bore. First bleed the
master cylinder
as described in step 7 through 17.
19.
Place the proper size box end wrench over the
bleeder screw.
20. Cover the bleeder screw with a transparent tube,
and submerge the free end
of the transparent
tube in a transparent container containing brake
fluid.
21. Pump the brake pedal slowly three (3) times
(once/sec), then
hold it depressed.
22. Loose the bleeder screw until fluid flows through
the tube.
23. Retighten the bleeder screw.
24. Release the brake pedal slowly.
25. Repeat step 21 through 24 until the air is com­
pletely removed.
It may be necessary to repeat
the bleeding procedure
10 or more times for front
wheels and 15 or more times for rear wheels.
26. Go to the next wheel in the sequence after each
wheel is bled.
Be sure to monitor reservoir fluid
level.
27. Depress the brake pedal to check if you feel
"sponginess" after the air has been removed from
all wheel cylinders and calipers. If the pedal feels
"spongy", the entire bleeding procedure must be
repeated.
28. After the bleeding operation is completed on each
individual wheel, check the level
of brake fluid in
the reservoir and replenish up to the
"MAX" level
if necessary.
29. Attach the reservoir cap.
• If the diaphragm inside the cap is deformed,
reform
it and install.
30. Stop the engine.
FLUSHING BRAKE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
It is recommended that the entire hydraulic system be
thoroughly flushed with clean brake fluid whenever
new parts are
installed in the hydraulic system.
Approximately one quart
of fluid is required to flush the
hydraulic system.
The system
must be flushed if there is any doubt as to
the grade
of fluid in the system or iffluid has been used
which contains the
slightest trace of mineral oil. All
rubber parts that have been subjected to a con­
taminated fluid
must be replaced.
BRAKE PIPES AND HOSES
The hydraulic brake system components are inter­
connected
by special steel piping and flexible hoses.
Flexible hoses are used between the frame and the
front calipers, the frame and rear axle case and the rear
axle and the rear calipers.
When the hydraulic pipes have been disconnected
for
any reason, the brake system must be bled after
reconnecting the pipe; refer to
"Bleeding the Brake
Hydraulic
System" in this section.
BRAKE HOSE INSPECTION
The brake hoses should be inspected at least twice a
year. The brake hose assembly should
be checked for
road hazard, cracks and chafing ofthe outer cover, and
for leaks and blisters. Inspect for proper routing and
mounting
of the hose. A brake hose that rubs on
suspension components
will wear and eventually fail.
A light and mirror may be needed for an adequate
inspection.
If any of the above conditions are observed
on the brake hose, adjust
or replace the hose as
necessary.
\fl CAUTION:
'V Never allow brake components such as calipers
to hang from the brake hoses, as damage to the
hoses may occur.

INSPECTION OF BRAKE PAD LINING
(Fig. SA-6)
Inspect the brake linings any time the wheels are
removed (tire rotation, etc.). Check both ends
of the
outer pad by
looking at each end of the caliper. These
are the points at which the highest rate
of wear
normally occurs. At the same time, check the lining
thickness on the inner shoe to make sure that it was not
worn prematurely. Some inboard shoes and linings
have a thermal layer against the shoe, integrally
molded
with the lining. This extra layer should not be
confused with uneven inboard-outboard lining wear.
Look
down through the inspection hole in the top of the
caliper to view the inner shoe. Whenever the thickness
of any lining is worn to within 1 mm (0.039 in) of the
shoe,
all disc brake pad and lining assemblies should
be replaced at the same time.
The disc pads have a
wear indicator that makes a noise
when the pad wear to a degree where replacement is
required.
100
Limit 11.0 mm (0.039 in) I
Fig. 5A-6
INSPECTION OF BRAKE ROTORS
In manufacturing the brake rotor, tolerances of the
braking surfaces
for flatness, parallelism and lateral
runout are held very close. The maintenance of close
tolerance
on the shape of the braking surfaces is
necessary to prevent brake roughness.
In addition to these tolerances, the surface finish must
be held to a specified range. The control ofthe braking
surface finish is necessary to avoid
pulls and erratic
performance and to extend
lining life.
Light scoring of the rotor surfaces not exceeding
0.38mm (0.015 in) in depth, which may result from
normal use, is not detrimental to brake operation.
Thickness Variation Check (Fig. 5A-7)
1. Thickness variation can be checked by measuring
the thickness
of the rotor at four or more points
around the circumference
of the rotor. All
measurements must be made at 29 mm (1.14 in)
front/22 mm (0.87 in) rear from the edge of the
rotor.
HYDRAULIC BRAKES 5A-11
Fig. 5A-7
~~~ Front Disc Brake Rotor Thickness
Standard mm (in) 26.0 (1.024)
Limit mm(in) 24.6 (0.969)
~~~Rear Disc Brake Rotor Thickness
Standard mm (in) 18.0 (0.709)
Limit mm (in) 16.6 (0.654)
2. A rotor that varies by more than 0.010 mm
(0.0004 in) can cause pedal pulsation and/or front
end vibration during brake applications. A rotor
that does not meet these specifications should be
refinished
to specifications or replaced.
Lateral Runout Check (Fig. 5A-8)
1. Adjust the wheel bearing correctly.
• Refer to "Front Drive Axle" in Section 4C.
2. Install 2 wheel nuts to retain rotor.
3. Fasten a dial indicator to the suspension so that
the indicator stylus contacts the rotor about
29 mm (1.14 in)-front/22 mm (0.87 in)-rear from
the rotor edge.
4. Zero the dial indicator.
5. Move the rotor one complete revolution and
observe
total indicated runout.
Fig. 5A-8

CHECKING LATERAL RUNOUT (Fig. 5A2-10)
1. Adjust the wheel bearing correctly.
•
Refer to "Front Drive Axle" in Section 4C.
2. Attach a dial indicator to some portion of the
suspension so that the stem contacts the
rotor
face about 29 mm (1.14 in) from the rotor edge.
3. Move the rotor one complete rotation.
• The lateral runout should not exceed 0.13 mm
(0.005 in)
~~~ Maximum runout mm (in) I 0.13 (0.005)
Fig. 5A2-1 0
'-' PARALLELISM (Fig. 5A2-11)
Parallelism is the measurement of the thickness of the
rotor at
four or more points around the circumference
of the rotor. All measurement must be made at 29 mm
(1.14 in) from the edge of the rotor.
The
rotor thickness must not vary more than 0.010 mm
(0.0004 in) from point to point.
~~~ Maximum parallelism mm (in) I 0.010 (0.0004)
----------1 '-----...
Fig. 5A2-11
'-' REPLACING BRAKE ROTORS
When installing new brake rotors, do not refinish the
surfaces. These parts are
atthe correct level of surface
finish.
DISC BRAKES 5A2-5
REFINISHING BRAKE ROTORS (Fig. 5A2-12)
Accurate control of the rotor tolerances is necessary
for proper performance ofthe disc brakes. Machining
of the rotor should be done only with precision
equipment.
All brake rotors have a minimum thickness
dimension cast into them. This dimension
is the
minimum wear dimension and not a refinish
dimension. The
minimum wear dimension is
24.60 mm (0.969 in). The minimum refinish dimension
is 24.97
mm (0.983 in).
When refinishing rotors,
always use sharp cutting tools
or bits. Dull or worn tools leave a poor surface finish
which
will affect initial braking performance. Vibration
dampening attachments
should always be used when
refinishing braking surfaces. These attachments
eliminate tool chatter and will result in better surface
finish.
After refinishing, replace any rotor that does not meet
the minimum thickness of 24.97 mm (0.983 in). Do not
use a brake rotor that will not meet the specification.
~~~ Minimum wear
dimension mm (in) 24.60 (0.969)
Refinish dimension
mm (in) 24.97
(0.983)
I
II lllJl I
1 t
I
Fig. 5A2-12

5A2-12 DISC BRAKES
1. Wheel and tire assembly
• Refer to "Wheels and Tires" in Section 3E.
• Pump the brake pedal several times to
make sure that the pedal
is firm. Check the
brake fluid level in the reservoir after
pumping the brakes.
SERVICING THE ROTOR
In the manufacturing of the brake rotor, all the
tolerances regarding surface finish, parallelism and
lateral runout are held very closely. The maintenance
of these tolerances provide the surface necessary to
assure smooth brake operation.
LATERAL RUNOUT
Lateral runout is the movement of the rotor from side
to side as it rotates on the spindle. This could also be
referred
to as "rotor wobble".
This movement causes the piston to be knocked back
into its bore. This
results in additional pedal travel and
a vibration during braking.
CHECKING LATERAL RUNOUT (Fig. 5A2-36)
1. Attach a dial indicator to some portion of the
suspension so
that the stem contacts the rotor
face about 22 mm (0.87 in) from the rotor edge.
2. Move the rotor one complete rotation.
• The lateral runout should not exceed 0.13 mm
(0.005 in)
~~~ Maximum runout mm (in) I 0.13 (0.005)
Fig. 5A2-36
PARALLELISM (Fig. 5A2-37)
Parallelism is the measurement of the thickness of the
rotor at
four or more points around the circumference
of the rotor. All measurements must be made at
22 mm (0.87 in) from the edge of the rotor.
The rotor thickness
must not vary more than 0.010 mm
(0.0004 in) from point to point.
Maximum parallelism variation mm (in) 0
·01 0 (0.000 4
)
REPLACING BRAKE ROTORS
When installing new brake rotors, do not refinish the
surfaces. These parts are at the correct
level of surface
finish.
Fig. 5A2-37

6A1 50 ENGINE (V6 3.2L DOHC AND SOHC)
OIL PAN
1
6
Removal steps 1. Oil level dipstick
2. Stone guard
3. Radiator under fan shroud
4. Suspension crossmembers
5.
Flywheel dust cover
6. Pitman arm and
idler arm
7. Axle housing assembly 8. Oil pan fixing bolts and nuts
9. Oil pan
Installation steps
To install, follow the removal steps in the reverse order.
Fig. 6A1-58
1••1 REMOVAL
Preparation: • Disconnect battery ground cable.
•
Drain engine oil.
•
Lift vehicle by supporting the frame.
• Remove front wheels.
1. Oil level dipstick
• Remove a dip stick from level gage tube.
2. Stone guard
3. Radiator under fan shroud
4.
5.
6.
Suspension crossmembers
• Remove fixing bolts, 2 pes each per side.
Flywheel dust cover
Pitman arm and
idler arm
~·
Using the special tool, remove pitman arm
from the steering unit.
Remover: J-291
07
• Remove four fixing bolts four idler arm.
7. Axle housing assembly
• Remove two bolts and nuts from housing
isolators on both sides. Atthis time, supportthe
axle with a garage jack.
8. Oil pan fixing bolts and nuts
9. Oil pan (Fig. 6A1-59)
fiOil • Using sealer cutter, remove oil pan.
~ Sealer cutter: J-37228
NOTE:
Do not deform or damage the flange of oil pan.
Replace the oil pan if deformed or damaged.
•

.., ¢'
-
Fig. 6A1-59
1••1 INSTALLATION
9. Oil pan (Fig. 6A1-60)
m • Remove residual sealant, lubricant and
~ moisture from mounting surface, then dry
throughly.
ISPI• Apply a properly wide bead of sealant (TB-
1207C or equivalent) to mounting surface of oil
pan. Sealant bead must be continuous.
• Oil pan must be installed within 5 minutes after
sealant is applied.
4.3mm (0.17in.) width bead of sealant
Portions between bolt holes
Fig. 6A1-60
8. Oil pan fixing bolts and nuts
Bolt hole portions
~ • Tighten oil pan fixing bolts and nuts to the
~ specified torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·in)
10 (87)
7. Axle housing assembly
~~~· Tighten fixing bolts to the specified torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·ft) 82 (61)
• Tighten fixing bolts and nuts to the specified
torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·ft) 152 (112)
ENGINE (V6 3.2L DOHC AND SOHC) 6A 1-51
6. Pitman arm and idler arm
~·
Tighten idler arm fixing bolt to the specified
torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·ft) 44 (33)
• Engage teeth of pitman arm and steering unit,
and tighten
bolt to the specified torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·ft) 216 (159)
5. Flywheel dust cover
4. Suspension cross member
~~~ • Tighten fixing bolts to the specified torque.
Torque
N·m (lb·ft) I 78 (58)
3. Radiator under fan shroud
2. Stone guard
1. Dipstick