NISSAN X-TRAIL 2001 Service Repair Manual

PS-1
POWER STEERING SYSTEM
G STEERING
CONTENTS
C
D
E
F
H
I
J
K
L
M
SECTION
A
B
PS
POWER STEERING SYSTEM
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 2
Caution ..................................................................... 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tools ............................................... 3
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................ 4
NVH Trouble shooting Chart .................................... 4
POWER STEERING FLUID ........................................ 5
Checking Fluid Level ........................................... ..... 5
Checking Fluid Leak ............................................ ..... 5
Bleeding Hydraulic System ...................................... 5
STEERING WHEEL .................................................... 6
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service .......................... 6
PLAY INSPECTION .............................................. 6
NEUTRAL POSITION INSPECTION .................... 6
STEERING TORQUE CHECK .............................. 6
STEERING ANGLE INSPECTION ........................ 6
Removal and Installation .......................................... 7
REMOVAL ............................................................. 7
INSTALLATION ..................................................... 7
STEERING COLUMN ................................................. 9
Removal and Installation .......................................... 9
REMOVAL OF LOWER JOINT AND HOLE
COVER ................................................................. 9
INSTALLATION OF LOWER JOINT AND HOLE
COVER ................................................................. 9
REMOVAL OF STEERING COLUMN ASSEM-
BLY ...................................................................... 10
INSTALLING STEERING COLUMN ASSEMBLY ... 10
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 11
DISASSEMBLY .................................................... 11
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY. ............... 11
ASSEMBLY .......................................................... 11
POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE ............ 12
Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
REMOVAL ........................................................... 12INSTALLATION ................................................... 12
Components ........................................................... 14
MODEL PR24AD ................................................. 14
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 15
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 15
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 16
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 17
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP ............................... 24
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service ......................... 24
OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
INSPECTION ...................................................... 24
Removal and Installation (QR20DE and QR25DE
engine models) ....................................................... 24
REMOVAL ........................................................... 24
INSTALLATION ................................................... 24
Disassembly and Assembly(QR20DE and
QR25DE engine models) ........................................ 25
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 25
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 25
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 26
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 26
Removal and Installation (YD22DDTi engine
model) ..................................................................... 29
Disassembly and Assembly (YD22DDTi engine
model) ..................................................................... 30
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 30
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 31
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 32
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 32
HYDRAULIC LINE .................................................
... 34
Removal and Installation ........................................ 34
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 36
Wheel ..................................................................... 36
Steering Angle ........................................................ 36
Steering Column ..................................................... 36
Steering Linkage ..................................................... 36
Steering Gear ......................................................... 37
Oil Pump ................................................................. 37
Steering Fluid .......................................................... 37

PS-2
PRECAUTIONS
PRECAUTIONS
PFP:00001
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT
BELT PRE-TENSIONER”
EGS000IZ
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of
this Service Manual.
WARNING:
●To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.
●Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the SRS section.
●Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harness connec-
tors.
CautionEGS00049
●Always follow the warnings and the cautions below in disassembly procedures:
–Work in a clean, dust-free place. No dust proof device is necessary.
–Clean outside of unit before disassembly.
–Clean parts to be disassembled. Be careful not to allow any dirt or other foreign materials to enter or con-
tact with parts.
–Assemble disassembled parts properly, following order shown in manual. If work has been suspended in
the middle of assembly, place a clean cover over parts. This will prevent them from being contaminated.
–Use paper towels when removing dirt and other foreign materials. Cloth shop towels can leave lint on
cleaned parts that might affect operation of parts.
–Clean disassembled parts (except rubber parts) with kerosene. Drain oil by blowing with air or absorbing
with shop papers.
–Before assembling, apply Nissan power steering fluid to O-rings and seals.
–Replace gaskets and O-rings with new ones. Be careful not to damage any O-rings, oil seals, and gaskets
during assembly.
●If following part is scratched after disassembly of steering pump, replace applicable part: case, rear body,
side plate, pulley, rotor, vane, or flow control valve
●Mark source of fluid leak with a white marker for identification.
● Seals and copper washers must not be reused.

PREPARATION
PS-3
C
D
E
F
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
PS
PREPARATIONPFP:00002
Special Service ToolsEGS0004A
Tool number
Tool nameDescription
ST27180001
Steering wheel pullerRemoval of steering wheel
ST3127S000
Preload gaugeSteering torque check
KV48103500
Hydraulic pressure gauge
KV48102500
Hydraulic pressure gauge adapter
1 KV48102500−01
(I-joint)
2 KV48102500−02
(Flare joint)
3 KV48102500−03
(Bolt)
4 KV48102500−04
(Washer)Measurement oil pump relief pressure
ST35300000
Drift
a: 45.1 mm (1.776 in) dia.
b: 59.0 mm (5.323 in) dia.Installing drive shaft seal
ZZA0819D
ZZA0806D
ZZA0839D
ZZA0881D

PS-4
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTING
PFP:00003
NVH Trouble shooting ChartEGS000A9
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
×: ApplicableReference page
PS-5PS-5PS-16PS-16PS-16PS-5PS-6–
EM-12
.
–
PS-11
–
PS-9PS-9PS-12
NVH in PR section
NVH in RFD section
NVH in FAX, RAX, FSU, RSU section
NVH in WT section
NVH in WT section
NVH in RAX section
NVH in BR section
Possible cause and SUSPECTED PARTS
Fluid level
Air in hydraulic system
Tie-rod ball joint swinging force
Tie-rod ball joint rotating torque
Tie-rod ball joint end play
Steering gear fluid leakage
Steering wheel play
Steering gear rack sliding force
Drive belt looseness
Improper steering wheel
Improper installation or looseness or tilt lock lever
Mounting rubber deterioration
Steering column deformation or damage
Improper installation or looseness of steering column
Steering linkage looseness
PROPELLER SHAFT
DIFFERENTIAL
AXLE AND SUSPENSION
TIRES
ROAD WHEEL
DRIVE SHAFT
BRAKES
Symptom STEERINGNoise× × ××××× × × ×××××× ×
Shake××× × ×××× ×
Vibration××××× × ×× ×
Shimmy××× × ××× ×
Judder× × ××× ×

POWER STEERING FLUID
PS-5
C
D
E
F
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
PS
POWER STEERING FLUIDPFP:KLF20
Checking Fluid LevelEGS0004B
●Check the fluid level with the engine OFF.
●Check that fluid level is between MAX and MIN marks on tank.
Fluid level should not exceed MAX mark. Excessive fluid will
cause fluid to leak from cap.
●Note that fluid level can change depending on temperature of
fluid. HIGH and LOW marks are shown on tank to indicate the
proper level at high temperature and low temperature respec-
tively.
CAUTION:
●Never reuse drained power steering fluid.
●Use DEXRONTM III or equivalent. Never use Nissan Power Steering Fluid Special, Nissan Matic
Fluid C, or D.
Checking Fluid LeakEGS0004C
Check hydraulic connections for any leak, crack, damage, loose-
ness, or wear.
1. Run engine until fluid temperature reaches 50 to 80°C (122 to
176°F) in reservoir tank. Keep engine speed at idle.
2. Turn steering wheel several times from stop to stop.
3. Turn the steering wheel clockwise or counter clockwise until it
reaches the stop and hold it for five seconds. Check for fluid
leak.
CAUTION:
Do not hold steering wheel at stop for 15 seconds or longer.
Otherwise, pump may be damaged.
4. If any leak is found on joint, loosen and retighten flair nut. Excessive tightening may damage O-ring,
washer, or connector.
Bleeding Hydraulic SystemEGS0004D
1. Lift vehicle.
2. Fill tank up to MAX mark. Turn steering wheel several times from stop to stop. Add fluid if fluid level goes
down. Repeat this step until there is no fluid decrease and no bubble in tank.
3. Start engine and repeat step above with engine at idle. Continue step until no decrease in fluid happens.
If bleeding is not complete, following symptoms can be observed.
●Bubbles are created in reservoir tank.
●Rattling noise can be heard from oil pump.
●Whining noise can be heard from oil pump.
Turn steering wheel slowly or stop vehicle. Sound of fluid movement may be heard from gear valve and
pump. This sound has nothing to do with steering performance or durability. HOT : Oil temperature 50 to 80°C (122 to 176°F)
COLD : Oil temperature 0 to 30°C (32 to 86°F)
STC0996D
SST836C

PS-6
STEERING WHEEL
STEERING WHEEL
PFP:48430
On-Vehicle Inspection and ServiceEGS0004E
PLAY INSPECTION
1. Turn steering wheel to straight-ahead position. Start engine and lightly turn steering wheel clockwise and
counter clockwise until front wheels start moving. Measure travel to starting point on circumference of
steering wheel.
2. If play is outside specifications, check following parts for proper installation: steering gear assembly, front
suspension, axles, and steering column
●Check steering wheel for vertical, horizontal, or axial play.
●Lift vehicle and check steering gear mounting bolts and nuts for looseness.
NEUTRAL POSITION INSPECTION
●After the wheel alignment inspection, carry out the neutral position inspection. Refer to FSU-6, "Wheel
Alignment" .
●Before removing steering wheel, check steering gear neutral position.
1. Set vehicle to straight-ahead position, and check that steering wheel is in neutral position.
2. If it is not in neutral position, remove steering wheel, and install again in properly.
3. If it is not adjusted within two teeth from center of gear, loosen tie rod lock nut. Then turn it to opposite
direction to adjust until amount of left and right becomes equal.
STEERING TORQUE CHECK
1. Stop vehicle on a dry flat paved road and apply parking brake.
2. Start engine and wait until power steering fluid warms up. Using
a preload gauge, check rotational torque of steering wheel.
3. If torque is outside specifications, check rack sliding torque and
oil pump relief pressure.
STEERING ANGLE INSPECTION
●After toe-in inspection, check steering angle. Place front wheels
on turning radius gauges and rear wheels on stands. Level the
vehicle. Check maximum inner and outer wheel steering angles
for LH and RH road wheels.Steering wheel play inspection standard : 0 - 35 mm (0 - 1.38 in)
Steering wheel axial endplay : 0 mm (0 in)
Tightening torque : 140 - 160 N·m (14.2 - 16.4 kg-m, 103 - 118 ft-lb)
Steering torque:
706 N·cm (72 kg-cm, 62 in-lb) or less
Rack sliding torque:
153 - 240 N (15.5 - 24.5 kg, 34.3 - 54.2 lb)
Oil pump relief hydraulic pressure:
8,140 - 8,728 kPa (81.4 - 87.3 bar, 83 - 89 kg/cm
2 , 1,180 - 1,266 psi)
STA0005D
FAA0016D

STEERING WHEEL
PS-7
C
D
E
F
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
PS
●Start engine. With engine at idle, turn steering wheel from stop
to stop and measure steering angles.
●If angles are outside specification, measure rack stroke.
●If rack stroke is outside of specification, disassemble steering
gear to check rack stroke.
●Steering angles are not adjustable. If any of steering angles is different from specified value, check steer-
ing gear, the column and the front suspension components for wear or damage. If any abnormality exists,
replace the malfunctioning parts.
Removal and InstallationEGS0004F
REMOVAL
1. Remove air bag module. Refer to SRS-29, "DRIVER AIR BAG MODULE" .
2. Remove horn connector.
3. Remove steering wheel mounting nut and paint mating marks on steering wheel body and top of column
shaft.
4. Using a steering wheel puller, remove steering wheel.
INSTALLATION
Paying attention to following items, install in the reverse order of removal.
NOTE:
●When reconnecting spiral cable, fix cable with a tape so that fixing case and rotating part keep aligned.
This will omit neutral position alignment procedure during spiral cable installation.
●Neutral position (refer to figure)... Gently turn spiral cable clock-
wise until it comes to the stop. Then turn it counter clockwise
(approximately 3.0 turns) until centering mark is aligned with
adjustment mark. (Service part is fixed in neutral position with
stopper. It can be installed onto steering wheel without align-
ment once stopper is removed.)
CAUTION:
●Place steering wheel as follows: Front wheels in straight-
ahead position. R mark on the cancel claw faces down. 3
bosses align with 3 holes behind steering wheel assembly.
Check that spiral cable is placed in neutral position and that
locating pin on the left of the spiral cable is aligned with the
locating pinhole behind the steering wheel assembly.
●Do not rotate spiral cable more than necessary. Do not tighten them excessively. (The cable may
be torn off.)
●After installation, check system for proper operation by observing air bag warning lamp.
●If air bag indicator indicates any abnormal condition, use self-diagnosis function or CONSULT to
reset or cancel memory.Inner wheel Minimum : 36°
Nominal : 39°
Maximum : 40°
Outer wheel : 31°
Rack stroke : 66.5 mm (2.618 in)
SGIA0055E
SGIA0080E
SGIA0096E

PS-8
STEERING WHEEL
●If air bag warning lamp still shows abnormal condition even after operation above, diagnose sys-
tem. Repair malfunctioning parts.

STEERING COLUMN
PS-9
C
D
E
F
H
I
J
K
L
MA
B
PS
STEERING COLUMNPFP:48810
Removal and InstallationEGS00094
CAUTION:
Care must be taken not to give axial impact to steering column assembly during removal and installa-
tion.
REMOVAL OF LOWER JOINT AND HOLE COVER
1. Raise vehicle with front wheels in straight-ahead position.
2. Mark lower joint and steering gear with paint for easy installation. Remove pinch bolt from lower side of
lower joint.
3. Remove mounting bolt and nut from upper side of lower joint.
4. Remove footrest.
5. Remove hole cover and lower joint from vehicle.
6. Remove clamp and lower seal cover from hole cover.
INSTALLATION OF LOWER JOINT AND HOLE COVER
●Refer to component diagram for tightening torque. Install in the reverse order of removal.
1. Steering column assembly 2. Hole cover 3. Lower joint
4. Steering wheel 5. Air bag module 6. Spiral cable
7. Column cover
SGIA0015E

PS-10
STEERING COLUMN
●Connect lower joint onto steering gear with slot on lower portion
of lower joint engaged with guide tip projection. Check guide tip
is positioned as shown in the figure.
REMOVAL OF STEERING COLUMN ASSEMBLY
1. Remove steering wheel and column cover. Refer to PS-7, "REMOVAL" .
2. Remove instrument lower driver panel.
3. Remove spiral cable. Refer to SRS-33, "
Removal and Installation" .
4. Remove hole cover and mounting bolts and nuts on upper portion of lower joint.
5. Remove the key interlock cable from the steering column assembly. Refer to AT- 4 1 2 , "
KEY INTERLOCK
CABLE" .
6. Remove clamp and connector from steering column assembly.
7. Remove steering column assembly mounting nut and remove steering column assembly from vehicle.
CAUTION:
Do not deform lower bracket on steering column assembly during removal or installation.
INSTALLING STEERING COLUMN ASSEMBLY
●Installation procedure should be used with steering lock unlocked.
1. Position on steering column assembly, and install steering column assembly to vehicle with mounting
nuts.
2. Attach mounting bolts and nuts on upper portion of lower joint.
CAUTION:
Do not reuse mounting nuts.
3. Connect clamp and connector.
4. Connect key interlock cable to steering column assembly. Refer to AT- 4 1 2 , "
KEY INTERLOCK CABLE"
5. Connect spiral cable. Refer to SRS-33, "Removal and Installation" .
6. Install instrument lower driver panel.
7. Install steering wheel and column cover. Refer to PS-7, "
INSTALLATION" .
CAUTION:
After installation, turn steering wheel. Be sure it turns smoothly with no disinterred condition,
binding, noise or excessive steering effort.
SGIA0105E
SGIA0010E