engine NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Electronic Repair Manual

SC-32
STARTING SYSTEM
5. Check depth of insulating mold from commutator surface.
lLess than 0.2 mm (0.008 in) ... Undercut to 0.5 to 0.8 mm
(0.020 to 0.031 in)
AssemblyEKS0031M
Apply high-temperature grease to lubricate the bearing, gears and frictional surface when assembling the
starter.
Carefully observe the following instructions.
PINION PROTRUSION LENGTH ADJUSTMENT
Clearance (QR engine models)
With pinion driven out by magnetic switch, push pinion back to
remove slack and measure clearance “l” between the front edge of
the pinion and the pinion stopper.
lNot in the specified value ... Adjust by adjusting plate.
SEL022Z
Clearance “ ”:Refer to SDS.SC-34,
"Starter".
SEL026Z
SEL633BA

STARTING SYSTEM
SC-33
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D
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B
SC
Movement ( YD engine models)
Compare movement “” in height of pinion when it is pushed out
with magnetic switch energized and when it is pulled out by hand
until it touches stopper.
lNot in the specified value...Adjust by adjusting plate.Movement “ ”Refer to SDS.SC-34,
"Starter".
MEL140L
SEL633BA

SC-34
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
PFP:00030
BatteryEKS0031Q
StarterEKS0031R
AlternatorEKS0031S
Applied modelQR20 engine
YD22 engine
Standard Option
Type 55D23L 80D26L 110D26L
Capacity V-AH 12-48 12-55 12-70
Ty p eS114-844 M0T87081 M8T71471
HITACHI make MITSUBISHI make
Reduction
Applied model QR20 engine YD22 engine
System voltage V12
No-loadTerminal voltage V 11.0
Current A Less than 90 Less than 90 Less than 145
Revolution rpm More than 2,700 More than 2,500 More than 3,300
Minimum diameter of commutator mm (in) 28.0 (1.102) 28.8 (1.134) 31.4 (1.236)
Minimum length of brush mm (in) 10.5 (0.413) 7.0 (0.276) 11.0 (0.433)
Brush spring tension N (kg, lb) 16.2(1.65, 3.64)15.0 - 20.4(1.5 - 2.1, 3.4
-4.6)26.7 - 36.1(2.7 - 3.7, 6.0
-8.2)
Clearance between bearing metal and armature
shaft mm (in)Less than 0.2 (0.008) —
Clearance “l” between pinion front edge and pinion
stopper mm (in)0.3 - 2.5 (0.012 - 0.098) 0.5 - 2.0(0.020 - 0.079) —
Movement “l” in height of pinion assembly mm (in) — 0.5 - 2.0(0.020 - 0.079)
Ty p eLR1110-713 A3TB0771
HITACHI make MITSUBISHI make
Applied model QR20 engine YD22 engine
Nominal rating V-A 12-110 12-90
Ground polarityNegative
Minimum revolutions under no-load (When 13.5V is
applied) rpmLess than 1,100 Less than 1,300
Hot output current (When 13.5V is applied) A/rpmMore than35/1,300
More than91/2,500
More than110/5,000More than29/1,300
More than76/2,500
More than88/5,000
Regulated output voltage V 14.1 - 14.7
Minimum length of brush mm (in) More than 6.0 (0.236) More than 5.0 (0.197)
Brush spring pressure N (g, oz) 1.0 - 3.43 (102 - 350, 3.60 - 12.34) 4.8 - 6.0 (490 - 610, 17.28 - 21.51)
Slip ring minimum diameter mm (in) More than 26.0 (1.024) More than 22.1 (0.870)
Rotor coil resistance at 20°(68°F)W2.31 2.1 - 2.5

TF-2
SEVERAL SECONDS AFTER ENGINE
STARTED.(4WD MODE INDICATOR LAMP
GOES OUT) ........................................................ 55
HEAVY TIGHT-CORNER BRAKING SYMPTOM
OCCURS WHEN THE VEHICLE IS DRIVEN IN
AUTO MODE AND THE STEERING WHEEL IS
TURNED FULLY TO EITHER SIDE AFTER THE
ENGINE IS STARTED ......................................... 56
4WD MODES CANNOT BE SWITCHED AFTER
ENGINE IS STARTED ......................................... 57
WHILE DRIVING, 4WD WARNING LAMP
FLASHES RAPIDLY.(WHEN IT FLASHERSFOR
APPROX. ONE MINUTE, THEN DOES NOT
ILLUMINATE.) ..................................................... 57
WHILE DRIVING, 4WD WARNING LAMP
FLASHES SLOWLY. (WHEN IT CONTINUES TO
ILLUMINATE UNTIL ENGINE TURNS OFF.) ...... 58
VEHICLE DOES NOT ENTER 4WD MODEEVEN THOUGH 4WD WARNING LAMP IS OFF.... 58
TIGHT-CONER BRAKING SYMPTOM OCCURS
WHEN THE VEHICLE IS STARTED IN AUTO
WARNING LAMP REMAIN OFF). .......................58
4WD ACTUATOR RELAY (4WD SOLENOID
ACTUATOR RELAY) TURNS ON/OFF FRE-
QUENTLY ............................................................58
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ......60
General Specifications ............................................60
Inspection and Adjustment ......................................60
PRELOAD TORQUE BEFORE DISASSEMBLY...60
PRELOAD TORQUE AFTER DISASSEMBLY
AND REASSEMBLY ............................................60
BACKLSH ............................................................60
SELECTIVE PARTS ............................................60
PINION SLEEVE SHIM ........................................61

TF-8
TRANSFER FLUID
TRANSFER FLUID
PFP:KLD30
ReplacementEDS0004Q
DRAINING
1. Run the vehicle to warm up the transfer body sufficiently.
2. Stop the engine, and remove the drain plug to drain the transfer
oil.
3. Apply recommended sealant to drain plug. Position drain plug
on transfer and tighten to the specified torque.
FILLING
1. Remove filler plug and add gear oil until oil level reaches the
specified limit near filler plug mounting hole.
CAUTION:
Carefully fill the oil. (Fill up for approx. 3 minutes.)
2. Leave the vehicle for 3 minutes, and check the oil level again.
3. Apply recommended sealant to filler plug. Position filler plug on
transfer and tighten to the specified torque.
InspectionEDS0004R
OIL LEAKAGE AND OIL LEVEL
1. Check oil level from filler plug mounting hole as shown in the fig-
ure.
2. Before installing filler plug, apply recommended sealant. Posi-
tion filler plug on transfer and tighten to the specified torque.Drain plug tightening torque
: 10 - 19 N·m (1.0 - 2.0 kg·m, 8-14 ft-lb)
SDIA0512E
Oil capacity
: Approx. 0.31 (1/2 lmp pt)
Drain plug tightening torque
: 10 - 19 N·m (1.0 - 2.0 kg·m, 8-14 ft-lb)
SDIA0513E
Filler plug tightening torque
:10-19N·m(1.0-2.0kg·m,8-14ft-lb)
SDIA0513E

TF-12
TRANSFER ASSEMBLY
TRANSFER ASSEMBLY
PFP:33100
Removal and Installation from VehicleEDS0004U
REMOVAL
1. Remove the exhaust front tube, propeller shaft, and RH drive shaft.
2. Remove the side shaft.
3. Remove the air breather hose.
4. Remove transfer gusset (vehicle with YD22ET engine only).
5. Place a transmission jack onto the transaxle.
6. Remove the center member.
7. Remove suspension members.
lRefer toFSU-12, "Removal and Installation"in FUS Front Suspension.
8. Remove rear engine mounting bracket.
9. Place a transmission jack onto the transfer unit.
10. Remove the mounting bolts fastening the transaxle and transfer unit.
11. Remove the transfer unit from the vehicle.
INSTALLATION
Paying attention to the following items, install in the reverse order of removal.
SDIA0492E

TRANSFER ASSEMBLY
TF-13
C
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F
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B
TF
lWhen installing the transfer to the transaxle, install the mounting
bolts following the standard below.
CAUTION:
When installing the transfer to the transaxle, be careful not
to damage the oil seals.
lWhen installing transfer gusset, tighten mounting bolts to the following torque (vehicles with YD22ET
engine only):
lAfter the installation, check the oil level and oil leakage.
Bolt No. 1 2
Quantity 4 2
Nominal length mm (in) 65 (2.56) 40 (1.57)
Tightening torque [N·m
(kg·mfg.-lb.)]30 - 39 (3.0 - 4.0,22-28)
SDIA0514E
Tightening torque : 31 - 40 N·m (3.1 - 4.1 kg·m, 23-29 ft.-lb.)

TF-32
ALL MODE 4X4 SYSTEM
4WD MODE SWITCT
AUTO mode (AUTO indicator lamp ON)
lElectronic control allows optimal distribution of torque to front/rear wheels to match road conditions.
lMakes possible stable driving, with no wheel spin, on snowy roads or other slippery surfaces.
lOn roads which do not require 4WD, it contributes to improved fuel economy by driving in conditions close
to front-wheel drive.
lSensors determine the vehicle's turning condition, and in response tight cornering/braking are controlled
by distributing optimum torque to rear wheels.
NOTE:
lWhen driving in AUTO mode or LOCK mode, if there is a large difference between front and rear wheel
speed which continues for a long time, oil temperature of drive system parts becomes too high and 4WD
warning lamp flashes rapidly. (When 4WD warning lamp flashes, vehicle changes to front-wheel drive
conditions.)
lWhen driving in AUTO mode, 4WD warning lamp may flash slowly if there is a significant difference in
pressure or wear between tires. At this time, vehicle performance is not fully available and cautious driving
is required. (Continues until engine is turned OFF.)
lIf 4WD warning lamp is flashing rapidly, stop vehicle and allow it to idle for some time. Flashing will stop
and AUTO mode will be restored.
lIf the warning lamp flashes slowly during driving but remains OFF after engine is restarted, the system is
normal. If it again flashes slowly after driving for some time, vehicle must be inspected.
lWhen the difference of revolution speed between the front and rear wheel with AUTO mode the shift
switch occasionally changes to LOCK mode automatically. This is not malfunction.
LOCK mode (LOCK indicator lamp and AUTO indicator lamp ON)
lFront/rear wheel torque distribution is fixed, ensuring stable driving when climbing slopes.
lWhen LOCK mode is selected, vehicle will switch automatically to AUTO mode if vehicle speed increases.
If vehicle speed then decreases, the vehicle automatically returns to direct 4-wheel driving conditions.
NOTE:
If there is a significant difference in pressure or wear between tires, full vehicle performance is not available.
Tire conditions are detected, and LOCK mode may be prohibited, or else speeds at which LOCK mode is
enabled may be restricted.
2WD mode (indicator lamps OFF)
Vehicle is in front-wheel drive.
NOTE:
lIf front wheels are slipping in 2WD mode, do not switch to AUTO or LOCK. This can cause difficulties for
the system.
lThe shift switch even if the shift switch is in 2WD mode, the sift switch occasionally automatically change
to 4WD mode depending on the driving condition (For example; Depressing the acceleration firmly). this is
not malfunction. How ever, 4WD mode indicator lamp dose not illuminate.
4WD WARNING LAMP
Turns ON when there is a malfunction in 4WD system. It indicates that fail-safe mode is engaged and vehicle
is in 2WD.
Also turns ON when ignition switch is turned ON, for purpose of bulb check. Turns OFF approximately for 3
seconds after the engine starts if system is normal.
4WD waning lamp indiction
Condition Display 4WD warning lamp
Self-diagnosisWhen self-diagnosis is performed, indicates location of
malfunction by number of flashes.-
Lamp checkTurns ON when engine is started to check for burned-out
lamps.Turns ON when ignition switch
is turned ON. Turns OFF
approximately 3 seconds after
engine start.
4WD system malfunction Turns ON if there is malfunction in 4WD system. ON

TF-34
ALL MODE 4X4 SYSTEM
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL
T: Transmit R: Receive
Signals ECMSteering wheel
angle sensor4WD control unitESP/ TCS / ABS
control unit
Engine speed signal T R R
Accelerator pedal position signal T R
ESP operation signal R R T
TCS operation signal R R T
ABS operation signal R R T
Stop lamp switch signalRT
Steering wheel angle sensor signal T R
ESP-OFFSW signalRT
Wheel speed sensor signalRT
4WD Mode signalTR

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
TF-41
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G
H
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Trouble diagnosis chart by symptomEDS0 00 IT
Symptom Condition Check items Reference page
When ignition switch is turned ON,
4WD mode indicator lamp does not
illuminate for approx. 1 second (4WD
mode lamp check)IGN-ON
lBlown 4WD mode indicator lamp bulb
lBlown fuse between ignition and 4WD mode
indicator lamp
lOpen circuit in wiring between ignition and
4WD mode indicator lampTF-54, "
4WD
INDICATOR
LAMP DOSE
NOT COME ON
FOR APPROXI-
MATELY 1
SECOND
WHEN THE
IGNITION
SWITCH IS
TURNED TO
ON"
4WD warning lamp does not illuminate
with ignition switch ON.IGN-ON
lMalfunction 4WD warning lamp circuit.
lBlown fuse between ignition and 4WD warn-
ing lamp
lOpen circuit in wiring between ignition and
4WD warning lamp
lOpen circuit in wiring between 4WD warning
lamp and 4WD actuator relay
lDisconnected 4WD actuator relay
lOpen circuit in wiring between 4WD actuator
relay and body groundTF-55, "
4WD
WAR NIN G
LAMP DOES
NOT ILLUMI-
NATE WITH
IGNITION ON"
4WD warning lamp does not go out
several seconds after engine is started.
(4WD mode indicator lamp goes out.)Engine runningl4WD control unit connector disconnected
lMalfunction presented in 4WD systemTF-55, "
4WD
WAR NIN G
LAMP DOES
NOT GO OUT
SEVERAL SEC-
ONDS AFTER
ENGINE
STARTED.(4W
DMODEINDI-
CATOR LAMP
GOES OUT)"
Heavy tight-corner braking symptom
occurs when vehicle is driven in the fol-
lowing conditions: AUTO mode and
steering wheel is turned fully to either
sides after engine is started (Note 1,
Note 2).lEngine running
lAUTO mode
lSteering wheel
fully turned
lOperation is not in AUTO mode (in 2WD or
LOCK mode).
lThrottle position signal error
lMechanical malfunction of electronically con-
trolled coupling
lMalfunction present in 4WD systemTF-56, "
HEAVY
TIGHT-COR-
NER BRAKING
SYMPTOM
OCCURS
WHEN THE
VEHICLE IS
DRIVEN IN
AUTO MODE
AND THE
STEERING
WHEEL IS
TURNED
FULLY TO
EITHER SIDE
AFTER THE
ENGINE IS
STARTED"
4WD mode cannot be switched after
engine is started (Note 3)Engine running
l4WD mode change-over switch is discon-
nected.
lOpen circuit between 4WD mode change-
over switch and 4WD control unit
lOpen circuit between 4WD mode change-
over switch and body groundTF-57, "
4WD
MODES CAN-
NOT BE
SWITCHED
AFTER
ENGINE IS
STARTED"