check engine NISSAN X-TRAIL 2003 Electronic Repair Manual

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-407
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSISPFP:00004
Trouble Diagnosis IntroductionEBS00BMU
INTRODUCTION
The engine has an ECM to control major systems such as fuel con-
trol, ignition control, idle air control system, etc. The ECM accepts
input signals from sensors and instantly drives actuators. It is essen-
tial that both input and output signals are proper and stable. At the
same time, it is important that there are no problems such as vac-
uum leaks, fouled spark plugs, or other problems with the engine.
It is much more difficult to diagnose a problem that occurs intermit-
tently rather than continuously. Most intermittent problems are
caused by poor electric connections or improper wiring. In this case,
careful checking of suspected circuits may help prevent the replace-
ment of good parts.
A visual check only may not find the cause of the problems. A road
test with CONSULT-II (or GST) or a circuit tester connected should
be performed. Follow the “Work Flow” onEC-408
.
Before undertaking actual checks, take a few minutes to talk with a
customer who approaches with a driveability complaint. The cus-
tomer can supply good information about such problems, especially
intermittent ones. Find out what symptoms are present and under
what conditions they occur. A “Diagnostic Worksheet” like the exam-
ple onEC-410
should be used.
Start your diagnosis by looking for “conventional” problems first. This
will help troubleshoot driveability problems on an electronically con-
trolled engine vehicle.
MEF036D
SEF233G
SEF234G

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-409
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Description for Work Flow
DIAGNOSTIC WORKSHEET
Description
There are many operating conditions that lead to the malfunction of
engine components. A good grasp of such conditions can make trou-
bleshooting faster and more accurate.
In general, each customer feels differently about a problem. It is
important to fully understand the symptoms or conditions for a cus-
tomer complaint.
Utilize a diagnostic worksheet like the one on the next page in order
to organize all the information for troubleshooting.
Some conditions may cause the MI to come on steady or blink and
DTC to be detected. Examples:
lVehicle ran out of fuel, which caused the engine to misfire.
STEP DESCRIPTION
STEP IGet detailed information about the conditions and the environment when the incident/symptom occurred using the
“DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET”,EC-409
.
STEP IIBefore confirming the concern, check and write down (print out using CONSULT-II or GST) the (1st trip) DTC and the
(1st trip) freeze frame data, then erase the DTC and the data. (Refer toEC-402
.) The (1st trip) DTC and the (1st trip)
freeze frame data can be used when duplicating the incident at STEP III & IV.
If the incident cannot be verified, performEC-453, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT".
Study the relationship between the cause, specified by (1st trip) DTC, and the symptom described by the customer.
(The “Symptom Matrix Chart” will be useful. SeeEC-417
.)
Also check related service bulletins for information.
STEP IIITry to confirm the symptom and under what conditions the incident occurs.
The “DIAGNOSTIC WORK SHEET” and the freeze frame data are useful to verify the incident. Connect CONSULT-II
to the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG) mode and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, performEC-453, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT".
If the malfunction code is detected, skip STEP IV and perform STEP V.
STEP IVTry to detect the (1st trip) DTC by driving in (or performing) the “DTC Confirmation Procedure”. Check and read the
(1st trip) DTC and (1st trip) freeze frame data by using CONSULT-II or GST.
During the (1st trip) DTC verification, be sure to connect CONSULT-II to the vehicle in DATA MONITOR (AUTO TRIG)
mode and check real time diagnosis results.
If the incident cannot be verified, performEC-453, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCIDENT".
In case the “DTC Confirmation Procedure” is not available, perform the “Overall Function Check” instead. The (1st
trip) DTC cannot be displayed by this check, however, this simplified “check” is an effective alternative.
The “NG” result of the “Overall Function Check” is the same as the (1st trip) DTC detection.
STEP VTake the appropriate action based on the results of STEP I through IV.
If the malfunction code is indicated, proceed to TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR DTC PXXXX.
If the normal code is indicated, proceed to the BASIC INSPECTION. (Refer toEC-412
.) Then perform inspections
according to the Symptom Matrix Chart. (Refer toEC-417
.)
STEP VIIdentify where to begin diagnosis based on the relationship study between symptom and possible causes. Inspect the
system for mechanical binding, loose connectors or wiring damage using (tracing) “Harness Layouts”.
Gently shake the related connectors, components or wiring harness with CONSULT-II set in “DATA MONITOR
(AUTO TRIG)” mode.
Check the voltage of the related ECM terminals or monitor the output data from the related sensors with CONSULT-II.
Refer toEC-427
,EC-443.
The “Diagnostic Procedure” in EC section contains a description based on open circuit inspection. A short circuit
inspection is also required for the circuit check in the Diagnostic Procedure. For details, refer to “Circuit Inspection” in
GI-24, "
How to Perform Efficient Diagnosis for an Electrical Incident".
Repair or replace the malfunction parts.
If malfunctioning part cannot be detected, performEC-453, "
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR INTERMITTENT INCI-
DENT".
STEP VIIOnce you have repaired the circuit or replaced a component, you need to run the engine in the same conditions and
circumstances which resulted in the customer's initial complaint.
Perform the “DTC Confirmation Procedure” and confirm the normal code [DTC No. P0000] is detected. If the incident
is still detected in the final check, perform STEP VI by using a method different from the previous one.
Before returning the vehicle to the customer, be sure to erase the unnecessary (already fixed) (1st trip) DTC in ECM.
(Refer toEC-402, "
HOW TO ERASE EMISSION-RELATED DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION".)
SEF907L

EC-412
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Basic Inspection
EBS00BMX
1.INSPECTION START
1. Check service records for any recent repairs that may indicate a related problem, or a current need for
scheduled maintenance.
2. Open engine hood and check the following:
–Harness connectors for improper connections
–Wiring harness for improper connections, pinches and cut
–Vacuum hoses for splits, kinks and improper connections
–Hoses and ducts for leaks
–Air cleaner clogging
–Gasket
3. Confirm that electrical or mechanical loads are not applied.
–Headlamp switch is OFF.
–Air conditioner switch is OFF.
–Rear window defogger switch is OFF.
–Steering wheel is in the straight-ahead position, etc.
4. Start engine and warm it up until engine coolant temperature
indicator points the middle of gauge.
Ensure engine stays below 1,000 rpm.
5. Run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-
load.
6. Make sure that no DTC is displayed with CONSULT-II or GST.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 3.
NG >> GO TO 2.
2.REPAIR OR REPLACE
Repair or replace components as necessary according to corresponding “Diagnostic Procedure”.
>> GO TO 3.
SEF983U
SEF976U
SEF977U

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-413
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3.CHECK TARGET IDLE SPEED
With CONSULT-II
1. Run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load.
2. Rev engine (2,000 to 3,000 rpm) two or three times under no-
load, then run engine at idle speed for about 1 minute.
3. Read idle speed in “DATA MONITOR” mode with CONSULT-II.
Wi t h ou t C O N S U LT-I I
1. Run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load.
2. Rev engine (2,000 to 3,000 rpm) two or three times under no-load, then run engine at idle speed for about
1 minute.
3. Check idle speed.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 10.
NG >> GO TO 4.
4.PERFORM ACCELERATOR PEDAL RELEASED POSITION LEARNING
1. Stop engine.
2. PerformEC-396, "
Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning".
>> GO TO 5.
5.PERFORM THROTTLE VALVE CLOSED POSITION LEARNING
1. Stop engine.
2. PerformEC-396, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning".
>> GO TO 6.
SEF978U
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)
SEF058Y
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)

EC-414
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
6.PERFORM IDLE AIR VOLUME LEARNING
Refer toEC-396, "
Idle Air Volume Learning".
CMPLT or INCMP
CMPLT>>GOTO7.
INCMP >> 1. Follow the construction of “Idle Air Volume Learning”.
2. GO TO 4.
7.CHECK TARGET IDLE SPEED AGAIN
With CONSULT-II
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Read idle speed in “DATA MONITOR” mode with CONSULT-II.
Without CONSULT-II
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Check idle speed.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 10.
NG >> GO TO 8.
8.DETECT MALFUNCTIONING PART
Check the Following.
lCheck camshaft position sensor (PHASE) and circuit. Refer toEC-507.
lCheck crankshaft position sensor (POS) and circuit. Refer toEC-501.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 9.
NG >> 1. Repair or replace.
2. GO TO 4.
9.CHECK ECM FUNCTION
1. Substitute another known-good ECM to check ECM function. (ECM may be the cause of a problem, but
this is the rarely the case.)
2. Perform initialization of NATS system and registration of NATS ignition key IDs. Refer toEC-403, "
NATS
(Nissan Anti-theft System)".
>> GO TO 4. Which is the result CMPLT or INCMP
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-415
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10.CHECK IGNITION TIMING
1. Run engine at idle.
2. Check ignition timing with a timing light.
OK or NG
OK >>INSPECTION END
NG >> GO TO 11.
11 .ACCELERATOR PEDAL RELEASED POSITION LEARNING
1. Stop engine.
2. PerformEC-396, "
Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning".
>> GO TO 12.
12.PERFORM THROTTLE VALVE CLOSED POSITION LEARNING
1. Stop engine.
2. PerformEC-396, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning".
>> GO TO 13.
13.PERFORM IDLE AIR VOLUME LEARNING
Refer toEC-396, "
Idle Air Volume Learning".
CMPLT or INCMP
CMPLT>>GOTO14.
INCMP >> 1. Follow the construction of “Idle Air Volume Learning”.
2. GO TO 4.
14.CHECK TARGET IDLE SPEED AGAIN
With CONSULT-II
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Read idle speed in “DATA MONITOR” mode with CONSULT-II.
Wi t h ou t C O N S U LT-I I
1. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
2. Check idle speed.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 15.
NG >> GO TO 17.M/T: 14±5°BTDC
A/T: 16±5°BTDC (in "P" or "N" position)
Which is the result CMPLT or INCMP
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)
M/T: 650±50 rpm
A/T: 700±50 rpm (in "P" or "N" position)

EC-416
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
15.CHECK IGNITION TIMING AGAIN
1. Run engine at idle.
2. Check ignition timing with a timing light.
OK or NG
OK >>INSPECTION END
NG >> GO TO 16.
16.CHECK TIMING CHAIN INSTALLATION
Check timing chain installation. Refer toEM-43, "
TIMING CHAIN".
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 17.
NG >> 1. Repair the timing chain installation.
2. GO TO 4.
17.DETECT MALFUNCTIONING PART
Check the following.
lCheck camshaft position sensor (PHASE) and circuit. Refer toEC-507.
lCheck crankshaft position sensor (POS) and circuit. Refer toEC-501.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 18.
NG >> 1. Repair or replace.
2. GO TO 4.
18.CHECK ECM FUNCTION
1. Substitute another known-good ECM to check ECM function. (ECM may be the cause of a problem, but
this is the rarely the case.)
2. Perform initialization of NATS system and registration of NATS ignition key IDs. Refer toEC-403, "
NATS
(Nissan Anti-theft System)".
>> GO TO 4. M/T: 14±5°BTDC
A/T: 16±5°BTDC (in "P" or "N" position)

EC-442
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
ACTIVE TEST MODE
Test Item
REAL TIME DIAGNOSIS IN DATA MONITOR MODE (RECORDING VEHICLE DATA)
Description
CONSULT-II has two kinds of triggers and they can be selected by
touching “SETTING” in “DATA MONITOR” mode.
1. “AUTO TRIG” (Automatic trigger):
–The malfunction will be identified on the CONSULT-II screen in
real time.
In other words, DTC/1st trip DTC and malfunction item will be
displayed if the malfunction is detected by ECM.
At the moment a malfunction is detected by ECM, “MONITOR”
in “DATA MONITOR” screen is changed to “Recording Data ...
xx%” as shown at right, and the data after the malfunction detec-
tion is recorded. Then when the percentage reached 100%,
TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENT CHECK ITEM (REMEDY)
FUEL INJEC-
TION
lEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition
lChange the amount of fuel injec-
tion using CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEM.
lHarness and connectors
lFuel injectors
lHeated oxygen sensor 1
IGNITION TIM-
ING
lEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition
lTiming light: Set
lRetard the ignition timing using
CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEM.
lPerform “Idle Air Volume Learn-
ing”.
POWER BAL-
ANCE
lEngine: After warming up, idle
the engine.
lA/C switch “OFF”
lShift lever “N”
lCut off each injector signal one at
a time using CONSULT-II.Engine runs rough or dies.
lHarness and connectors
lCompression
lFuel injectors
lPower transistor
lSpark plugs
lIgnition coils
COOLING FAN
lIgnition switch: ON
lTurn the cooling fan “ON” and
“OFF” with CONSULT-II.Cooling fan moves and stops.
lHarness and connectors
lCooling fan relay
lCooling fan motor
ENG COOLANT
TEMP
lEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition
lChange the engine coolant tem-
perature using CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEM.
lHarness and connectors
lEngine coolant temperature sen-
sor
lFuel injectors
FUEL PUMP
RELAY
lIgnition switch: ON (Engine
stopped)
lTurn the fuel pump relay “ON”
and “OFF” using CONSULT-II
and listen to operating sound.Fuel pump relay makes the operat-
ing sound.lHarness and connectors
lFuel pump relay
PURG VOL
CONT/V
lEngine: After warming up, run
engine at 1,500 rpm.
lChange the EVAP canister purge
volume control solenoid valve
opening percent using CON-
SULT-II.Engine speed changes according to
the opening percent.lHarness and connectors
lSolenoid valve
V/T ASSIGN
ANGLE
lEngine: Return to the original
trouble condition
lChange intake valve timing using
CONSULT-II.If trouble symptom disappears, see
CHECK ITEM.
lHarness and connectors
lIntake valve timing control sole-
noid valve
SEF706XSEF707X

EC-444
[QR (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
i.e. Adjust ignition timing with a timing light before monitoring IGN TIMING, because the monitor may show the specification data in
spite of the ignition timing not being adjusted to the specification data. This IGN TIMING monitors the data calculated by the ECM
according to the signals input from the camshaft position sensor and other ignition timing related sensors.
lIf the real-time diagnosis results are NG and the on board diagnostic system results are OK when diagnosing the mass air flow sen-
sor, first check to see if the fuel pump control circuit is normal.
MONITOR ITEM CONDITION SPECIFICATION
ENG SPEED
lTachometer: Connect
lRun engine and compare tachometer indication with the CONSULT-II
value.Almost the same speed as the
CONSULT-II value.
MAS A/F SE-B1
lEngine: After warming up
lAir conditioner switch: OFF
lShift lever: N
lNo-loadIdle Approx. 1.0 - 1.5V
2,500 rpm Approx. 1.6 - 2.0V
B/FUEL SCHDL
lEngine: After warming up
lShift lever: N
lAir conditioner switch: OFF
lNo-loadIdle 2.5 - 3.5 msec
2,000 rpm 2.5 - 3.5 msec
A/F ALPHA-B1
lEngine: After warming upMaintaining engine speed at 2,000
rpm54% - 155%
COOLAN TEMP/S
lEngine: After warming up More than 70°C(158°F)
HO2S1 (B1)
lEngine: After warming upMaintaining engine speed at 2,000
rpm0 - 0.3V¨Approx. 0.6 - 1.0V
HO2S2 (B1)
lEngine: After warming upRevving engine from idle to 3,000
rpm quickly.0 - 0.3V¨Approx. 0.6 - 1.0V
HO2S1 MNTR (B1)
lEngine: After warming upMaintaining engine speed at 2,000
rpmLEAN¨RICH
Changes more than 5 times dur-
ing 10 seconds.
HO2S2 MNTR (B1)
lEngine: After warming upRevving engine from idle to 3,000
rpm quickly.LEAN¨RICH
VEH SPEED SE
lTurn drive wheels and compare speedometer indication with the CON-
SULT-II value.Almost the same speed as the
CONSULT-II value
BATTERY VOLT
lIgnition switch: ON (Engine stopped) 11 - 14V
ACCEL SEN1
lIgnition switch: ON
(engine stopped)Accelerator pedal: Fully released 0.41 - 0.71V
Accelerator pedal: Fully depressed More than 3.9V
ACCEL SEN2
lIgnition switch: ON
(engine stopped)Accelerator pedal: Fully released 0.15 - 0.97V
Accelerator pedal: Fully depressed More than 3.8V
THRTL SEN1
THRTL SEN2
lIgnition switch: ON
(Engine stopped)Accelerator pedal: Fully released More than 0.36V
lShift lever:
D (A/T model)
1st (M/T model)Accelerator pedal: Fully depressed Less than 4.75V
START SIGNAL
lIgnition switch: ON®START®ON OFF®ON®OFF
CLSD THL POS
lIgnition switch: ONAccelerator pedal: Fully released ON
Accelerator pedal: Slightly depressed OFF
AIR COND SIG
lEngine: After warming up, idle
the engineAir conditioner switch: OFF OFF
Air conditioner switch: ON
(Compressor operates.)ON
P/N POSI SW
lIgnition switch: ONShift lever:
P or N (A/T model)
Neutral (M/T model)ON
Shift lever: Except above OFF

POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR ECM
EC-455
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ECM Terminals and Reference ValueEBS00BFT
Specification data are reference values and are measured between each terminal and body ground.
CAUTION:
Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/output voltage. Doing so may result in dam-
age to the ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals, such as the ground.
Diagnostic ProcedureEBS00BFU
1.INSPECTION START
Start engine.
Is engine running?
Ye s o r N o
Yes >>GOTO8.
No >> GO TO 2.
2.CHECK ECM POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT-I
1. Turn ignition switch “OFF” and then “ON”.
2. Check voltage between ECM terminal 42 and ground with CON-
SULT-II or tester.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 4.
NG >> GO TO 3.
TER-
MINAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
12 R/BCounter current
return[Ignition switch "ON"]BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
20 W/GECM relay
(Self shut-off)[Engineisrunning]
[Ignition switch “OFF”]
lFor 3 seconds after turning ignition switch “OFF”0-1.0V
[Ignition switch “OFF”]
l3 seconds passed after turning ignition switch
“OFF”BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
42 B/R Ignition switch[Ignition switch “OFF”]0V
[Ignition switch “ON”]BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
59
60
106
108B
B
B/Y
B/YECM ground[Engineisrunning]
lIdle speedEngine ground
109
111W
WPower supply for
ECM[Ignition switch “ON”]BATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
Voltage: Battery voltage
PBIB0535E