OPEL FRONTERA 1998 Workshop Manual

6D1–2
ENGINE ELECTRICAL
Battery
General Description
There are six battery fluid caps on top of the battery.
These are covered by a paper label.
The battery is completely sealed except for the six small
vent holes on the side. These vent holes permit the
escape of small amounts of gas generated by the battery.
This type of battery has the following advantages over
conventional batteries:
1. There is no need to add water during the entire
service life of the battery.
2. The battery protects itself against overcharging.
The battery will refuse to accept an extensive charge.
(A conventional battery will accept an excessive
charge, resulting in gassing and loss of battery fluid.)
3. The battery is much less vulnerable to self discharge
than a conventional type battery.
Diagnosis
1. Visual Inspection
Inspect the battery for obvious physical damage, such as
a cracked or broken case, which would permit electrolyte
loss.
Replace the battery if obvious physical damage is
discovered during inspection.
Check for any other physical damage and correct it as
necessary.
2. Hydrometer Check
There is a built–in hydrometer (Charge test indicator(1))
at the top of the battery. It is designed to be used during
diagnostic procedures.
Before trying to read the hydrometer, carefully clean the
upper battery surface.
If your work area is poorly lit, additional light may be
necessary to read the hydrometer.
a. BLUE RING OR DOT VISIBLE(5) – Go to Step 4.
b . B L U E R I N G O R D O T N O T V I S I B L E ( 4 ) – G o t o S t e p
3.
061RW001
3. Fluid Level Check
The fluid level should be between the upper level line(2)
and lower level line(3) on side of battery.
a. CORRECT FLUID LEVEL – Charge the battery.
b. BELOW LOWER LEVEL – Replace battery.
061RW001
4. Voltage Check
1. Put voltmeter test leads to battery terminals.
a. VOLTAGE IS 12.4V OR ABOVE – Go to Step 5.
b. VOLTAGE IS UNDER 12.4V – Go to procedure (2)
below.
2. Determine fast charge amperage from specification.
(See Main Data and Specifications in this section).
Fast charge battery for 30 minutes at amperage rate
no higher than specified value.
Take voltage and amperage readings after charge.
a. VOLTAGE IS ABOVE 16V AT BELOW 1/3 OF
AMPERAGE RATE – Replace battery.
b. VOLTAGE IS ABOVE 16V AT ABOVE 1/3 OF
AMPERAGE RATE – Drop charging voltage to
15V and charge for 10 – 15 hours. Then go to Step
5.
c. VOLTAGE IS BETWEEN 12V AND 16V –
Continue charging at the same rate for an
additional 3–1/2 hours. Then go to Step 5.
d. VOLTAGE BELOW 12V – Replace Battery.
5. Load Test
1. Connect a voltmeter and a battery load tester across
the battery terminals.
2. Apply 300 ampere load for 15 seconds to remove
surface charge from the battery. Remove load.
3. Wait 15 seconds to let battery recover. Then apply
specified load from specifications (See Main Data
and Specifications in this section).
Read voltage after 15 seconds, then remove load.

ENGINE ELECTRICAL6D1–3
a. VOLTAGE DOES NOT DROP BELOW THE
MINIMUM LISTED IN THE TABLE – The battery is
good and should be returned to service.
b. VOLTAGE IS LESS THAN MINIMUM LISTED –
Replace battery.
ESTIMATED TEMPERATURE
MINIMUM
VOLTAGE
FCV
70219.6
60169.5
50109.4
4049.3
30–19.1
20–78.9
10–128.7
0–188.5
The battery temperature must be estimated by feel
and by the temperature the battery has been
exposed to for the preceding few hours.
Battery Charging
Observe the following safety precautions when charging
the battery:
1. Never attempt to charge the battery when the fluid
level is below the lower level line on the side of the
battery. In this case, the battery must be replaced.
2. Pay close attention to the battery during charging
procedure.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate of
charge reduced if the battery feels hot to the touch.
Battery charging should be discontinued or the rate of
charge reduced if the battery begins to gas or spew
electrolyte from the vent holes.
3. In order to more easily view the hydrometer blue dot
or ring, it may be necessary to jiggle or tilt the battery.
4. Battery temperature can have a great effect on
battery charging capacity.
5. The sealed battery used on this vehicle may be either
quick charged or slow charged in the same manner as
other batteries.
Whichever method you decide to use, be sure that
you completely charge the battery. Never partially
charge the battery.
Jump Starting
Jump Starting with an Auxiliary (Booster)
Battery
CAUTION: Never push or tow the vehicle in an
attempt to start it. Serious damage to the emission
system as well as other vehicle parts will result.Treat both the discharged battery and the booster
battery with great care when using jumper cables.
Carefully follow the jump starting procedure, being
careful at all times to avoid sparking.
WARNING: FAILURE TO CAREFULLY FOLLOW THE
JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE COULD RESULT IN
THE FOLLOWING:
1. Serious personal injury, particularly to your eyes.
2. Property damage from a battery explosion, battery
acid, or an electrical fire.
3. Damage to the electronic components of one or both
vehicles particularly.
Never expose the battery to an open flame or electrical
spark. Gas generated by the battery may catch fire or
explode.
Remove any rings, watches, or other jewelry before
working around the battery. Protect your eyes by wearing
an approved set of goggles.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with your eyes
or skin.
Never allow battery fluid to come in contact with fabrics or
painted surfaces.
Battery fluid is a highly corrosive acid.
Should battery fluid come in contact with your eyes, skin,
fabric, or a painted surface, immediately and thoroughly
rinse the affected area with clean tap water.
Never allow metal tools or jumper cables to come in
contact with the positive battery terminal, or any other
metal surface of the vehicle. This will protect against a
short circuit.
Always keep batteries out of reach of young children.
Jump Starting Procedure
1. Set the vehicle parking brake.
If the vehicle is equipped with an automatic
transmission, place the selector level in the “PARK”
position.
If the vehicle is equipped with a manual transmission,
place the shift lever in the “NEUTRAL” position.
Turn “OFF” the ignition.
Turn “OFF” all lights and any other accessory
requiring electrical power.
2. Look at the built–in hydrometer.
If the indication area of the built–in hydrometer is
completely clear, do not try to jump start.
3. Attach the end of one jumper cable to the positive
terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to the positive
terminal of the discharged battery.
Do not allow the vehicles to touch each other. This will
cause a ground connection, effectively neutralizing
the charging procedure.
Be sure that the booster battery has a 12 volt rating.

6D1–4
ENGINE ELECTRICAL
4. Attach one end of the remaining cable to the negative
terminal of the booster battery.
Attach the other end of the same cable to a solid
engine ground (such as the air conditioning
compressor bracket or the generator mounting
bracket) of the vehicle with the discharged battery.
The ground connection must be at least 450 mm (18
in.) from the battery of the vehicle whose battery is
being charged.
WARNING: NEVER ATTACH THE END OF THE
JUMPER CABLE DIRECTLY TO THE NEGATIVE
TERMINAL OF THE DEAD BATTERY.
5. Start the engine of the vehicle with the good battery.
Make sure that all unnecessary electrical accessories
have been turned “OFF”.
6. Start the engine of the vehicle with the dead battery.
7. To remove the jumper cables, follow the above
directions in reverse order.
Be sure to first disconnect the negative cable from the
vehicle with the discharged battery.
Battery Removal
061RS002
1. Remove negative cable (1).
2. Remove positive cable (2).
3. Remove retainer screw and rods (3).
4. Remove retainer (4).
5. Remove battery (5).
Battery Installation
1. Install battery (5).
2. Install retainer (4).
3. Instal retainer screw and rods (3).
NOTE: Make sure that the rod is hooked on the body
side.
4. Install positive cable (2).
5. Install negative cable (1).

ENGINE ELECTRICAL6D1–5
Main Data and Specifications
General Specifications
Model (JIS)95D31R–MF80D26R–MF75D26R–MF
Voltage (V)121212
Cold Cranking Performance (Amp)622582490
Reserve Capacity (Min)159133123
Load Test (Amp)310290245
Fast Charge Maximum Amperage (Amp)202020
BCI Group No.272424

6D1–6
ENGINE ELECTRICAL
MEMO

6D2–1
IGNITION SYSTEM
ENGINE
IGNITION SYSTEM
CONTENTS
Service Precaution 6D2–1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description 6D2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnosis 6D2–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ignition Coil 6D2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal 6D2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection and Repair 6D2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation 6D2–3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spark Plug 6D2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Removal 6D2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection and Repair 6D2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation 6D2–4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crankshaft Angle Sensor 6D2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal 6D2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation 6D2–5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Main Data and Specifications 6D2–6. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service Precaution
WARNING: IF SO EQUIPPED WITH A
SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM (SRS),
REFER TO THE SRS COMPONENT AND WIRING
LOCATION VIEW IN ORDER TO DETERMINE
WHETHER YOU ARE PERFORMING SERVICE ON OR
NEAR THE SRS COMPONENTS OR THE SRS
WIRING. WHEN YOU ARE PERFORMING SERVICE
ON OR NEAR THE SRS COMPONENTS OR THE SRS
WIRING, REFER TO THE SRS SERVICE
INFORMATION. FAILURE TO FOLLOW WARNINGS
COULD RESULT IN POSSIBLE AIR BAG
DEPLOYMENT, PERSONAL INJURY, OR
OTHERWISE UNNEEDED SRS SYSTEM REPAIRS.
CAUTION: Always use the correct fastener in the
proper location. When you replace a fastener, use
ONLY the exact part number for that application.
ISUZU will call out those fasteners that require a
replacement after removal. ISUZU will also call out
the fasteners that require thread lockers or thread
sealant. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, do not
use supplemental coatings (Paints, greases, or other
corrosion inhibitors) on threaded fasteners or
fastener joint interfaces. Generally, such coatings
adversely affect the fastener torque and the joint
clamping force, and may damage the fastener. When
you install fasteners, use the correct tightening
sequence and specifications. Following these
instructions can help you avoid damage to parts and
systems.

6D2–2
IGNITION SYSTEM
General Description
Ignition is done by the electronic ignition (El) that directly
fires the spark plugs from ignition coils through spark plug
wires without using a distributor. A pair of ignition coils for
the cylinders having different phases by 360
(No.1 and
No.4,No.2 and No.5,No.3 and No.6) are fired
simultaneously.
Since the cylinder on exhaust stroke requires less energy
to fire its ignition plug, energy from the ignition coils can be
utilized to fire the mating cylinder on compression stroke.
After additional 360
rotation, respective cylinder strokes
are reversed.
The EI consists of six ignition coils,ignition control
module, crank angle sensor, powertrain control module
(PCM) and other components.The ignition coils are connected with the PCM by means
of a 32 pin connector.
The ignition control module turns on/off the primary circuit
of ignition coils, and also it controls the ignition timing at
the engine speed below 538 rpm.
A notch in the timing disc on the crankshaft activates the
crank angle sensor which then sends information such as
firing order and starting timing of each ignition coil to the
PCM.
Further, the El employs ignition control (IC) to control
similar to a distributor system.
By receiving signals such as crank position,engine
speed, water temperature and Manifold Absolute
Pressure (MAP), the PCM controls the ignition timing.
D06RW084
Diagnosis
Refer to Section Drivability and Emissions for the
diagnosis to electronic ignition system (El system).

6D2–3
IGNITION SYSTEM
Ignition Coil
Removal
1. Disconnect battery ground cable.
2. Ignition coil connector and ignition coil.
Disconnect three connector from ignition coil.
Remove harness bracket bolt on cylinder head
cover.
Remove fixing bolts on ignition coil.
060RW121
Legend
(1) Ignition Coil Connector
(2) Bolt
(3) Ignition Coil Assembly
Inspection and Repair
Check the ignition coil assembly for insulation. Check
terminals for corrosion or damage, and replace as
necessary.
Measuring resistance of ignition coil assembly.
Terminal No.
Limit
1 to 2Without 0 ohm or infinity
maximum ohm.
1 to 3Same as above
2 to 3Same as above
Measure resistance of ignition coil assembly, and replace
the ignition coil assembly if its value exceeds the
standard.
060RW006
Installation
1. Install the ignition coil assembly (3).
Connect ignition coil connector (1) and ignition coil
(3), then tighten bolt (2) to the specified torque.
Torque: 4 Nꞏm (0.4 Kgꞏm/35 lb in)
060RW121
2. Connect battery ground cable.

6D2–4
IGNITION SYSTEM
Spark Plug
Removal
1. Remove spark plugs.
Inspection and Repair
The spark plug affects entire engine performance and
therefore its inspection is very important.
Check electrode and insulator for presence of cracks,
and replace if any.
Check electrode for wear, and replace if necessary.
Check gasket for damage, and replace if necessary.
Measure insulation resistance with an ohmmeter, and
replace if faulty.
Adjust spark plug gap to 1.0 mm (0.04 in) 1.1 mm
(0.043 in).
Check fuel and electrical systems if spark plug is
extremely dirty.
Use spark plugs having low heat value (hot type plug)
if fuel and electrical systems are normal.
Use spark plugs having high heat value (cold type
plug) if insulator and electrode are extremely burned.
Sooty Spark Plugs
Much deposit of carbon or oil on the electrode and
insulator of spark plug reduces the engine performance.
Possible causes:
Too rich mixture
Presence of oil in combustion chamber
Incorrectly adjusted spark plug gap
Burning Electrodes
This fault is characterized by scorched or heavily oxidized
electrode or blistered insulator nose.
Possible causes:
Too lean mixture
Improper heat value
Measuring Insulation Resistance
Measure insulation resistance using a 500 volt
megaohm meter.
Replace spark plugs if measured value is out of
standard.
Insulation resistance: 50 M
or more
011RS010
Cleaning Spark Plugs
Clean spark plugs with a spark plug cleaner.
Raise the ground electrode to an angle of 45 to 60
degrees. If electrode is wet, dry it before cleaning.
After spark plug is thoroughly cleaned, check
insulator for presence of cracks.
Clean threads and metal body with a wire brush.
File the electrode tip if electrode is extremely worn.
Bend the ground electrode to adjust the spark plug
gap.
011RS011
Installation
1. Spark plugs
Tighten spark plugs to the specified torque.
Torque: 18 Nꞏm (1.8 Kgꞏm/13 lb ft)

6D2–5
IGNITION SYSTEM
Crankshaft Angle Sensor
Removal
1. Disconnect battery ground cable
2. Wiring connector from crankshaft angle sensor.
3. Remove crankshaft angle sensor from cylinder block.
012RS008
Installation
1. Install crankshaft angle sensor into the cylinder block.
Before installation,apply small amount of engine oil to
the O–ring.
Torque: 10 Nꞏm (1.0 Kgꞏm/89 lb in)
2. Reconnect wiring connector to crankshaft angle
sensor.