replace battery TOYOTA RAV4 1996 Service Repair Manual

wiring harness between ABS control relay and DLC1. Repair or replace as necessary. See WIRING
DIAGRAMS .
2. If ABS warning light is on, go to next step. If ABS warning light is off, check for open or short circuit in
wiring harness between ECU-IG fuse and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
3. Start engine and check charging system voltage. If voltage is 10-16 volts, go to next step. If voltage is not
10-16 volts, diagnose charging system. Repair as necessary.
4. Turn ignition off. Disconnect appropriate ABS ECU connector supporting IG1 terminal. See Fig. 3
. Turn
ignition switch to ON position. Ensure ABS warning light turns off. If light turns off, replace ABS ECU.
If light does not turn off, check for short circuit in wiring harness between combination meter (instrument
panel) and ABS ECU, or between combination meter and DLC1. Repair as necessary. See WIRING
DIAGRAMS .
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
DTC 11 & DTC 12: ABS CONTROL (SOLENOID) RELAY CIRCUIT
Circuit Description
This relay supplies power to each ABS solenoid. After ignition switch is turned to ON position, if initial check
is okay, this relay turns on. If malfunction occurs in ABS control relay circuit, ABS ECU cuts off current to
ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control.
DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of following conditions may set DTC 11 or DTC 12 if condition occurs for .2 seconds or more:
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A9-1 is less than 1.5 volts and voltage at connector
terminal A9-5 is zero volts, DTC 11 may set.
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A9-1 is 10-14 volts and voltage at connector terminal
A9-5 is 10-14 volts, DTC 12 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect ABS control relay 6-pin connector A9, located in engine compartment at front of vehicle. See
Fig. 1
. Measure voltage between connector terminals A9-2 and A9-6. See Fig. 4 . If voltage is 10-14
volts, go to next step. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, repair wiring harness between ground, battery and
ABS control relay.
2. Measure resistance between ABS control relay terminal A9-5 and appropriate ABS ECU terminals. See
ABS ECU
-TO-ACTUATOR CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION/RESISTANCE VALUES . See Fig. 3 .
If resistance on every circuit is between 26-40 ohms, go to next step. If resistance is not as specified,
check for open or short circuit in appropriate wiring between ABS control relay, ABS actuator and ABS
ECU. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring is okay, replace ABS actuator.
ABS ECU-TO-ACTUATOR CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION/RESISTANCE VALUES
CircuitABS ECU
Connector/TerminalWire Color

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DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of any of the following conditions may set DTC 13 or DTC 14 if condition occurs for .2 seconds or
more:
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A8-4 is less than 1.5 volts, and voltage at connector
terminal A8-2 is zero volts, DTC 13 may set.
If voltage at ABS control relay connector terminal A8-4 is 10-14 volts, and voltage at connector terminal
A8-2 is 10-14 volts, DTC 14 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect ABS control relay connector A8, located in engine compartment at front of vehicle. See Fig.
1 . Measure voltage between ground and motor relay connector terminal A8-1. See Fig. 5 . If voltage is
10-14 volts, go to next step. If voltage is not 10-14 volts, repair wiring harness between battery and motor
relay. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
2. Disconnect 2 ABS actuator connectors. Check for continuity on Blue/Red wire between ABS actuator
connector terminal A7-2 and ABS control relay connector terminal A8-2. Also check for continuity on
Blue/Red wire between ABS actuator connector terminal A7-3 and ABS ECU connector terminal A16-
10. See Fig. 5
. Continuity should exist. If continuity is not present on either wire, repair open circuit on
affected wire between ABS control relay and ABS ECU. If continuity is present on both wires, go to next
step.
3. Check resistance between ABS actuator terminals A7-2 and A7-3. Resistance should be 26-40 ohms. If
resistance is as specified, go to next step. If resistance is not as specified, replace ABS actuator.
4. Check ABS control relay. See MOTOR RELAY SECTION
under ABS CONTROL RELAY under
COMPONENT TESTS. Replace relay as necessary. If relay tests okay, go to next step.
5. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS control relay and ABS ECU. Repair as
necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If circuit is okay, go to next step.
6. Clear DTCs and then recheck for DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If
same DTC is output after DTC is cleared, check contact condition of each connection. Repair as
necessar
y. If connections are okay, replace ABS ECU.

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DTC 21, DTC 22, DTC 23 & DTC 24: ABS ACTUATOR SOLENOID CIRCUIT
Circuit Description
This solenoid turns on when signals are received from ABS ECU and controls pressure acting on calipers/wheel
cylinders, thus controlling braking force. If malfunction occurs in actuator solenoid circuit, ABS ECU cuts off
current to ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control.
DTC Detecting Conditions
If the following conditions continue for .05 seconds or more, DTC will set. Voltage at ABS control relay
connector terminal A9-1 is less than 1.5 volts, and one of the following conditions is met:
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SFRR or terminal SFRH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 21 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SFLR or terminal SFLH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 22 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SRRR or terminal SRRH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 23 will set.
If power transistor of ABS ECU is on, and voltage at terminal SRLR or terminal SRLH is zero volts or
battery voltage is detected, DTC 24 will set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Disconnect 2 ABS actuator connectors. Check continuity between actuator connector terminal A7- 4 and
actuator connector terminals A6-1 through A6-8. See Fig. 6
. Continuity should exist at each pair of
terminals. Check resistance at each pair of terminals. Resistance should be 4.3 ohms for each solenoid
coil at terminals SFRR, SFLR, SRRR and SRLR. Resistance should be 8.8 ohms for each solenoid coil at
terminals SFRH, SFLH, SRRH and SRLH. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If continuity and resistance is
as specified, go to next step. If continuity and resistance is not as specified, replace ABS actuator.
2. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between ABS ECU and actuator. Repair as necessary.
See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If circuits are okay, go to next step.
3. Clear DTCs and then recheck for DTCs. See RETRIEVING DTCS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If
same DTC is output after DTC is cleared, check contact condition of each connection. Repair as
necessar
y. If connections are okay, replace ABS ECU.

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1999-2000 BRAKES Anti-Lock - RAV4
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1. Disconnect front speed sensor connector. Measure resistance between speed sensor connector terminals.
Resistance should be 1.4-1.8 k/ohms. Measure resistance between ground and each speed sensor
connector terminal. Resistance should be one megohm or more. If resistance is as specified, go to step 3 .
If resistance is not as specified, replace speed sensor.
2. Disconnect rear speed sensor connector. Measure resistance between speed sensor connector terminals.
Resistance should be 1.28-1.48 k/ohms. Measure resistance between ground and each speed sensor
connector terminal. Resistance should be one megohm or more. If resistance is as specified, go to next
step. If resistance is not as specified, replace speed sensor.
3. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between affected speed sensor and ABS ECU. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, go to next step.
4. Check speed sensor installation. Ensure mounting bolt is tightened to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS . Ensure zero clearance exists between sensor and front steering knuckle or rear axle
carrier. Replace speed sensor if necessary. If speed sensor installation is okay, check speed sensor signal.
See SPEED SENSOR DIAGNOSTICS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. If signal is normal, go to next
step.
5. If oscilloscope is available, check speed sensor signal wave form. Remove ABS ECU. Do not disconnect
electrical connectors. Connect oscilloscope between GND terminal and terminals FR+, FL+, RR+ and
RL+ at ABS ECU connector. See Fig. 3
. Drive vehicle at 19 MPH and observe signal wave form. Signal
should be smooth and consistent without any irregular wave forms. If wave form is smooth and
consistent, replace ABS ECU. If wave form is not smooth and consistent, go to next step.
6. Check speed sensor rotor for missing teeth or damage. Check sensor tip for scratches, damage or foreign
objects. Replace components as necessary. If rotor and sensor are okay, replace ABS ECU.
DTC 37: TIRES OF DIFFERENT SIZE (2WD MODELS ONLY)
DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of the following condition may set DTC 37:
Driving vehicle at speed of more than 12 MPH for more than 20 seconds with one or 2 tires of different
sizes, 3 different times continuously will set DTC 37.
Diagnostic Procedure
Ensure vehicle tires are all the same size and correct size for vehicle. Replace tires as necessary. If tire size is
okay, replace ABS ECU.
DTC 41: LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
Circuit Description
Circuit is power source for ABS ECU, which includes actuator. If malfunction occurs in power source circuit,
ABS ECU cuts off current to ABS control relay and prohibits ABS control. DEFINITIONS
under DIAGNOSIS & TESTING. For front speed sensor diagnosis,
start at step 1 . For rear speed sensor, start at step 2 .

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1999-2000 BRAKES Anti-Lock - RAV4
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DTC Detecting Condition
Detection of the following condition may set DTC 41:
At vehicle speed of about 2 MPH or more, if voltage at ABS ECU terminal IG1 is less than 9.5 volts for
10 seconds or more, DTC 41 may set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Check charging system voltage. If voltage is 10-14 volts, system is okay. Go to next step. If voltage is not
10-14 volts, repair charging system. Ensure system fuses are okay.
2. Turn ignition off. Remove ABS ECU. Do not disconnect electrical connectors. Turn ignition switch to
ON position. Measure voltage between terminals IG1 and GND at ABS ECU harness connector. See Fig.
3 . If voltage is 10-14 volts, turn ignition off. Condition may be intermittent. Check ABS ECU connectors
for poor connection or damage. Repair as necessary. If connectors are okay, replace ABS ECU. If voltage
is not as specified, go to next step.
3. Measure resistance between ground and GND terminals at ABS ECU harness connector. See Fig. 3
. If
resistance is one ohm or less, go to next step. If resistance is more than one ohm, repair ground circuit
wiring. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
4. Remove ECU-IG fuse from instrument panel junction block. If fuse is blown, check for short circuit in all
wiring harnesses and components connected to ECU-IG fuse (ECM, A/C, cruise control, deceleration
sensor, combination meter, sun roof, shift lock, transmission pattern select switch). See WIRING
DIAGRAMS . Repair as necessary. If fuse is not blown, check for open circuit in wiring harness between
battery and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary.
DTC 43 & DTC 45: DECELERATION SENSOR MALFUNCTION (4WD MODELS ONLY)
DTC Detecting Conditions
Detection of the following conditions may set DTCs 43 or 45:
On 2-door models, if output voltage from deceleration sensor does not change for 16 consecutive times or
more when vehicle speed is decreased from 19 MPH to zero MPH, DTC 43 will set.
On 4-door models, after battery cables are connected, if input from deceleration sensor does not change at
one cycle (zero MPH to 19 MPH or more, then back to zero) for 16 consecutive times, DTC 43 will set.
When brake pedal is not depressed at vehicle speed of 3 MPH or more, and forward and backward force
(force of more than 0.4 "G") is detected for 30 seconds or more, DTC 43 will set.
On 2-door models, at vehicle speed of 19 MPH or more, if deceleration sensor output and vehicle
acceleration from wheel speed remains abnormally different for one minute or more, DTC 45 will set.
Diagnostic Procedure
1. Check deceleration sensor. See DECELERATION SENSOR CHECK under COMPONENT TESTS.
Replace sensor as necessary. If sensor is okay, go to next step.
2. Check for open or short circuit in wiring harness between deceleration sensor and ABS ECU. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS
. Repair as necessary. If wiring harness is okay, replace ABS ECU.

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Diagnostic Procedure
1. Depress brake pedal and ensure brakelights illuminate. If brakelights illuminate, go to next step. If
brakelights do not illuminate, check stoplight switch adjustment. See STOPLIGHT SWITCH
under
ADJUSTMENTS. If stoplight switch adjustment is okay, locate and repair fault in stoplight circuit. See
WIRING DIAGRAMS
.
2. Turn ignition off. Remove ABS ECU. Do not disconnect electrical connectors. Measure voltage between
ground and terminal STP at ABS ECU harness connector when brake pedal is depressed. See Fig. 3
. If
voltage is 8-14 volts, stoplight switch circuit is okay at this time. If voltage is not 8-14 volts, go to next
step.
3. Check for open circuit in wiring harness between stoplight switch and ABS ECU. Repair as necessary.
See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If wiring harness is okay, replace ABS ECU.
DTC 51: ABS PUMP MOTOR LOCKED
Circuit Description
If malfunction occurs in ABS pump motor, ABS ECU cuts off current to ABS control relay and prohibits ABS
control.
DTC Detection Condition
Detection of the following condition may set DTC 51:
ABS actuator pump motor is not operating properly during initial check.
Diagnostic Procedure
Disconnect ABS actuator connector A7. Connect jumper wires between battery positive terminal and actuator
terminal A7-2, and battery negative terminal to terminal A7-1. See Fig. 6
. Ensure pump motor operates. If
pump motor operates, check for open circuit in wiring harness between ABS control relay, actuator and ABS
ECU. Repair as necessary. See WIRING DIAGRAMS
. If pump motor does not operate, replace ABS
actuator.
COMPONENT TESTS
ABS CONTROL RELAY
Solenoid Relay Section
1. Check continuity between specified ABS control relay terminals. See Fig. 7 . Continuity should exist
between ABS control relay terminals A9-5 and A9-6. Continuity should not exist between terminals A9-2 NOTE: ABS control relay has both ABS solenoid relay and ABS motor relay integrated
into one component. Replace complete ABS control relay if either solenoid or
motor section fails.

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and A9-5. Measure resistance between terminals A8-3 and A9-1. Resistance should be 80 ohms. Replace
ABS control relay if it does not test as described.
2. If relay tests as described, apply battery voltage and ground to ABS control relay terminals A8-3 and A9-
1. See Fig. 7
. Check continuity between terminals A9-2 and A9-5. Continuity should exist. Check
continuity between terminals A9-5 and A9-6. Continuity should not exist. Check for continuity between
terminals A9-4 and A9-5. If continuity does not exist, reverse test leads and recheck. If continuity still
does not exist, or if relay does not test as described, replace ABS control relay.
Fig. 7: Testing ABS Control Relay Continuity
- Solenoid Section
Courtesy of TOYOTA MOTOR SALES, U.S.A., INC.

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Motor Relay Section
1. Check continuity between specified ABS control relay terminals. See Fig. 8 . Continuity should exist
between terminals A8-3 and A8-4. Continuity should not exist between terminals A8-1 and A8-2.
Measure resistance between terminals A8-3 and A8-4. Resistance should be 68 ohms. Replace motor
relay if it does not test as described.
2. If relay tests as described, apply battery voltage and ground between terminals A8-3 and A8-4. Check
continuity between terminals A8-1 and A8-2. Continuity should exist. If continuity is not as described,
replace ABS control rela
y.

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The air bag sensor, which deploys air bags, contains a back-up power supply, safing sensor and diagnostic code
memory. Spiral cable (clockspring) maintains a complete circuit to the steering wheel pad.
SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK
Turn ignition switch to ACC or ON position. Air bag warning light in instrument cluster should come on for
about 6 seconds and then go out. If light does not respond as specified, SRS is malfunctioning and needs repair.
See DIAGNOSIS
.
SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
Observe the following precautions when working on SRS:
Before servicing any SRS or steering column component, disable SRS. See DISABLING &
ACTIVATING AIR BAG SYSTEM . Failure to disable system could result in accidental air bag
deployment and personal injury.
When diagnosing SRS, always check for diagnostic codes before disconnecting battery.
After ignition switch is turned to LOCK position and negative battery cable is disconnected, wait at least
90 seconds before working on SRS. SRS is equipped with a back-up power source that may allow air bag
to deploy within 90 seconds of disconnecting negative battery cable.
In a minor collision in which air bags do not deploy, steering wheel pad must be inspected.
NEVER use air bag parts from another vehicle. Replace air bag parts with new parts.
Air bag sensor assembly contains mercury. After replacement, DO NOT destroy the old part. When
scrapping vehicle or replacing air bag sensor assembly, remove air bag sensor assembly and dispose of as
toxic waste.
Never disassemble or repair system components. Replace cracked, dented or otherwise damaged system
components.
Remove air bag sensor if shocks are likely to be applied to the sensor during repairs.
When diagnosing electrical circuits, use a Digital Volt/Ohmmeter (DVOM) with high impedance (10,000
ohms minimum).
Information labels are attached to air bag components. Follow all notices on labels.
After servicing SRS, check air bag warning light to ensure system is functioning properly. See SYSTEM
OPERATION CHECK .
Always wear safety glasses when servicing or handling an air bag.
When placing a live air bag on a bench or other surface, always face air bag and trim cover up, away from
surface. This will reduce motion of module if accidentally deployed.
After deployment, air bag surface may contain deposits of sodium hydroxide which irritates skin. During
clean-up, always wear safety glasses, rubber gloves and long-sleeved shirt. After clean-up, wash hands
using mild soap and water.
When carrying a live air bag module, trim cover must be pointed away from your body to minimize
injury in case of accidental deployment.
If SRS is not fully functional for any reason, vehicle should not be driven until system is repaired and
a
gain becomes operational. DO NOTremove bulbs, modules, sensors or other components or in any way

1996 Toyota 4Runner
AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1996 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Toyota Air Bag Restraint System
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CLEARING CODES
1. At DLC, connect a jumper wire to terminal Tc, and another jumper wire to terminal AB. See Fig. 12
.
Turn ignition switch to ACC or ON position. Wait about 6 seconds.
2. Starting with terminal Tc, apply body ground alternately to terminal Tc and terminal AB twice each, in
cycles of 1/2 to 1 1/2 seconds. Finally, keep applying body ground to terminal Tc until air bag warning
light flashes quickly, indicating codes are cleared.
DIAGNOSIS
AIR BAG WARNING LIGHT DOES NOT COME ON AT ALL
11Short To Ground In Squib Circuit
12Short To Battery In Squib Circuit
14Open In D Squib Circuit
31Air Bag Sensor Assembly Malfunction
54Open In P Squib Circuit
NOTE: When alternately connecting jumper probes to terminals, simultaneously
release one probe from one terminal while connecting other probe to other
terminal. If time interval between probings is too long, codes will not clear.
WARNING:Failure to follow air bag service precautions may result in air bag
deployment and personal injury. See SERVICE PRECAUTIONS
. After
component replacement, perform system operational check to ensure
proper system operation. See SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK
.
CAUTION: Ensure ignition switch is in LOCK position before disconnecting or
connecting negative battery cable. If ignition switch is in ACC or ON
position when negative battery cable is disconnected or connected, center
air bag sensor may be damaged.
NOTE: For air bag sensor connector terminal identification, see Fig. 13
.

1996 Toyota 4Runner
AIR BAG RESTRAINT SYSTEM 1996 ACCESSORIES/SAFETY EQUIPMENT Toyota Air Bag Restraint System
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