NISSAN X-TRAIL 2001 Service Repair Manual

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
CO-25
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OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISPFP:00012
Troubleshooting ChartEBS00BAW
Symptom Check items
Cooling sys-
tem parts
malfunctionPoor heat transferWater pump malfunction Worn or loose drive belt
— Thermostat stuck closed —
Damaged finsDust contamination or
paper clogging
Physical damage
Clogged radiator cooling
tubeExcess foreign material
(rust, dirt, sand, etc.)
Reduced air flowCooling fan does not oper-
ate
Fan assembly — High resistance to fan rota-
tion
Damaged fan blades
Damaged radiator shroud — — —
Improper engine coolant
mixture ratio—— —
Poor engine coolant quality — Engine coolant viscosity —
Insufficient engine coolantEngine coolant leaksCooling hoseLoose clamp
Cracked hose
Water pump Poor sealing
Radiator capLoose
Poor sealing
RadiatorO-ring for damage, deterio-
ration or improper fitting
Cracked radiator tank
Cracked radiator core
Reservoir tank Cracked reservoir tank
Overflowing reservoir tankExhaust gas leaks into
cooling systemCylinder head deterioration
Cylinder head gasket dete-
rioration

CO-26
[YD22DDTi]
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
Except cool-
ing system
parts mal-
function— Overload on engineAbusive drivingHigh engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
Powertrain system mal-
function
— Installed improper size
wheels and tires
Dragging brakes
Improper ignition timing
Blocked or restricted air
flowBlocked bumper —
— Blocked radiator grilleInstalled car brassiere
Mud contamination or
paper clogging
Blocked radiator —
Blocked condenser
Blocked air flow
Installed large fog lamp Symptom Check items

COOLING SYSTEM
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COOLING SYSTEMPFP:21020
Cooling CircuitEBS00BAX
SBIA0127E

CO-28
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COOLING SYSTEM
System Drawing
EBS00LS1
PBIC1246E

ENGINE COOLANT
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ENGINE COOLANTPFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS00BAY
LEVEL CHECK
●Check if the reservoir tank engine coolant level within MIN to
MAX when engine is cool.
●Adjust engine coolant if too much or too little.
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS
To check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with a
tester.
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure engine coolant escaping
from the radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS00BAZ
WARNING:
●To avoid being scalded, never change the engine coolant when the engine is hot.
●Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn
to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
●Be careful not to allow engine coolant to contact drive
belts.
●Cover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
engine coolant.
2. Open drain plugs on cylinder block and air relief plug.
3. Remove reservoir tank, drain engine coolant, then clean reser-
voir tank.
4. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust,
corrosion or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer to CO-31,
"FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .
SMA412B
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm
2 , 23 psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E
SBIA0129E

CO-30
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE COOLANT
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain plug and cylinder block drain plug.
●Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plug.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Fill radiator slowly with engine coolant until engine coolant spills
from the air relief plugs, then install air relief plugs.
CAUTION:
If the filling rate is too fast, this could lead to air being
mixed in the engine coolant. Be sure to fill the engine cool-
ant slowly according to the rate indicated above.
●Replace the copper washer of the air bleeding plug.
●Use genuine Nissan anti-freeze engine coolant or equiva-
lent mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
Refer to MA-16, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".
●Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a
minute to allow air in system to escape.
3. Fill reservoir tank to specified level.
4. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radia-
tor cap installed.
●If engine coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install
radiator cap.
5. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed
with radiator cap installed.
●Repeat two or three times.
Watch engine coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat
the engine.
6. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately
50°C(122°F).
●Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
●If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
7. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with engine coolant.
SBIA0130E
Cylinder block drain plug:
: 7.8 - 11.8 N·m (0.8 -1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb)
Air relief plug:
: 6.7 - 7.9 N·m (0.68 - 0.81 kg-m, 59 - 70 in-lb)
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):

9.5 (8-3/8 Imp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank
: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
SMA412B

ENGINE COOLANT
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8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 two or more times with radiator cap installed until engine coolant level no longer
drops.
9. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
10. Warm up engine, and check for sound of engine coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000
rpm with heater temperature controller set at several position between COOL and WARM.
●Sound may be noticeable at heater unit.
11. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 5 through 7 until engine coolant level
no longer drops.
●Clean excess engine coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator with water until water spills from the air relief hole, then close air relief flag. Fill radiator and
reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
2. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
3. Rev engine two or three times under no-load.
4. Stop engine and wait until it cools down.
5. Drain water.
6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from radiator.

CO-32
[YD22DDTi]
RADIATOR
RADIATOR
PFP:21400
Removal and InstallationEBS00BB0
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter
turn to allow built-up pressure to escape. Carefully remove the cap by turning it all the way.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-29, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
2. Remove undercover.
3. Disconnect radiator upper hose, lower hose, reservoir tank hose and mounting bracket.
4. Remove radiator and radiator fan assembly
CAUTION:
Do not damage or scratch radiator core when removing.
INSTALLATION
●Reinstall any parts removed in reverse order of removal.
●Check for engine coolant leaks. Refer to CO-29, "CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS" .
PBIC0671E
1. Radiator 2. Bracket 3. Mounting rubber
4. Drain plug 5. Radiator hose (lower) 6. Radiator fan assembly
7. Reservoir tank 8. Radiator hose (upper) 9. Radiator cap

RADIATOR
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Disassembly and Assembly Radiator FanEBS00BB1
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove radiator fan.
2. Remove fan motor from fan shroud.
ASSEMBLY
Install in the reverse order of removal.
Checking Radiator CapEBS00BB2
●Check that there is no dirt or damage on the valve seat of the radiator cap negative-pressure valve.
●Check that there are no unusualness in the opening and closing
conditions of the negative-pressure valve.
●Pull the negative pressure valve to open it.
●Check that it close completely when released.
PBIC0238E
1. Radiator fan motors 2. Radiator fan shroud 3. Radiator fan
SMA967B

CO-34
[YD22DDTi]
RADIATOR
●Check radiator cap relief pressure.
●When connecting the radiator cap to the tester, apply engine
coolant to the cap seal part.
●Replace the radiator cap if there is an unusualness in the nega-
tive-pressure valve, or if the open-valve pressure is outside of
the standard values.
Checking RadiatorEBS00BRH
Check radiator for mud or clogging. If necessary, clean radiator as follows.
●Be careful not to bend or damage the radiator fins.
●When radiator is cleaned without removal, remove all surrounding parts such as cooling fan, radiator
shroud and horns. Then tape the harness and connectors to prevent water from entering.
1. Apply water by hose to the back side of the radiator core vertically downwards.
2. Apply water again to all radiator core surface once per minute.
3. Stop washing if any stains no longer flow out from the radiator.
4. Blow air into the back side of radiator core vertically downwards.
●Use compressed air lower than 490 kPa (4.9 bar 5 kg/cm2 , 71psi) and keep distance more than 30
cm(11.8 in).
5. Blow air again into all the radiator core surface once per minute until no water sprays out. Standard : 78 - 98 kPa (0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0 kg/
cm
2 , 11 - 14 psi)
Limit : 59 kPa (0.59 bar, 0.6 kg/cm
2 , 9 psi)
SLC135B