Back OPEL FRONTERA 1998 Workshop Manual

5A–5 BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM
FR
Front Right
GEN
Generator
MV
Millivolts
RL
Rear Left
RR
Rear RightRPS
Revolution per Second
VDC
Vo l t s D C
VA C
Vo l t s A C
W/L
Warning Light
WSS
Wheel Speed Sensor
General Diagnosis
General Information
ABS malfunction can be classified into two types, those
which can be detected by the ABS warning light and those
which can be detected as a vehicle abnormality by the
driver.
In either case, locate the fault in accordance with the
“BASIC DIAGNOSTIC FLOWCHART” and repair.
Please refer to Section 5C for the diagnosis of
mechanical troubles such as brake noise, brake judder
(brake pedal or vehicle vibration felt when braking),
uneven braking, and parking brake trouble.
ABS Service Precautions
Required Tools and Items:
Box Wrench
Brake Fluid
Special Tool
Some diagnosis procedures in this section require the
installation of a special tool.
J-39200 High Impedance Multimeter
When circuit measurements are requested, use a circuit
tester with high impedance.
Computer System Service Precautions
The Anti-lock Brake System interfaces directly with the
Electronic Hydraulic Control Unit (EHCU) which is a
control computer that is similar in some regards to the
Powertrain Control Module. These modules are designed
to withstand normal current draws associated with
vehicle operation. However, care must be taken to avoid
overloading any of the EHCU circuits. In testing for opens
or shorts, do not ground or apply voltage to any of the
circuits unless instructed to do so by the appropriate
diagnostic procedure. These circuits should only be
tested with a high impedance multimeter (J-39200) or
special tools as described in this section. Power should
never be removed or applied to any control module with
the ignition in the “ON” position.
Before removing or connecting battery cables, fuses or
connectors, always turn the ignition switch to the “OFF”
position.
General Service Precautions
The following are general precautions which should be
observed when servicing and diagnosing the Anti-lock
Brake System and/or other vehicle systems. Failure toobserve these precautions may result in Anti-lock Brake
System damage.
If welding work is to be performed on the vehicle using
an electric arc welder, the EHCU and valve block
connectors should be disconnected before the
welding operation begins.
The EHCU and valve block connectors should never
be connected or disconnected with the ignition “ON” .
EHCU of the Anti-lock Brake System are not
separately serviceable and must be replaced as
assemblies. Do not disassemble any component
which is designated as non-serviceable in this
Section.
If only rear wheels are rotated using jacks or drum
tester, the system will diagnose a speed sensor
malfunction and the “ABS” warning light will
illuminate. But actually no trouble exists. After
inspection stop the engine once and re-start it, then
make sure that the “ABS” warning light does not
illuminate.
If the battery has been discharged
The engine may stall if the battery has been completely
discharged and the engine is started via jumper cables.
This is because the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)
requires a large quantity of electricity. In this case, wait
until the battery is recharged, or set the ABS to a
non-operative state by removing the fuse for the ABS
(40A). After the battery has been recharged, stop the
engine and install the ABS fuse. Start the engine again,
and confirm that the ABS warning light does not light.
Note on Intermittents
As with virtually any electronic system, it is difficult to
identify an intermittent failure. In such a case duplicating
the system malfunction during a test drive or a good
description of vehicle behavior from the customer may be
helpful in locating a “most likely” failed component or
circuit. The symptom diagnosis chart may also be useful
in isolating the failure. Most intermittent problems are
caused by faulty electrical connections or wiring. When
an intermittent failure is encountered, check suspect
circuits for:
Suspected harness damage.
Poor mating of connector halves or terminals not fully
seated in the connector body (backed out).
Improperly formed or damaged terminals.

6A–41
ENGINE MECHANICAL
3. Remove oil strainer fixing bolts, remove oil strainer
assembly with O-ring.
050RW002
Legend
(1) Oil Pump
(2) Oil Strainer
(3) Oil Gallery
(4) From Oil Filter
(5) To Oil Filter
4. Remove three fixing bolts, oil pipe with O-ring.
5. Remove eight fixing bolts, oil gallery.
6. Remove piston with connecting rod assembly, before
removing the bearing cap, remove carbon on the top
of cylinder bore and push piston with connecting rod
out from the top of cylinder bore.
Installation
1. Install piston with connecting rod assembly.
Apply engine oil to cylinder bore, connecting rod
bearing and crank pin.
When installing the piston, its front mark must face
the engine front side.
The bearing cap number must be the same as
connecting rod number.
Apply engine oil to the thread and seating surface of
each nut.
Tighten nuts to the specified torque.
Torque : 54 Nꞏm (5.5 Kgꞏm/40 lb ft)
After tightening the nuts, make sure that the
crankshaft rotates smoothly.
NOTE: Do not apply engine oil to the bearing back faces
and connecting rod bearing fitting surfaces.
015RW003
Legend
(1) Piston Front Mark
(2) Piston Grade
(3) Connecting Rod Front Mark
2. Install oil gallery and tighten the bolts in two steps, in
the order shown in illustration.
To r q u e :
1st step : 29 Nꞏm (3.0 Kgꞏm/21 lb ft)
2nd step : 55
–65
051RS009
3. Install oil pipe with O-ring.
Torque : 10 Nꞏm (1.0 Kgꞏm/89 lb in)
4. Install oil strainer assembly with O-ring.
Torque : 25 Nꞏm (2.5 Kgꞏm/18 lb ft)
5. Install crankcase with Oil Pan.
Refer to installation procedure for Oil Pan and
Crankcase in this manual.
6. Install cylinder head assembly.
Refer to installation procedure for Cylinder Head in
this manual.

6A–43
ENGINE MECHANICAL
6. Remove oil pump assembly.
Refer to removal procedure for Oil Pump in this
manual.
7. Remove cylinder body side bolts.
8. Remove oil gallery.
9. Remove flywheel.
10. Remove rear oil seal retainer.
Refer to removal procedure for Rear Oil Seal in this
manual.
11. Remove connecting rod caps.
12. Remove crankshaft main bearing caps.
13. Remove crankshaft and main bearings.
Installation
1. Install crankshaft and main bearings.
Install main bearing in the cylinder block and main
bearing cap respectively.
Apply new engine oil to upper and lower main
bearings.
NOTE:
Do not apply engine oil to the bearing back faces.
Make sure that main bearings are in correct position.
Install crankshaft with care.
Apply engine oil to the thrust washer.
Install thrust washer on No.3 journal.
Oil grooves in thrust washer must face the
crankshaft.
015RS012
015RS013
2. Install crankshaft main bearing caps.
Apply engine oil to the thread and seating surface of
each bearing cap fixing bolt.
NOTE:
Do not apply engine oil to the bearing back faces.
Install bearing caps in the order of numbers, starting
with cylinder block front side.
Tighten main bearing fixing bolts to the specified
torque.
Torque : 39 Nꞏm (4.0 Kgꞏm/29 lb ft)
After tightening the bolts, make sure that the
crankshaft rotates smoothly.
3. Install connecting rod caps.
The cap number must be same as connecting rod
number.
Apply engine oil to the thread and seating surface of
each nut.
Tighten nuts to the specified torque.
Torque : 54 Nꞏm (5.5 Kgꞏm/40 lb ft)
After tightening the nuts, make sure that the
crankshaft rotates smoothly.
4. Install rear oil seal retainer.
Remove oil on cylinder block and retainer fitting
surface.
Apply sealant (TB1207B or equivalent) to retainer
fitting surface as shown in illustration.

6A–48
ENGINE MECHANICAL
Engine Assembly
Removal
035RW027
1. Disconnect battery ground and positive cable.
2. Remove battery.
3. Make alignment mark on the engine hood and hinges
before removal in order to return the hood to original
position exactly.
4. Remove engine hood.
5. Drain radiator coolant.
6. Disconnect accelerator cable and automatic cruise
control cable from throttle valve on common
chamber.
7. Disconnect air duct with air cleaner cover.
8. Remove air cleaner assembly.
9. Disconnect canister vacuum hose.
10. Disconnect vacuum booster hose.
11. Disconnect three engine harness connectors.
12. Disconnect harness connector to transmission (left
front side of engine compartment), disconnect shift
on the fly harness connector from front side of front
axle and remove transmission harness bracket from
engine left side.
13. Disconnect ground cable between engine and frame.
14. Disconnect bonding cable connector on the back of
right dash panel.
15. Disconnect bonding cable terminal on the left bank.
16. Disconnect starter harness connector from starter.
17. Disconnect generator harness connector from
generator.
18. Disconnect coolant reserve tank hose from radiator.
19. Remove radiator upper and lower hoses.
20. Remove upper fan shroud.
21. Remove cooling fan assembly four fixing nuts, then
the cooling fan assembly.
22. Move drive belt tensioner to loose side using wrench
then remove drive belt.23. Remove power steering pump fixing bolts, then
power steering pump. Place the power steering pump
along with piping on the body side.
24. Remove air conditioning compressor fixing bolts from
bracket and place the compressor along with piping
on the body side.
25. Remove O
2 sensor harness connectors from exhaust
front pipe.
26. Remove three exhaust pipe fixing nuts from each
bank.
27. Remove two exhaust pipe fixing nuts from each
exhaust pipe, then move exhaust pipe to rear side of
vehicle.
28. Remove flywheel dust covers.
29. Disconnect two heater hoses from engine.
30. Disconnect fuel hoses from right side of transmission.
CAUTION: Plug fuel pipes on engine side and fuel
hoses from fuel tank.
31. Remove transmission assembly. Refer to
Transmission section in this manual.
32. Support the engine by engine hoist.
33. Remove two left side engine mount fixing bolts from
engine mount on chassis side.
34. Remove two right side engine mount fixing bolts from
engine mount on chassis side.
35. Remove engine assembly.
Installation
CAUTION: W h e n a s s e m b l i n g t h e e n g i n e a n d
transmission, confirm that dowels have been
mounted in the specified positions at the engine
side. Take care that dowel positions are different
between the manual transmission and the automatic
transmission.

6A–50
ENGINE MECHANICAL
9. Install air conditioner compressor to engine and
tighten to the specified torque.
Torque :
M8 bolts : 22 Nꞏm (2.2 Kgꞏm/16 lb ft)
M10 bolts : 43 Nꞏm (4.4 Kgꞏm/32 lb ft)
10. Install power steering pump, tighten fixing bolt to the
specified torque.
Torque :
M8 bolts : 22Nꞏm (2.2 Kgꞏm/16 lb ft)
M10 bolts : 46 Nꞏm (4.7 Kgꞏm/34 lb ft)
11. Move drive belt tensioner to loose side using wrench,
then install drive belt to normal position.
850RW001
Legend
(1) Crankshaft Pulley
(2) Cooling Fan Pulley
(3) Tensioner
(4) Generator
(5) Air Conditioner Compressor
(6) Power Steering Oil Pump
(7) Drive Belt
12. Install upper fan shroud.
13. Reconnect radiator upper and lower hoses.
14. Reconnect coolant reserve tank hose to radiator.
15. Reconnect generator harness connector.
16. Reconnect starter harness connector.
17. Reconnect bonding cable terminal on left bank
18. Reconnect bonding cable terminal on the back of right
dash panel.19. Reconnect ground cable between engine and
chassis.
20. Reconnect harness connector to transmission and
install transmission harness bracket on engine left
side.
21. Reconnect three engine harness connectors.
22. Reconnect vacuum booster hose.
23. Reconnect canister vacuum hose.
24. Install air cleaner assembly.
25. Reconnect air duct.
26. Reconnect accelerator cable and automatic cruise
control cable to throttle valve on common chamber.
035RW007
Legend
(1) Throttle Valve Assembly
(2) Throttle Lever
(3) Idle Air Control Valve
(4) Throttle Position Sensor
27. Install engine hood to the original position.
Refer to installation procedure for Body section in
this manual.
Accelerator pedal cable adjustment
1. Loosen adjusting nut and lock nut.
2. Pull outer cable while fully closing the throttle
valve.
3. Tighten adjusting nut and lock nut temporarily.
4. Loosen adjusting nut by three turns and tighten
lock nut.
Then, manually operating the throttle valve, make
s u r e t h a t t h e v a l v e l e v e r r e t u r n s u p t o t h e s t o p p e r
screw.

6A–59
ENGINE MECHANICAL
Limit: 39.47 mm (1.5539 in)
Exhaust
Standard: 39.30 mm (1.5472 in)
Limit: 39.45 mm (1.5531 in)
014RW047
2. Measure the valve seat contact width. Make the
necessary corrections if the seat contact surface is
damaged or rough or if the contact width wear
exceeds the limit.
Valve seat contact width
Standard: 1.1 mm (0.0433 in)
Limit: 1.7 mm (0.0669 in)
014RS011
Contact Surface Angle on Valve Seat on
Va l v e
1. Measure contact surface angle on valve seat.2. If the measured value exceeds the limit, replace
valve, valve guide and valve seat as a set.
Valve contact surface angle: 45
014RS012
Valve Seat Insert Correction
1. Remove the carbon from the valve seat insert
surface.
2. Use a valve cutter to minimize scratches and other
rough areas. This will bring the contact width back to
the standard value. Remove only the scratches and
rough areas. Do not cut away too much. Take care not
to cut away unblemished areas of the valve seat
surface.
Valve seat angle degree: 90
014RW059
3. Apply abrasive compound to the valve seat insert
surface.
4. Insert the valve into the valve guide.
5.Turn the valve while lapping it to fit the valve seat
insert.

6A–73
ENGINE MECHANICAL
1 Size
MarkMain Bearing
Bore DiameterCrank Shaft Main
Journal Diameter2 Size
Mark
Crank Shaft
Bearing
Size Mark
(Upper
Side)Crank Shaft
Bearing
Size Mark
(Lower
Side)
Oil Clearance
(Reference)
168.994-69.000
63.918-63.925
(2.5165-2.5167)2BlueBlue0.030-0.049
(0.0012-0.0019)
1(2.7163-2.7165)63.926-63.933
(2.5168-2.5170)1
BrownBrown
0.028-0.047
(0.0011-0.0019)
268.987-68.993
63.918-63.925
(2.5165-2.5167)2
BrownBrown0.029-0.048
(0.0011-0.0019)
2(2.7160-2.7163)63.926-63.933
(2.5168-2.5170)1
GreenGreen
0.027-0.046
(0.0011-0.0018)
368.980-68.986
63.918-63.925
(2.5165-2.5167)2
GreenGreen0.028-0.047
(0.0011-0.0019)
3(2.7157-2.7160)63.926-63.933
(2.5168-2.5170)1Ye l l o wYe l l o w0.026-0.045
(0.0010-0.0018)
Reassembly
1. Crankshaft (12)
Install the main bearings to the cylinder block and
the main bearing caps.
Be sure that they are positioned correctly.
Apply new engine oil to the upper and lower main
bearing faces.
NOTE: Do not apply engine oil to the main bearing back
faces.
015RS012
Carefully mount the crankshaft.
Apply engine oil to the thrust washer.
Assemble the thrust washer to the No.3 bearing
journal. The oil grooves must face the crankshaft.
015RS013
2. Rear oil seal (10)
Remove the oil from the cylinder block and the
retainer mounting surface.
Apply sealant (TB–1207B or equivalent) to the
retainer mounting surface, following the pattern
shown in the illustration.
The retainer must be installed within 5 minutes after
sealant application befor the sealant hardens.

6A–75
ENGINE MECHANICAL
4. Piston and connecting rod assembly (8)
Apply engine oil to the cylinder bores, the
connecting rod bearings and the crankshaft pins.
Check to see that the piston ring end gaps are
correctly positioned.
015RS019
Legend
(1) No.1 Compression Ring
(2) No.2 Compression Ring
(3) Oil Ring Side Rail Upper
(4) Oil Ring Side Rail Lower
(5) Piston Front Mark
Insert the piston/connecting rod assemblies into
each cylinder with the piston ring compressor. The
front marks must be facing the front of the engine.
Match the numbered caps with the numbers on the
connecting rods. Align the punched marks on the
connecting rods and caps.
Apply engine oil to the threads and seating faces of
the nuts.
Tighten the nuts.
Torque: 54 Nꞏm (5.5 Kgꞏm/40 lb ft)
After tightening the cap nuts, check to see that the
crankshaft rotates smoothly.
NOTE: Do not apply engine oil to the bearing back faces.
015RS020
5. Install oil gallery (7) and tighten the bolts in 2 steps, in
the order shown.
1st step: 29 Nꞏm (3.0 Kgꞏm/22 lb ft)
2nd step: 55
65
051RS009
6. Cylinder block side bolts (6)
Tighten all the bolts to the specified torque in the
order shown.
NOTE: Do not apply engine oil to the crank case side
bolts.
Torque: 39 Nꞏm (4.0 Kgꞏm/29 lb ft)

6A–80
ENGINE MECHANICAL
015RS026
Positioning mark (1) is painted as shown in the
illustration.
Marked T : No.1 Compression ring
Marked T2 : No.2 Compression ring
015RS027
2. Measure the clearance between the piston ring
groove and the piston ring with a feeler gauge. If the
piston ring groove / piston ring clearance exceeds the
specified limit, the piston must be replaced.
Compression Ring Clearance
Standard : 0.016 mm–0.038 mm
(0.0006 in.–0.0015 in)
Limit : 0.15mm (0.0059 in)
015RS028
Piston Pin (9)
NOTE: Do not reuse the old piston pin.
1. Use a micrometer to measure the new piston pin
outside diameter in both directions at three different
positions.
2. Measure the inside diameter of the connecting rod
small end. If the fitting interference between the small
end and pin does not conform to the specified value,
the connecting rod must be replaced.
Standard : 0.023 mm–0.038 mm (0.0009
in–0.0015 in)
015RS029
3. Insert the new pin into the piston and rotate it. If the
pin rotates smoothly with no backlash, the clearance
is normal. If there is backlash or roughness, measure
the clearance. If the clearance exceeds the specified
limit, the piston must be replaced.
Clearance
Standard : 0.010 mm–0.017 mm
(0.0004 in.–0.0007 in)
Limit : 0.040 mm (0.0016 in)

6A–84
ENGINE MECHANICAL
Tighten the connecting rod cap nuts
Torque : 54 Nꞏm (5.5 Kgꞏm/40 lb ft)
NOTE: Do not apply engine oil to the bearing back faces.
6. Oil gallery, refer to “Crankshaft and main bearing” in
this manual.
7. Oil strainer and O-ring.
8. Oil pipe and O-ring.
9. Install crankcase with oil pan, refer to “Oil pan and
Crankcase” in this manual.
10. Install cylinder head gasket.
11. Install Cylinder head assembly.
Refer to “Cylinder head” in this manual.