TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 1996 J80 Workshop Manual

P04002
125 mm
EM7639
P03829
EM−96
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(c) Inspect the piston ring end gap.
(1) Insert the piston ring into the cylinder bore.
(2) Using a piston, push the piston ring a little beyondthe bottom of the ring travel, 125 mm (4.92 in.) from
the top of the cylinder block.
(3) Using a feeler gauge, measure the end gap.
Standard end gap:
No. 10.300 − 0.520 mm (0.0118 − 0.0205 in.)
No. 20.450 − 0.670 mm (0.0177 − 0.0264 in.)
Oil (Side rail)0.150 − 0.520 mm (0.0059 − 0.0205 in.)
Maximum end gap:
No. 11.12 mm (0.0441 in.)
No. 21.17 mm (0.0461 in.)
Oil (Side rail)1.12 mm (0.0441 in.)
If the end gap is greater than maximum, replace the piston ring.
If the end gap is greater than maximum, even with a new piston
ring, rebore all the 6 cylinders or replace the cylinder block.
(d) Inspect the piston pin fit.
At 80 − 90°C (176 − 194°F), you should be able to push
the piston pin into the piston pin hole with your thumb.
(e) Using a rod aligner and feeler gauge, check the connect- ing rod alignment.
(1) Check for out−of−alignment.
Maximum out−of−alignment:
0.05 mm (0.0020 in.) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)
If out− of−alignment is greater than maximum, replace the con-
necting rod assembly.
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P03828
P03868
EM0227
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
EM−97
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(2) Check for twist
Maximum twist:
0.15 mm (0.0059 in. ) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)
If twist is greater than maximum, replace the connecting rod as-
sembly.
(f) Inspect the piston pin oil clearance. (1) Using a caliper gauge, measure the inside diameter
of the connecting rod bushing.
Bushing inside diameter:
26.008 − 26.020 mm (1.0239 − 1.0244 in.)
(2) Using a micrometer, measure the piston pin diame-
ter.
Piston pin diameter:
26.000 − 26.012 mm (1.0236 − 1.0241 in.)
(3) Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from
the bushing inside diameter measurement.
Standard oil clearance:
0.004 − 0.012 mm (0.0002 − 0.0005 in.)
Maximum oil clearance: 0.05 mm (0.0020 in.)
If the oil clearance is greater than maximum, replace the bush-
ing. If necessary, replace the piston and piston pin as a set (See
page EM−99 ).
(g) Inspect the connecting rod bolts. Install the cap nut to the connecting rod bolt. Check that
the cap nut can be turned easily by hand to the end of the
thread.
If the cap nut cannot be turned easily, measure the outside di-
ameter of the connecting rod bolt with vernier calipers. Standard outside diameter:
8.40 − 8.60 mm (0.3307 − 0.3386 in.)
Minimum outside diameter: 8.00 mm (0.3150 in.)
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EM−98
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
HINT:
If the location of this area cannot be judged by visual inspection,
measure the outer diameter at the location shown in the illustra-
tion.
If the outside diameter is less than minimum, replace the con-
necting rod bolt and nut as a set.
6. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT
(a) Inspect for circle runout. (1) Place the crankshaft on V−blocks.
(2) Using a dial indicator, measure the circle runout atthe center journal.
Maximum circle runout: 0.06 mm (0.0024 in.)
If the circle runout is greater than maximum, replace the crank-
shaft.
(b) Inspect the main journals and crank pins. (1) Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each
main journal and crank pin.
Main journal diameter:
STD68.982 − 69.000 mm (2.7158 − 2.7165 in.)
U/S 0.2568.745 − 68.755 mm (2.7065 − 2.7069 in.)
Crank pin diameter:
STD56.982 − 57.000 mm (2.2434 − 2.2441 in.)
U/S 0.2556.745 − 56.755 mm (2.2341 − 2.2344 in.)
If the diameter is not as specified, check the oil clearance (See
page EM−83 ). If necessary, grind or replace the crankshaft.
(2) Check each main journal and crank pin for taper and out−of−round as shown.
Maximum taper and out−of−round:
0.02 mm (0.0008 in.)
If the taper and out −of− round is greater than maximum, replace
the crankshaft.
7. IF NECESSARY, GRIND AND HONE MAIN JOURNALS
AND/OR CRANK PINS
Grind and hone the main journals and/or crank pins to the fin-
ished undersized diameter. Install new main journal and/or
crankshaft pin undersized bearings.
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EM1EI−02
P03827
P03867
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
EM−99
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
REPLACEMENT
1. REPLACE CONNECTING ROD BUSHING
(a) Using SST and a press, press out the bushing.
SST 09950 −60010 (09951 −00280), 09950 −70010
(09951 −07100)
(b) Align the oil holes of a new bushing and the connecting rod.
(c) Using SST and a press, press in the bushing. SST 09950 −60010 (09951 −00280), 09950 −70010
(09951 −07100)
(d) Using a pin hole grinder, hone the bushing to obtain the standard specified cliarance (See page EM−92) between
the bushing and piston pin.
(e) Check the piston pin fit at normal room temperature. Coat
the piston pin with engine oil, and push it into the connect-
ing rod with your thumb.
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P04907
P08469
SST
EM−100
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
2. REPLACE OVERSIZED (O/S) PISTONS FOR CYLIN-
DER BORING
HINT:
Bore all the 6 cylinders for the O/S piston outside diame-
ter.
Replace all the piston rings with ones to match the O/S
pistons.
(a) Keep 6 new O/S pistons. O/S piston diameter:
O/S 0.50100.450 − 100.480 mm (3.9547 − 3.9559 in.)
O/S 1.00100.950 − 100.980 mm (3.9744 − 3.9756 in.)
(b) Using a micrometer, measure the piston diameter at right
angles to the piston pin center line, 42 mm (1.65 in.) from
the piston head.
(c) Calculate the amount of each cylinder is to be rebored as
follows:
Size to be rebored = P + C − H
P = Piston diameter
C = Piston oil clearance
0.040 − 0.060 mm (0.0016 − 0.0024 in.)
H = Allowance for honing
0.02 mm (0.0008 in.) or less
(d) Bore and hone the cylinders to calculated dimensions. Maximum honing: 0.02 mm (0.0008 in.)
NOTICE:
Excess honing will destroy the finished roundness.
3. REPLACE CRANKSHAFT FRONT OIL SEAL
HINT:
There are 2 methods ((a) and (b)) to replace the oil seal.
(a) If the timing chain cover is removed from the cylinder block:
(1) Using a screwdriver and a hammer, tap out the oilseal.
(2) Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until
its surface is flush with the timing chain cover edge.
SST 09316−60011 (09316 −00011, 09316−00051)
(3) Apply MP grease to the oil seal lip.
NOTICE:
Do not let foreign matter get onto the lip of the oil seal.
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P05005
P08506
SST
P04518
P04970
SST
P08643
Cut Position
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
EM−101
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(b) If the timing chain cover is installed to the cylinder block:
(1) Using a screwdriver, pry out the oil seal.
NOTICE:
Be careful not to damage the crankshaft. Tape the screw-
driver tip.
(2) Apply MP grease to a new oil seal lip.
NOTICE:
Do not let foreign matter get onto the lip of the oil seal.
(3) Using SST and a hammer, tap in the oil seal until its
surface is flush with the timing chain cover edge.
SST 09316−60011 (09316 −00011, 09316−00051)
4. REPLACE CRANKSHAFT REAR OIL SEAL
HINT:
There are 2 methods ((a) and (b)) to replace the oil seal.
(a) If the rear oil seal retainer is removed from the cylinder block:
(1) Using a screwdriver and a hammer, tap out the oil
seal.
(2) Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until
its surface is flush with the rear oil seal edge.
SST 09223−15030, 09950 −70010 (09951−07150)
NOTICE:
Do not let foreign matter get onto the lip of the oil seal.
(b) If the rear oil seal retainer is installed to the cylinder block:
(1) Using a knife, cut off the oil seal lip.
(2) Using a screwdriver, pry out the oil seal.
NOTICE:
Be careful not to damage the crankshaft. Tape the screw-
driver tip.
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P23172
CORRECTWRONG
EM−102
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(3) Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until
its surface is flush with the rear oil seal retainer
edge.
SST 09223−15030, 09950 −70010 (09951−07150)
NOTICE:
Do not let foreign matter get onto the lip of the oil seal. (4) Check that the lip of the oil seal is not bent inward.
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EM1EJ−01
P04409
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
EM−103
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
REASSEMBLY
HINT:
Thoroughly clean all parts to be assembled.
Before installing the parts, apply new engine oil to all sli-
dining and rotating surfaces.
Replace all gaskets, O−rings and oil seals with new parts.
1. ASSEMBLE PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD
(a) Install a new snap ring on one side of the piston pin hole.
(b) Gradually heat the piston to 80 − 90° C (176 − 194°F).
(c) Coat the piston pin with engine oil.
(d) Align the front marks of the piston and connecting rod, and push in the piston pin with your thumb.
(e) Install a new snap ring on the other side of the piston pin hole.
2. INSTALL PISTON RINGS
(a) Install the oil ring expander and 2 side rails by hand.
(b) Using a piston ring expander, install the 2 compression rings with the code mark facing upward.
Code mark:
No. 11R
No. 22R
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EM−104
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
(c) Position the piston rings so that the ring ends are as shown.
NOTICE:
Do not align the ring ends.
3. INSTALL BEARINGS
(a) Align the bearing claw with the groove of the connecting
rod or connecting rod cap.
(b) Install the bearings in the connecting rod and connecting rod cap.
4. INSTALL CYLINDER BLOCK ORIFICE
5. INSTALL OIL NOZZLES AND CHECK VALVES
(a) Align the pin of the oil nozzle with the pin hole of the cylin-
der block.
(b) Install the oil nozzle with the check valve. Install the 6 oil nozzles and check valves.
Torque: 25 N·m (250 kgf·cm, 18 ft·lbf)
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P03813
P05520A16079
−
ENGINE MECHANICAL CYLINDER BLOCK
EM−105
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
6. INSTALL MAIN BEARINGS
(a) Align the bearing claw with the claw groove of the cylinder
block, and push in the 7 upper bearings.
(b) Align the bearing claw with the claw groove of the main bearing cap, and push in the 7 lower bearings.
HINT:
A number is marked on each main bearing cap to indicate the
installation position.
7. INSTALL UPPER THRUST WASHERS
Install the 2 thrust washers under the No.4 journal position of
the cylinder block with the oil grooves facing outward.
8. PLACE CRANKSHAFT ON CYLINDER BLOCK
9. INSTALL MAIN BEARING CAPS AND LOWER THRUST WASHERS
(a) Place the main bearing caps and lower thrust washers on
the cylinder block.
(1) Install the 2 thrust washers on the No.4 bearing cap
with the grooves facing outward.
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