Battery INFINITI QX4 2001 Factory Service Manual

MEL043F
IRemove the cell plug using a suitable tool.
IAdd distilled water up to the MAX level.
SEL709E
SulphationNBSC0003S0201A battery will be completely discharged if it is left unattended
for a long time and the specific gravity will become less than
1.100. This may result in sulphation on the cell plates.
To determine if a battery has been ªsulphatedº, note its volt-
age and current when charging it. As shown in the figure, less
current and higher voltage are observed in the initial stage of
charging sulphated batteries.
A sulphated battery may sometimes be brought back into ser-
vice by means of a long, slow charge, 12 hours or more, fol-
lowed by a battery capacity test.
MEL042FA
SPECIFIC GRAVITY CHECKNBSC0003S031. Read hydrometer and thermometer indications at eye level.
2. Use the chart below to correct your hydrometer reading
according to electrolyte temperature.
Hydrometer Temperature CorrectionNBSC0003S0301
Battery electrolyte temperature ÉC (ÉF) Add to specific gravity reading
71 (160) 0.032
66 (150) 0.028
60 (140) 0.024
54 (130) 0.020
49 (120) 0.016
43 (110) 0.012
38 (100) 0.008
32 (90) 0.004
27 (80) 0
21 (70) þ0.004
16 (60) þ0.008
10 (50) þ0.012
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BATTERY
How to Handle Battery (Cont'd)
SC-5

Battery electrolyte temperature ÉC (ÉF) Add to specific gravity reading
4 (40) þ0.016
þ1 (30) þ0.020
þ7 (20) þ0.024
þ12 (10) þ0.028
þ18 (0) þ0.032
Corrected specific gravity Approximate charge condition
1.260 - 1.280 Fully charged
1.230 - 1.250 3/4 charged
1.200 - 1.220 1/2 charged
1.170 - 1.190 1/4 charged
1.140 - 1.160 Almost discharged
1.110 - 1.130 Completely discharged
CHARGING THE BATTERYNBSC0003S04CAUTION:
IDo not ªquick chargeº a fully discharged battery.
IKeep the battery away from open flame while it is being
charged.
IWhen connecting the charger, connect the leads first, then
turn on the charger. Do not turn on the charger first, as
this may cause a spark.
IIf battery electrolyte temperature rises above 60ÉC (140ÉF),
stop charging. Always charge battery at a temperature
below 60ÉC (140ÉF).
Charging RatesNBSC0003S0401
Amps Time
50 1 hour
25 2 hours
10 5 hours
5 10 hours
Do not charge at more than 50 ampere rate.
NOTE:
The ammeter reading on your battery charger will automatically
decrease as the battery charges. This indicates that the voltage of
the battery is increasing normally as the state of charge improves.
The charging amps indicated above refer to initial charge rate.
IIf, after charging, the specific gravity of any two cells varies
more than .050, the battery should be replaced.
BATTERY
How to Handle Battery (Cont'd)
SC-6

Trouble Diagnoses with
Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester
NBSC0018CAUTION:
When working with batteries, always wear appropriate eye
protection.
NOTE:
ITo ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery,
starter and alternator test segments must be done as a set
from start to finish.
IIf battery surface charge is detected while testing, the tester
will prompt you to turn on the headlights to remove the surface
charge.
IIf necessary, the tester will prompt you to determine if the bat-
tery temperature is above or below 0ÉC (32ÉF). Choose the
appropriate selection by pressing the up or down arrow button,
then press ªENTERº to make the selection.
SEL404X
1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system. Clean or
repair as necessary.
2. Visually inspect the battery, battery terminals and cable ends
with ignition switch in ªOFFº position.
NOTE:
The contact surface between the battery terminals, cable ends and
tester leads must be clean for a valid test. A poor connection will
prevent testing and a ªCHECK CONNECTIONº message will
appear during the test procedures. If this occurs, clean the battery
post and terminals, reconnect them and restart the test.
3. Connect the red tester lead clamp to the positive battery
terminal, and the black to the negative terminal.
SEL405X
4. The tester will turn on automatically. Using the arrow keys,
select ªIN VEHICLEº on the tester and then press the ªENTERº
key.
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Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester
SC-7

SEL406X
5. Locate the battery type and rating stamped or written on the
top case of the battery to be tested.
NOTE:
The battery type and rating will have either of the following.
CCA: Cold Cranking Amps (490 CCA, 550 CCA, etc.)
JIS: Japanese Industrial Standard.
Battery is stamped with a number such as:
80D26L: 80 (rank of output), D (physical size-depth), 26 (width
in cm). The last character L (post configuration) is not input into
the tester.
The tester requires the rating for the battery be entered exactly
as it is written or stamped on the battery. Do not attempt a CCA
conversion for JIS stamped batteries. JIS must be input
directly.
6. Using the arrow and ªENTERº keys alternately, select the bat-
tery type and rating.
NOTE:
The tester lists five choices; CCA, JIS, IEC, DIN, and EN. Only use
CCA or JIS.
SEL407X
7. Press ªENTERº to begin the test. Diagnosis results are dis-
played on the tester. Refer to ªDIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM
CHARTº SC-9.
SEL576X
8. Press ªENTERº, then test output code is displayed. Record the
test output code on the repair order.
9. Toggle back to the ªDIAGNOSTIC SCREENº for test results.
NOTE:
IIf necessary, the tester will ask the user to determine if the
battery has just been charged. Choose the appropriate selec-
tion by pressing the up or down arrow button and then press
the ªENTERº button to make the selection.
IWhen testing a battery installed in a vehicle that has recently
been driven, select ªBEFORE CHANGEº.
IIf the battery has just been slow charged due to a ªCHARGE
& RETESTº decision by the tester, and the tester asks the user
ªBEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGEº, select ªAFTER
CHARGEº.
BATTERY
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont'd)
SC-8

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHARTNBSC0018S01
Diagnostic item Service procedure
GOOD BATTERY Battery is OK, go to ªTrouble Diagnosesº, ªSTARTING SYSTEMº. Refer to SC-12.
REPLACE BATTERYReplace battery.
Before replacing battery, clean the battery cable clamps and battery posts. Perform bat-
tery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. If second test result is
ªReplace Batteryº, then do so. Perform battery test again to confirm repair.
BAD CELL-REPLACEReplace the battery. Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system
tester to confirm repair.
GOOD-RECHARGEPerform the slow battery charging procedure. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.)
Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester.
CHARGE & RETESTPerform the slow battery charging. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.)
Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester to confirm repair.
NOTE:
If the tester asks the user ªBEFORE CHARGE/AFTER CHARGEº, select ªAFTER
CHARGEº.GI
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BATTERY
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont'd)
SC-9

System DescriptionNBSC0004Power is supplied at all times
Ito ignition switch terminal 1
Ithrough 40A fusible link (lettere, located in the fuse and fusible link box).
With the ignition switch in the ON or START position, power is supplied through 10A fuse [No. 18, located in
the fuse block (J/B)].
Ito park/neutral position relay terminal 1.
Also, with the ignition switch in the START position, power is supplied
Ifrom ignition switch terminal 5
Ito park/neutral position relay terminal 6.
With the selector lever in the P or N position, ground is supplied
Ito park/neutral position relay terminal 2 through the park/neutral position switch.
Then park/neutral position relay is energized and power is supplied
Ifrom park/neutral position relay terminal 7
Ito terminal 2 of the starter motor windings.
The starter motor plunger closes and provides a closed circuit between the battery and starter motor. The
starter motor is grounded to the engine block. With power and ground supplied, cranking occurs and the engine
starts.
STARTING SYSTEM
System Description
SC-10

Trouble Diagnoses with
Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester
NBSC0019NOTE:
To ensure a complete and thorough diagnosis, the battery, starter
and alternator test segments must be done as a set from start to
finish.
SEL408X
1. Turn off all loads on the vehicle electrical system.
2. Perform battery test with Battery/Starting/Charging system
tester. Refer to SC-7.
3. Press ªENTERº to begin the starting system test.
SEL409X
4. Start the engine.
SEL410X
5. Diagnosis result is displayed on the tester. Refer to ªDIAG-
NOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHARTº, SC-13.
NOTE:
IIf the starter performs normally but the engine does not start,
perform engine diagnosis.
IFor intermittent ªNO CRANKº or ªNO STARTER OPERATIONº
incidents, go to DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 2.
STARTING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester
SC-12

DIAGNOSTIC RESULT ITEM CHARTNBSC0019S01
Diagnostic item Service procedure
CRANKING VOLTAGE NORMAL Go to ªWORK FLOWº, SC-14.
CRANKING VOLTAGE LOW Go to ªWORK FLOWº, SC-14.
CHARGE BATTERYPerform the slow battery charging procedure. (Initial rate of charge is 10A for 12 hours.)
Perform battery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. Refer to SC-7.
REPLACE BATTERYBefore replacing battery, clean the battery cable clamps and battery posts. Perform bat-
tery test again with Battery/Starting/Charging system tester. Refer to SC-7. If second test
result is ªREPLACE BATTERYº, then do so. Perform battery test again to confirm repair.GI
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STARTING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont'd)
SC-13

WORK FLOWNBSC0019S02
SEL411X
*1 SC-7
*2 SC-17*3 SC-15 *4 SC-17
STARTING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont'd)
SC-14

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE 1NBSC0019S03Check ªBº Terminal CircuitNBSC0019S0301
1 CHECK POWER SUPPLY FOR STARTER MOTOR ªBº TERMINAL
1. Remove the fuel pump fuse.
2. Crank or start the engine (where possible) until the fuel pressure is released.
3. Turn the ignition OFF.
4. Check that the starter motor terminal 1 connection is clean and tight.
5. Check voltage between starter motor terminal 1 and ground using a digital circuit tester.
SEL412X
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 2.
NG©Check harness between the battery and the starter motor for open circuit.
2 CHECK BATTERY CABLE CONNECTION QUALITY (VOLTAGE DROP TEST)
1. Check voltage between starter motor terminal 1 and battery positive terminal using a digital circuit tester.
SEL413X
OK or NG
OK©GO TO 3.
NG©Check harness between the battery and the starter motor for poor continuity.
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STARTING SYSTEM
Trouble Diagnoses with Battery/Starting/Charging System Tester (Cont'd)
SC-15