belt LAND ROVER FRELANDER 2 2006 Repair Manual

Publi s hed: 11-May-2011
Safety Belt System - Front Safety Belt Buckle
Removal and Inst all ati on
Removal
• NOTE: Removal s t eps in t his procedure may cont ain i nst all ati on det ail s.
Di sconnect t he bat t ery ground cable.
Refer t o: Specificati ons (414-00 Bat tery and Charging Sys tem -General Informat ion, Specificati ons).
1.
Make t he SRS s ys t em s afe.
Refer t o: Supplement al Res t raint Sys tem (SRS) Depowering andRepowering (501-20, General Procedures ).
2.
Remove t he front seat .
Refer t o: Front Seat (501-10 Seati ng, Removal and Ins tal lati on).
3.
4.

Publi s hed: 11-May-2011
Safety Belt System - Rear Safety Belt Buckle
Removal and Inst all ati on
Removal
• NOTE: Removal s t eps in t his procedure may cont ain i nst all ati on det ail s. T orque:
55 Nm 1.
Installation To i nst all , revers e t he removal procedure.
1.

Publi s hed: 11-May-2011
Supplemental Restraint System - Air Bag and Safety Belt Pretensioner
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)
Des cript ion and Operat ion
COMPONENT LOCATION SHEET 1 OF 2
ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Pas s enger air bag
2-Adapt ive s teering column3-Clocks pri ng
4-Dri ver air bag
5-Dri ver l ower ai r bag6-Res t raint s Control Modul e (RCM)
7-Pas s enger air bag deacti vat ion s wi tch
COMPONENT LOCATION SHEET 2 OF 2

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Si de air bag2-Si de air curt ain
3-Driver s eat pos it ion sens or
4-Si de impact s ens or – C-pil lar5-Si de impact s ens or - C-pi ll ar
6-Si de air bag
7-Si de air curt ain8-Si de impact s ens or - B-pi ll ar
9-Safety belt pretens ioners
10-Impact s ens or - front11-Impact s ens or - front
12-Si de impact s ens or - B-pi ll ar
OVERVIEW
W ARNING: All pyrotechnic devices are dangerous. Before performing any procedures on any pyrot echnic device, readall i nformat ion contai ned wit hin t he Standard W orks hop Practi ces s ecti on of thi s manual .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Standard W orks hop Practi ces (100-00 General Informat ion, Descripti on and Operat ion).(100-00, Des cript ion and O perati on).
The cont inued devel opment of t he Suppl emental Rest rai nt Sys t em (SRS) provi des an improved overal l level of cras hprot ect ion for vehi cl e occupant s . The s ys t em analyzes the occupancy s cenari o and cras h s everit y before act ivat ing t heappropri at e s afet y devi ces to bet ter prot ect a range of occupants i n a variety of cras h si tuat ions. Benefi ts of t he s yst eminclude:

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Drivers s afet y belt pret ensi oner2-Pas senger safety belt pretens ioner
3-Inst rument clus ter
4-Engine Control Modul e (ECM)5-Belt -minder sens or – market s peci fi c
6-Safet y belt t ens i on sens or – market s peci fi c
7-Batt ery8-Occupancy s ens or
9-Occupancy s ens or module
10-Central Junct ion Box (CJB)11-Res traints Cont rol Module (RCM)

12-Seat pos i ti on sens or
13-Pas senger ai r bag deact ivati on s wit ch
14-Driver safety belt buckle s wi tch15-Pas senger safety belt buckle s wi tch
16-Impact s ens or - l eft -hand front
17-Impact s ens or - right -hand front18-Side impact sens or - left -hand B-pil lar
19-Side impact sens or - ri ght -hand B-pill ar
20-Side impact sens or - left -hand C-pil lar21-Side impact sens or - ri ght -hand C-pill ar
22-Driver lower air bag
23-Adapti ve st eeri ng col umn24-Side ai r bag – l eft-hand
25-Side ai r bag – right-hand
26-Clockspring27-Pas senger ai r bag
28-Driver ai r bag
29-Curt ain ai r bag – l eft-hand30-Curt ain ai r bag – right-hand
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
Crash Sensing
Impact s ensor
The impact s ens ors are i nst all ed in the front and both si des of the vehicle. W hen the i gni ti on is swi tched on t he Res trai ntsControl Module (RCM), s uppli es power to t he i mpact s ensors which perform a s elf t es t. After s ati sfact ory sel f tes t theimpact s ens ors cont inually out put 'digi tal accelerat ion' mes s ages t o t he res t raint s cont rol module. The us e of mult ipl eimpact s ens ors provide s hort er ai r bag trigger ti mes t hrough fas t er det ect ion of l ateral and l ongit udinal accelerat ion andals o i mproves detecti on accuracy.
Each impact sens or incorporat es an acceleromet er and a mi crochi p powered by a feed from the res traints cont rol module.Accelerati on is evaluat ed by the microchip and t rans mi tt ed t o the res traints cont rol module, which t hen makes the decis ionon whether or not to act ivate the ai r bags and pretens ioners .
If a fault is detect ed the relevant impact sens or sends a fault mes s age, i ns t ead of the di gi tal accel erati on mes s age, t ot he res traint s cont rol module. The RCM t hen s tores a rel ated fault code and il luminat es the ai r bag warning indicator.Faul ts can be ret rieved by t he Land Rover approved diagnos t ic s ys tem from t he RCM via t he high-s peed CAN.
Occupant Monitoring
There are t wo t ypes of occupant monit oring s ys tems fi tt ed to vehi cl es:
1. NAS market s , have an O ccupant Classification Sensing System.1.
2. Markets except NAS and Aust ral ia, have an Occupant Detection Sensing System.2.
1. Occupant Classification Sensing System

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Safet y bel t t ens ion sens or2-Occupancy sens or
3-Occupancy sens or modul e
In NAS market s where safety bel t us e is i nfrequent, addit ional technol ogy i s us ed to cl ass i fy t he occupant of the frontpass enger s eat. The occupant clas si fi cat ion s ens ing s yst em provides s eat l oad dat a to t he Res trai nts Cont rol Module(RCM).
The occupant cl as s ificati on s ys t em consi s ts of:
A press ure pad, i ns t alled under t he cus hion of t he front pas s enger s eat, whi ch is connected to a pres s ure s ensor.A s afet y belt t ensi on s ens or, i ntegrat ed int o t he anchor point of the front pas senger safety bel t.An occupant cl ass i fi cat ion module, i ns t alled under t he front pas s enger s eat .
The pres s ure pad i s a s il icone fi ll ed bladder. Any load on the pres s ure pad is det ect ed by the pres sure s ens or. The s afet ybelt t ens i on sens or is a st rai n gauge which meas ures t he load appli ed by t he safety bel t anchor to the anchor bolt . Thes ens or is locat ed i n the lower s afety bel t anchor poi nt.
The occupancy s ens or responds t o weight changes on t he pass enger seat and provides an appropriate s ignal t o t heoccupancy s ens or modul e. In addit ion, the bel t tens ion s ens or provi des a s eparate i nput t o t he occupancy sens or modul e.The module proces s es the i nput s i gnal s received from the s ensors and forwards an appropriat e s ignal t o t he RCM on thehigh-s peed CAN.
The RCM moni tors and process es t he data from t hes e and s everal other s ens ors , before making an ai r bag depl oymentdeci si on. The sys tem is des igned t o t ake account of s everal variables i n addit ion t o weight , including: incli nat ion of t hevehi cl e and exact pos it ion and s t ructure of the wei ght on the seat .
This prot ects agains t inadvert ent ai r bag deployment , for exampl e, if t he s eat were occupied by an infant i n a boos ter

s eat , or an unres trained but very l ightwei ght adult , in bot h t hes e cas es the ai r bag would be di sabl ed. The occupantclas si fi cat ion s ens ing s yst em forms part of a s t rat egy t o control pas s enger air bag deployment depending on theoccupancy s cenario.
The occupant cl as s ificati on s ys t em has four pos s ible st ates :
Seat Empty: t he pass enger ai r bag, pas senger-s ide air bag and pas s enger s afety bel t buckle and pretens ioneroperati on is di s abl ed; t he pas senger air bag deact ivati on indicator i s not il luminated.Occupied Inhibit: when the seat is occupied by a smal l pers on, t he pass enger ai r bag, pas senger-s ide air bag andpass enger s afet y belt buckl e and pret ensi oner operat ion i s dis abled; the pas s enger air bag deact ivat ion i ndi cat or isil lumi nat ed.Occupied Allow: when t he s eat i s occupied by a large pers on; t he pas senger ai r bag and pass enger-s ide air bagoperati on is enabled, t he pas s enger ai r bag deacti vat ion i ndicat or is not i ll uminated. Pass enger s afet y belt andpret ens i oner operati on s tat us depends on t he s afet y bel t buckle s tat us :- acti ve for buckled,- inacti ve for unbuckled.Error: if a sys tem faul t is det ect ed; t he pas senger ai r bag is enabled t o deploy at 'st age-1' onl y, refer t o Air BagDual St age Inflat ors below. Pas senger-s ide air bag operat ion i s als o enabled; t he pas s enger air bag deacti vat ionindicat or i s not il lumi nat ed. Pas s enger s afety bel t and pret ens ioner operati on s tat us depends on t he s afety bel tbuckle s tat us :- acti ve for buckled,- inacti ve for unbuckled.
Occupancy Sensor Mod ule
The occupancy s ens or modul e is ins tall ed on t he undersi de of the front pas s enger s eat . The module s upplies a power feedt o the occupancy s ens or and monit ors the return vol tage t o det ermi ne if t he s eat i s occupied or not . The res ult ist ransmit ted t o t he RCM on the hi gh-s peed CAN. The occupancy s ens or module al so monitors for s hort and open circui ts int he occupancy s ensor. If i t det ect s a fault , the occupancy s ens or module t rans mi ts a fault mess age t o t he RCM.
Safety Belt Tension Sensor
The s afety bel t tens ion s ens or i s a s t rai n-gauge type, encapsul at ed wi thi n the pas s enger s afet y belt anchor. The sens orconvert s t he force appl ied t o t he s afety bel t int o an elect rical s ignal. In the event t hat a chi ld-s eat is ins tall ed onto thefront pas s enger s eat, t he force appl ied t o t he pass enger s afet y belt i s reflected by the out put s i gnal from the s ensor,which provi des dat a t o s uppl ement that received from the occupancy s ens or. The occupancy sens or modul e proces ses t heinput data and makes i t avai lable to the rest rai nts control modul e, whi ch then makes t he neces s ary adjus t ments i nres pect of pas senger air bag deployment .
2. Occupant Detection Sensing System
The belt -mi nder s ens or and a safety bel t buckle s wi tch are us ed to warn t he dri ver if the front pas s enger s eat i s occupiedwit hout the s afet y belt being engaged.
Belt Minder Sensor
The occupancy s ens or i s ins t al led i n t he cus hion of t he front pass enger s eat between t he foam paddi ng and the cover. Thes ens or cons is t s of a foil cont act circui t, embedded in a plas t ic s heet . W ei ght on the s ensor reduces t he res is t ance of t hecircuit .
The s afety bel t buckle swit ch provi des an output s ignal in respons e t o the ins ert ion of t he safety bel t tongue int o t hebuckle. The out put s ignal from t he s wit ch is used by the RCM to det ermi ne whether t he front seat occupants are correct lyres t rained. The s wit ch si gnal i s us ed in conjuncti on wit h t he belt mi nder s ensor t o ens ure t hat ai r bag and s afety bel tdepl oyment onl y occurs when the s eat is occupi ed.
Driver Position Sensing System
Seat Position Sensor

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Seat pos it ion sens or2-Target bracket
The s eat pos it ion s ens or, a ’Hal l effect ’ type, is fit ted t o t he unders ide of t he dri ver’s s eat. The s ensor i s act uated by thet arget bracket at tached to the s eat s lide. The dis t urbance caus ed when the target bracket pas s es t he sens or creates anoutput s ignal for the RCM. On receipt of t hi s s ignal, which i ndicat es when t he s eat i s forward of a defined poi nt i n i tst ravel , the RCM dis ables t he s econd s t age out put of t he dri ver ai r bag; refer t o air bags s ect ion.
Control and Processing
Restraints Control Module
Int ernall y, the Res traint s Cont rol Module (RCM) has t wo areas t hat det ermi ne which el ement s of t he res traint s yst em aret o be deployed:
Area 1 - Cras h s everit y evaluati on:
The fi rs t area eval uat es cras h s everit y by us ing data from t he module's internal accel eromet er, t he front cras h sens or andt he safety-bel t buckle sens or. Bas ed on thi s data, t he RCM decides which l evel of air bag deployment is requi red andforwards t he informat ion t o t he s econd area, t he deployment handler.
Area 2 - Deployment handler:
The s tat us of the s eat posi ti on s ens or, occupant clas si fi cat ion s ens ing s yst em and safet y-belt buckle s ens ors areexamined before a decis ion i s made about which res t raint s s houl d finally be depl oyed. For ins tance, i f the occupantclas si fi cat ion s ens ing s yst em indicates t hat the pas senger s eat i s empty, t hen no res t raint deployment wil l take place ont he pas s enger s ide, even if full depl oyment t akes pl ace for t he dri ver.

An energy reserve in the RCM ens ures there is al ways a mini mum of 150 mill is econds of s tored energy avai lable if t hepower supply from t he ignit ion s wi tch i s dis rupt ed during a cras h. The st ored energy i s s ufficient t o produce fi ri ng si gnal sfor t he dri ver ai r bag, t he pass enger ai r bag and the s afet y belt pret ensi oners .
W hen t he i gni ti on is s wi tched on t he RCM performs cycli cal monit ori ng of the sys tem. If a fault is det ect ed t he RCM s t oresa related fault code and s ends t he s ignal to il luminat e t he air bag warni ng indicator. The fault s can be retrieved by theLand Rover approved diagnos t ic s ys tem. If a faul t that coul d cause a fal se fi re si gnal i s det ected, the RCM dis ables t heres pect ive firing ci rcuit , and keeps it di s abl ed during a cras h event .
Air Bags
Hybrid Inflator Technology
All air bags feat ure hybrid i nflat ors , rat her than t he previous ly us ed s olid pyrotechni c gas generators which us e anexpl osi on t o generate t he air bag charge di rectl y. Hybrid i nflat ors us e a sel f-cont ained pyrotechnic device t o heat a cyl inderof compress ed i nert gas wit hin the i nfl at or. Above a cali brated press ure, t his cyli nder burs t s and t he gas is released intot he fabri c bag.
The benefit s of hybrid infl ators are cooler gas, hence lower bag s urface t emperat ures , and the el imi nat ion ofpost -deployment effluent ass ociat ed wit h s oli d pyrotechnic generators.
Dual Stage Inflators
Both the driver air bag and pass enger ai r bag feature dual-st age inflat ors . Each ai r bag empl oys two separat e i nflat ors ,fi tt ed wi th independent squibs connect ed t o the ai r bag. This allows ai r bag s ize, press ure and rat e of ri s e in pres sure t obe opti mized t o s uit t he vehicle's s t ructural characteris ti cs as well as t he s everity of the act ual i mpact .
The res t raint control modul e (RCM) moni tors t he s everi ty of the coll is ion, s afety bel t tens ion and proxi mit y of t he dri ver'ss eat t o t he s teering wheel in order t o det ermi ne the ai r bag depl oyment s t rat egy:
At rel ati vel y low speeds, or when s mal ler occupant s are s eat ed clos e t o t he st eeri ng wheel only the 'st age 1'inflat or deploys ; thi s inflates t he air bag t o about 70% of i ts capaci ty.At higher speed i mpact s both 's tage 1' and aft er a pre-s et interval , 's tage 2' inflat or deploys t o achi eve maximumair bag volume, unles s t he dri ver i s dangerous ly cl os e to t he s t eering wheel.
Driver Air Bag
The dri ver ai r bag has a two s tage i nflat or, wi th s eparat e electrical connect ors for each s t age. Lines mol ded int o t he inners urface of t he dri ver ai r-bag cover, provi de weak poi nts t hat s pl it open i n a control led manner when t he dri ver air bagdepl oys .
Passenger Air Bag
ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Stage one – 70% air bag volume
2-Stage t wo – full ai r bag vol umeThe t op of the pas senger air bag is att ached t o a re-enforcement l id in t he ins t rument panel . The reinforcement lidincorporat es a s ingle door t hat opens , spl it ti ng the ins trument panel coveri ng, when the ai r bag deploys . The air bag has at wo s tage i nflat or, wi th separat e electrical connect ors for each st age.
Passenger Air Bag Disable Switch