SUBARU FORESTER 2004 Service Repair Manual

SC(H4SO)-16
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Generator
C: DISASSEMBLY
1) Remove the four through-bolts.
2) Heat the portion (A) of rear cover to 50°C
(122°F) with heater drier.
3) Then insert the tip of a flat tip screwdriver into the
gap between stator core and front cover. Pry them
apart to disassemble.
4) Hold the rotor with a vise and remove pulley nut.CAUTION:
When holding the rotor with vise, insert alumi-
num plates or wood pieces on the contact sur-
faces of vise to prevent rotor from damage.
5) Remove the ball bearing as follows.
(1) Remove the bolt, and then remove the bear-
ing retainer.
(2) Firmly install an appropriate tool (such as a
fit socket wrench) to bearing inner race.
(3) Push the ball bearing off the front cover us-
ing a press.
(A) Screwdriver
SC-00078
SC-00079
(A)
SC-00080
(A)
(A)
SC-00035
(A) Front cover
(B) Pulley
(C) Nut
(D) Rotor
(C)(B)(A)
(D)
SC-00036
SC-00081
SC-00082

SC(H4SO)-17
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Generator
6) Remove the bearing from rotor using a bearing
puller.
7) Unsolder connection between rectifier and stator
coil to remove the stator coil.
CAUTION:
Do not allow the 180 — 270 W soldering bit to
contact the terminals for more than 5 seconds
at a time because the rectifier cannot withstand
heat very well.
8) Remove the IC regulator as follows.
(1) Remove the screws which secure IC regula-
tor to rear cover.(2) Unsolder the connection between IC regula-
tor and rectifier to remove the IC regulator.
9) Remove the brush as follows.
(1) Remove cover A.
(2) Remove the cover B.
(3) Separate the brush from connection to re-
move.
SC-00046
SC-00083
SC-00084
(A) Cover A
(A) Cover B
SC-00085
SC-00086
(A)
SC-00087
(A)
SC-00088

SC(H4SO)-18
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Generator
10) Remove the rectifier as follows.
(1) Remove the bolts which secure the rectifier.
(2) Remove the cover of terminal B.
(3) Remove the nut of terminal B, and then re-
move the rectifier.D: ASSEMBLY
To assemble, reverse order of disassembly.
1) Pulling up brush
Before assembling, press the brush down into
brush holder, and then fix them in that position by
passing a [1 mm (0.08 in) dia. length 4 to 5 cm (1.6
to 2.0 in)] wire through the hole shown in the figure.
CAUTION:
Be sure to remove the wire after reassembly.
2) Install the ball bearing.
(1) Set the ball bearing on the front cover, and
then securely install an appropriate tool (such as
a fit socket wrench) to the bearing outer race.
(2) Press the ball bearing into the specified po-
sition using a press.
(3) Install the bearing retainer.
3) Press the bearing (rear side) into the rotor shaft
using a press to install.
4) Heat the bearing box in rear cover [50 to 60°C
(122 to 140°F)], and then press the rear bearing
into rear cover.
CAUTION:
Grease should not be applied to rear bearing.
Remove the oil completely if it is found on bear-
ing box.
5) After reassembly, turn the pulley by hand to
check that rotor turns smoothly.
SC-00089
SC-00090
SC-00091
(A) Wire
SC-00092
(A)

SC(H4SO)-19
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Generator
E: INSPECTION
1. DIODE
CAUTION:
Never use a mega tester (measuring use for
high voltage) or any other similar measure for
this test; otherwise, the diodes may be dam-
aged.
1) Checking positive diode
Check for continuity between the diode lead and
positive side heat sink. The positive diode is in
good condition if resistance is 1 Ω or less only in the
direction from the diode lead to heat sink.
2) Checking negative diode
Check for continuity between the negative side
heat sink and diode lead. The negative diode is in
good condition if resistance is 1 Ω or less only in the
direction from the heat sink to diode lead.
2. ROTOR
1) Slip ring surface
Inspect the slip rings for contamination or any
roughness of the sliding surface. Repair the slip
ring surface using a lathe or sand paper.
2) Slip ring outer diameter
Measure the slip ring outer diameter. If the slip ring
is worn replace rotor assembly.
Slip ring outer diameter:
Standard
22.7 mm (0.894 in)
Limit
22.1 mm (0.870 in)
3) Continuity test
Check the resistance between slip rings using cir-
cuit tester.
If the resistance is not within specification, replace
the rotor assembly.
Specified resistance:
Approx. 1.8 — 2.2
Ω
4) Insulation test
Check the continuity between slip ring and rotor
core or shaft. If resistance is 1 Ω or less, the rotor
coil is grounded, and so replace the rotor assem-
bly.
5) Ball bearing (rear side)
Check the rear ball bearing. Replace if it is noisy or
if the rotor does not turn smoothly.
(A) Diode lead
(B) Heat sink (Positive side)
(A) Diode lead
(B) Heat sink (Negative side)
(A)
(B)
SC-00042
(B) (A)
SC-00043
SC-00044
SC-00045

SC(H4SO)-20
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Generator
3. STARTOR
1) Continuity test
Inspect the stator coil for continuity between each
end of the lead wires. If resistance is 1 M Ω or
more, the lead wire is broken, and so replace the
stator assembly.
2) Insulation test
Inspect the stator coil for continuity between stator
core and each end of lead wire. If resistance is 1 Ω
or less, the stator coil is grounded, and so replace
the stator assembly.
4. BRUSH
1) Measure the length of each brush. If wear ex-
ceeds the service limit, replace the brush. Each
brush has the service limit mark (A) on it.
Brush length:
Service limit (1)
5.0 mm (0.197 in)
Standard (2)
18.5 mm (0.728 in)
2) Checking brush spring for proper pressure
Using a spring pressure indicator, push the brush
into the brush holder until its tip protrudes 2 mm
(0.08 in). Then measure the pressure of brush
spring. If the pressure is less than 2.2 N (224 g,
7.91 oz), replace the brush spring with a new one.
The new spring must have a pressure of 4.8 to 6.0
N (489 to 612 g, 17.26 to 21.60 oz).
5. BEARING (FRONT SIDE)
Check the front ball bearing. If the resistance is felt
while rotating, or if abnormal noise is heard, re-
place the ball bearing.
(A) Stator
(A)
SC-00047
SC-00048
SC-00162
(A)
(1)
(2)
SC-00093

SC(H4SO)-21
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Battery
4. Battery
A: REMOVAL
1) Disconnect the positive (+) cable after discon-
necting the ground (−) cable of battery.
2) Remove the flange nuts from battery rods, and
then take off the battery holder.
3) Remove the battery.
B: INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.
Tightening torque:
3.4 N
⋅m (0.35 kgf-m, 2.5 ft-lb)
NOTE:
 Clean the battery cable terminals, and then apply
grease to retard formation of corrosion.
 Connect the positive (+) cable of battery and then
the ground (−) cable of battery.
C: INSPECTION
WARNING:
 Electrolyte has toxicity; be careful handling
the fluid.
 Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Es-
pecially at contact with eyes, blush with water
for 15 minutes and get prompt medical atten-
tion.
 Batteries produce explosive gasses. Keep
sparks, flame, cigarettes away.
 Ventilate when charging or using in enclosed
space.
 For safety, in case an explosion does occur,
wear eye protection or shield your eyes when
working near any battery. Never lean over a bat-
tery.
 Do not let the battery fluid contact eyes, skin,
fabrics, or paint-work because battery fluid is
corrosive acid.
 To lessen the risk of sparks, remove rings,
metal watch-bands, and other metal jewelry.
Never allow metal tools to contact the positive
battery terminal and anything connected to it
while you are at the same time in contact with
any other metallic portion of the vehicle be-
cause a short circuit will be caused.
1. EXTERNAL PARTS:
Check for the existence of dirt or cracks on battery
case, top cover, vent plugs, and terminal posts. If
necessary, clean with water and wipe with a dry
cloth.
Apply a thin coat of grease on the terminal posts to
prevent corrosion.
2. ELECTROLYTE LEVEL:
Check the electrolyte level in each cell. If the level
is below MIN LEVEL, bring the level to MAX LEVEL
by pouring distilled water into the battery cell. Do
not fill beyond MAX LEVEL.
3. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF ELECTROLYTE:
1) Measure the specific gravity of electrolyte using
a hydrometer and a thermometer.
Specific gravity varies with temperature of electro-
lyte so that it must be corrected at 20°C (68°F) us-
ing the following equation:
S
20 = St+0.0007×(t−20)
S
20: Specific gravity corrected at electrolyte
temperature of 20
°C
St: Measured specific gravity
t: Measured temperature (
°C)
Determine whether or not battery must be
charged, according to corrected specific
gravity.
Standard specific gravity: 1.220 — 1.290 [at
20
°C (68°F)]
2) Measuring the specific gravity of the electrolyte
in battery will disclose the state of charge of bat-
tery. The relation between specific gravity and state
of charge is as shown in the figure.
SC-00053
(1) Specific gravity
(2) Complete charge
(3) Charging condition
(4) Specific gravity and state of charge
1.28
1.26
1.24
1.22
1.20
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.12
100%
(%)75% 50% 22% 0%
SC-00094
[20 C (68 F)](1)
(2) (3)
(4)

SC(H4SO)-22
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM
Battery
D: MEASUREMENT
WARNING:
 Do not bring an open flame close to the bat-
tery at this time.
CAUTION:
 Prior to charging, corroded terminals should
be cleaned with a brush and common baking
soda solution.
 Be careful since the battery electrolyte over-
flows while charging the battery.
 Observe the instructions when handling bat-
tery charger.
 Before charging the battery on vehicle, dis-
connect battery ground terminal. Failure to fol-
low this rule may damage alternator’s diodes or
other electrical units.
1. JUDGMENT OF BATTERY IN CHARGED
CONDITION
1) Specific gravity of electrolyte is held at a specific
value in a range from 1.250 to 1.290 for more than
one hour.
2) Voltage per battery cell is held at a specific value
in a range from 2.5 to 2.8 volts for more than one
hour.
2. CHECK HYDROMETER FOR STATE OF
CHARGE
3. NORMAL CHARGING
Charge the battery at current value specified by
manufacturer or at approx. 1/10 of battery’s am-
pere-hour rating.
4. QUICK CHARGING
Quick charging is a method in which the battery is
charged in a short period of time with a relatively
large current by using a quick charger.
Since a large current flow raises electrolyte temper-
ature, the battery is subject to damage if large cur-
rent is used for prolonged time. For this reason, the
quick charging must be carried out within a current
range that will not increase the electrolyte temper-
ature above 40°C (104°F).
It should be also remembered that the quick charg-
ing is a temporary means to bring battery voltage
up to a fair value and, as a rule, a battery should be
charged slowly with a low current.CAUTION:
 Observe the items in 3. NORMAL CHARGING.
 Never use more than 10 amperes when
charging the battery because that will shorten
battery life.
Hydrometer
indicatorState of charge Required action
Green dot Above 65% Load test
Dark dot Below 65% Charge battery
Clear dot Low electrolyteReplace battery*
(If cranking complaint)
*: Check electrical system before replacement.

FUJI HEAVY INDUSTRIES LTD. G8080GE2
2004 FORESTER SERVICE MANUAL QUICK REFERENCE INDEX
ENGINE SECTION 1
This service manual has been prepared
to provide SUBARU service personnel
with the necessary information and data
for the correct maintenance and repair
of SUBARU vehicles.
This manual includes the procedures
for maintenance, disassembling, reas-
sembling, inspection and adjustment of
components and diagnostics for guid-
ance of experienced mechanics.
Please peruse and utilize this manual
fully to ensure complete repair work for
satisfying our customers by keeping
their vehicle in optimum condition.
When replacement of parts during
repair work is needed, be sure to use
SUBARU genuine parts.
All information, illustration and specifi-
cations contained in this manual are
based on the latest product information
available at the time of publication
approval.FUEL INJECTION (FUEL SYSTEM) FU(H4SO)
EMISSION CONTROL
(AUX. EMISSION CONTROL DEVICE)EC(H4SO)
INTAKE (INDUCTION) IN(H4SO)
MECHANICAL ME(H4SO)
EXHAUST EX(H4SO)
COOLING CO(H4SO)
LUBRICATION LU(H4SO)
SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM SP(H4SO)
IGNITION IG(H4SO)
STARTING/CHARGING SYSTEM SC(H4SO)
ENGINE (DIAGNOSTIC) EN(H4SO)

ENGINE (DIAGNOSTIC)
EN(H4SO)
Page
1. Basic Diagnostics Procedure ......................................................................2
2. Check List for Interview ...............................................................................4
3. General Description ....................................................................................6
4. Electrical Component Location ...................................................................9
5. Engine Control Module (ECM) I/O Signal .................................................21
6. Engine Condition Data ..............................................................................24
7. Transmission Control Module (TCM) I/O Signal .......................................25
8. Data Link Connector .................................................................................26
9. OBD-II General Scan Tool ........................................................................27
10. Subaru Select Monitor...............................................................................29
11. Read Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ......................................................36
12. Inspection Mode ........................................................................................37
13. Drive Cycle ................................................................................................42
14. Clear Memory Mode..................................................................................44
15. Compulsory Valve Operation Check Mode ...............................................45
16. Malfunction Indicator Light ........................................................................47
17. Diagnostics for Engine Starting Failure .....................................................57
18. List of Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) .....................................................72
19. Diagnostic Procedure with Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) .....................78
20. General Diagnostic Table........................................................................255

EN(H4SO)-2
ENGINE (DIAGNOSTIC)
Basic Diagnostics Procedure
1. Basic Diagnostics Procedure
A: PROCEDURE
1. ENGINE
Step Check Yes No
1 CHECK ENGINE START FAILURE.
1) Ask the customer when and how the trou-
ble occurred using the interview check list.
<Ref. to EN(H4SO)-4, INSPECTION, Check
List for Interview.>
2) Start the engine.Does the engine start? Go to step 2.Inspection using
“Diagnostics for
Engine Starting
Failure”. <Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-57,
Diagnostics for
Engine Starting
Fai lu r e.>
2 CHECK ILLUMINATION OF MALFUNCTION
INDICATOR LIGHT.Does malfunction indicator
light illuminate?Go to step 3.Inspection using
“General Diagnos-
tic Table”. <Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-255,
INSPECTION,
General Diagnos-
tic Table.>
3 CHECK INDICATION OF DTC ON DISPLAY
1) Turn the ignition switch to OFF.
2) Connect the Subaru Select Monitor or the
OBD-II general scan tool to data link connec-
tor.
3) Turn the ignition switch to ON and the Sub-
aru Select Monitor or OBD-II general scan tool
switch to ON.
4) Read the DTC on the Subaru Select Moni-
tor or OBD-II general scan tool.Does the Subaru Select Moni-
tor or OBD-II general scan tool
indicate DTC?Record the DTC.
Repair the trouble
cause. <Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-72, List
of Diagnostic Trou-
ble Code (DTC).>
Go to step 4.Repair the related
parts.
N
OTE:
If DTC is not shown
on display although
the engine warning
light illuminates, per-
form the diagnostics
of engine warning
light circuit or combi-
nation meter. <Ref.
to EN(H4SO)-47,
Malfunction Indica-
tor Light.>
4 PERFORM THE DIAGNOSIS.
1) Perform the Clear Memory Mode. <Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-44, Clear Memory Mode.>
2) Perform the Inspection Mode. <Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-37, Inspection Mode.>Does the Subaru Select Moni-
tor or OBD-II general scan tool
indicate DTC?Check on “Diag-
nostic Procedure
with Diagnostic
Trouble Code
(DTC)”
<Ref. to
EN(H4SO)-78,
Diagnostic Proce-
dure with Diagnos-
tic Trouble Code
(DTC).>Finish the diagno-
sis.