NISSAN ALMERA N15 1995 Service Manual

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC) Chart
ENGINE RELATED ITEMS

Detected items
Diagnostic
trouble code
(ScreentermsforCONSULT, Malfunction
isdetected when...
No. "SELF-DIAG RESULTS"mode)
11 Camshaftpositionsensorcircuit
•Either
l'
or 180' signal isnot detected bythe ECM forthe first few
(CAMSHAFT POSISEN)
secondsduringengine cranking .
• Either
l'
or 180' signal isnot detected bythe ECM often enough
while theengine speedishigher thanthespecified rpm.
• The relation between
l'
and 180' signals isnot inthe normal range
during thespecified rpm.
12 Massairflow sensor circuit
•An excessively highorlow voltage isentered toECM.
(MASS AIRFLOW SEN) •Voltage senttoECM isnot practical whencompared withthecam-
shaft position sensorsignalandthrottle position sensorsignal.
13 Enginecoolant temperature sen-•An excessively highorlow voltage fromthesensor isdetected by
sor circuit
theECM.
(COOLANT TEMPSEN)
21 Ignitionsignalcircuit
•The ignition signalinthe primary circuitisnot detected bythe ECM
(IGN SIGNAL-PRIMARY)
duringengine cranking orrunning .
28*1 OVERHEAT •The engine coolant temperature sensoroutputvoltage isbelow
0.35V .
34"2 Knocksensor circuit •An excessively loworhigh voltage fromthesensor isdetected by
(KNOCK SENSOR) theECM.
41 *3 Intakeairtemperature sensorcir-•An excessively highorlow voltage fromthesensor isdetected by
cuit theECM.
(INT AIRTEMP SEN) •Voltage senttoECM isnot practical whencompared withtheengine
coolant temperature sensorsignal.

55
Nofailure •No malfunction isdetected bythe ECM.
(NO SELF DIAGNOSTIC FAILURE
INDICATED ...)
"1: Except forAustralia
*2: Except forEurope andIsrael
"3: For Australia
*4: This isQuick Reference of"DTC CONFIRMATION PROCEDURE".
Details aredescribed ineach TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FORDTCXX
Abbreviations areasfollows:
IGN: ON :Turning theignition switchONisrequired forthe ECM todetect amalfunction (ifone exists).
RUNNING: Runningengineisrequired forthe ECM todetect amalfunction (ifone exists).
*5: •The "OVERALL FUNCTIONCHECK"isasimplified andeffective waytoinspect acomponent orcircuit.
In some cases, the"OVERALL FUNCTIONCHECK"isused rather thana"DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLECODECONFIRMA-
TION PROCEDURE".
When noDTC CONFIRMATION PROCEDUREisavailable, the"NG" result ofthe OVERALL FUNCTION CHECKcanbe
considered tomean thesame asaDTC detection .
• During an"NG" OVERALL FUNCTION CHECK,theDTC might notbeconfirmed.

EC-62

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
mJ

Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC) Chart(Cont'd)

X:Applicable
-: Not applicable
"DTC *4
*5
Check Items CONFIRMATION
"OVERALLFUNC-Fail ReferencePage
(Possible Cause) PROCEDURE"
TIONCHECK" Safe
Quick Ref. QuickRef. System
• Harness orconnectors
(The sensor circuitisopen orshorted.)
• Camshaft positionsensor
RUNNING EC-94

-
-

• Starter motor
• Starting systemcircuit(ELsection)
• Dead (Weak) battery
• Harness orconnectors
.

(The sensor circuitisopen orshorted.) RUNNING
RUNNING
X
EC-101
• Mass airflow sensor
• Harness orconnectors
(The sensor circuitisopen orshorted.) IGN:ON
-

X
EC-108
• Engine coolant temperature sensor
• Harness orconnectors
(The ignition primary circuitisopen orshorted.)
• Power transistor unit RUNNING
-
-
EC-113
• Camshaft positionsensor
• Camshaft positionsensorcircuit
• Harness orconnector IGN:
ON
EC-108

- -

• Engine coolant temperature sensor (after
warming up)
• Harness orconnectors
(The sensor circuitisopen orshorted.) RUNNING
-
-
EC-119
• Knock sensor
• Harness orconnectors
(The sensor circuitisopen orshorted.)
IGN:ON
-
-
EC-124
• Intake airtemperature sensor
• No failure

----

EC-63
•

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
Fail-Safe Chart

The ECM enters fail-safe mode,ifany ofthe following DTCsisrecorded duetothe open orshort circuit.

DTC No. Detected
items
Engineoperating conditioninfail-safe mode
12 Massairflow sensor
Enginespeedwillnotrise more than3,000 rpm*1 duetothe fuel cut.
circuit
13 Engine
coolant tem-
Engine coolant temperature willbedetermined basedonthe time after turning ignition
perature sensorcir-switch "ON"or"START".
cuit ExceptforEurope andIsrael
Condition Enginecoolant temperature decided
Just asignition switchisturned ONorStart 30'C(B6'F)
More than5minutes afterignition ONorStart BO'G
(176'F)
Except asshown above 30
-BO'C (B6-176'F)
(Depends onthe time)
For Europe andIsrael
Condition Enginecoolant temperature decided
Just asignition switchisturned ONorStart 35'C
(95'F)
More than4.5minutes afterignition ONor
BO'G(176'F)
Start
Except asshown above 35
-BO'C (95-176'F)
(Depends onthe time)
When thefail-safe systemforengine coolant temperature sensorisactivated, thecooling
fan operates whileengine isrunning.
43 Throttle position Throttle
position willbedetermined basedonthe injected fuelamount andtheengine
sensor circuit speed.
Therefore, acceleration willbepoor.
Condition Driving
condition
When engine isidling Normal
When accelerating Poor
acceleration

-
ECM
Fail-safe
systemactivating conditionwhenECMismalfunctioning

The computing functionofthe ECM wasjudged tobe malfunctioning.
When thefail-safe systemactivates (i.e.,ifthe ECM detects amalfunction conditionin
the CPU ofECM), theMALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPonthe instrument panellightsto
warn thedriver.

Engine control, withfail-safe system,operates whenECMismalfunctioning

When thefail-safe systemisoperating, fuelinjection, ignitiontiming,fuelpump
operation, IACV-AACvalveoperation andcooling fanoperation arecontrolled undercer-
tain limitations.
Operation

Engine speed Engine
speed
will
notrise more than3,000 rpm

Fuel injection Simultaneous
multipartfuelinjection system
Ignition timing Ignition
timingisfixed atthe preset valve
Fuel pump Fuel
pump' relayis"ON" when engine isrunning and"OFF" whenengine
stalls
IACV-AAG valve Full
open
Cooling fans Cooling
fanrelay "ON" whenengine isrunning, and"OFF" whenengine
stalls
EC-64

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description

Goto
(J.

Adjust ignition timingby
turning distributor.

No
NG

(Go to
@
onnext page.)

OK
CONNECT
CONSULTTOTHE VEHICLE.

Connect "CONSULT" tothe data link
connector forCONSULT andselect
"ENGINE" fromthemenu. Referto

EC-36
DOES ENGINE START?
BEFORE
STARTING

1. Check service records forany recent
repairs thatmay indicate arelated •
problem, orthe current needfor
scheduled maintenance.
2. 9pen engine hoodandcheck thefol.
lowing:
• Harness connectors forimproper con-
nections
• Vacuum hosesforsplits, kinks,or
improper connections
• Wiring forimproper connections,
pinches, orcuts

CHECK IGNITION TIMING.

1. Warm upengine sufficiently.
2. Stop engine anddisconnect throttle
position sensorharness connector.
3. Start engine.
4. Check ignition timingatidle using
timing light.

Ignition liming:

Refer toEC-36.
Basic
Inspection
Precaution:
Perform BasicInspection withoutelectrical or
mechanical loads

applied;
• Headlamp switchisOFF,
• Air conditioner switchisOFF,
• Rear defogger switchisOFF,
• Steering wheelisin the straight-ahead position,etc.

m

\\

~
~ SEF1421

~use box

~-~

vll-JI-
Datalinkconnector~'

EC-65

@

(Go tonext page)

(;]

1

CHECK IDLEADJ. SCREW INITIALSET
NG
Adjust engine speedby

~
RPM.
turning
idleadjusting

Base idlespeed: RefertoEC-36.
screw.

II
t
K

CHECK THROTTLE POSITIONSENSOR
NG
Adjust output
voltage
to

~
IDLE POSITION.
0.50

:l:
0.1V byrotating

00
1.
Perform ''THRTlPOSSEN throttle
position sensor
ADJ" in"WORK SUPPORT" body.
mode.
2. Check thatoutput
voltage
of
throttle position sensoris
approx. 0.35to0.65V (Throttle

valve
fullycloses.) and"ClSD
THlIP SW"stays "ON".
OR

00
Measure
output
voltage
ofthrot-
tle position sensorusing

voltmeter,
andcheck thatitis
approx. 0.35to0.65V. (Throttle

valve
fullyclosed.)
OK

RESETIDLEPOSITION
MEMORY.

1. Warm upengine suffi-
ciently.
2. Turn ignition switch
"OFF" andwait at
least 5seconds.
3. Disconnect
throttle
position sensorhar-
ness connector.

4.
Start
engine andwait
at least 5seconds in
"N" position .
5. Reconnect throttle
position sensorhar-
ness connector while
running engine.

TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS -General Description
Basic Inspection (Coni'd)
@

• THRTl POSSEN ADJ.
0

* **
ADJ MONITOR
***

THRTL POSSEN 0.52V

==========
MONITOR
==========

CMPS.RPM (REF)Orpm
CLSD THLIPOSI ON

SEF516Q
SEF12BR EC-66

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
Basic Inspection (Cont'd)

CID

CHECK IDLESPEED

Check idlespeed. RefertoEC-36.

OK

After thisinspection, unnecessary diag-
nostic trouble codeNo.might bedis-
played.
Erase thestored memory inECM.

OK

INSPECTION END

EC-67 NG

Adjust idlespeed. Refer
EC-35.

•

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description

*
MONITOR
*
NO FAIL
ENG TEMP SEN 80°C

RECORD

Cam follower
lever
o

SEF214N
SEF147N Fast
IdleCam (FIC) Inspection andAdjustment
- For Europe andIsrael

1. Start engine andwarm itup.

(ij\
2.See "ENG TEMP SEN"or"COOLAN TEMP/S"in
~ "DATAMONITOR" modewithCONSULT.
3. When engine coolant temperature is80:l: 5°C
(176:l:9°F), makesurethatmark @isaligned with
mark ~asshown inthe figure.

SEF536H •
2.
Disconnect enginecoolant temperature sensorhar-
ness connector andcheck resistance asshown in
the figure.
3. When theresistance ofengine coolant temperature
sensor is0.26 to0.39 kQ,make surethatmark @is
aligned withmark
@
asshown inthe figure.
If NG, adjust byturning adjusting screw.

Adjusting serewtightening torque:
0.98 -1.96 N.m(10-20 kg-em, 8.7-17.4 in-Ib)
Cam follower
lever Fast
idleearn
Thermo-
element
SEF148N
4.
Stop engine.

rF.i\
5.Turn ignition switch"ON"andsee "ENG TEMP
~ SEN"or"COOLAN TEMP/S"in"DATA MONITOR"
mode withCONSULT.
6. When engine coolant temperature is25:l: 5°C
(77:l: 9°F), make surethatmark
CID
isaligned with
mark @asshown inthe figure.
~ 5.When theresistance ofengine coolant temperature
~ sensoris1.65 to2.40 kQ,make surethatmark
CID
is
aligned withmark
@
asshown inthe figure.
• IfNG, replace thermo-element andperform theabove
inspection andadjustment again.

Fast IdleCam (FIC) Inspection andAdjustment
- Except forEurope andIsrael

1. Remove throttlebodyfromengine.
2. Wait foratleast 3hours.
(This stepisnecessary tobring thetemperature ofthe
thermo-element tothe room temperature

EC-68

•

2**
5*
Go
tostep

L:

Thermo-element stroke
*: Thermo-element isnormal. Adjustfirstidlecam only.
**: Thermo-element ismalfunctioning. Replacethermo-element, andperform
inspection beginningwithstep 2.
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS -General Description ~
Fast IdleCam (FIC) Inspection andAdjustment
- Except forEurope andIsrael (Cont'd)
3. Measure thermo-element stroke(L)and room temperature.
4. Check thermo-element stroke(L)asshown inthe figure.
Thermo-element

1645
1(0.6476)

I
15.35
: (06043)
'14.24
: (05610)

I

: 1290 :

I
(0.508)
I

I I

I I

I I

: I

I
r

I
r
r
I

I
I

-20 02025 40
HI (32)(68)(77) (104)

Thermo-element temperature°C(OF)
17

(0.669)

16

C (0630)

"" 15

~ (0591)

::J
14

-; (0.551)

t5
13

fJi
(0.512)
12 11.05
(0472) (0435)

11

(0433)

10

(0.394) 9.95
(0.392)
SEF0810

GA15DE
*.
GA16DE
Clearance
@ Adjusting
screw (s)
Lock nut

Fast idle

carn

SEF0820
SEF0830
5.
Adjust clearance
@
between throttlestopper andthrottle
adjusting screwtospecification byturning adjusting screw
(8).
Engine models Clearance
@
mm (in)
M/T 0.40-0.75 (0.0157 -0.0295)
GA15DE A/T0.61
-0.95 (0.0240 -0.0374)
M/T 0.72
-1.18 (0.0283 -0.0465)
GA16DE
A/T0.95
-1.43 (0.0374 -0.0563)
6. Rotate adjusting screw(8)clockwise orcounterclockwise
by Zturns according tothe following equation, thentighten
the adjusting screwlocknut.
L (mm) -L8* (mm) L(in) -L8* (IN)
Z =-------~ /Z =--------

Y
(mm)
Y
(in)
Value ofthe specified line(Ls) atthe temperature ofthermo-
element actuallymeasured.
Y
=
0.5 (GA 15DE)
0.8 (GA 16DE)
• Direction ofadjusting screw(8)rotation
(1) Positive (+)Z:Counterclockwise
(2) Negative (- )Z: Clockwise
EC-69

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
[]A]

Fast IdleCam (FIC) Inspection andAdjustment
- Except forEurope andIsrael (Cont'd)
For example:

CaseI Case
II
Thermo-element
25(77) 40(104)

temperature .C
l"F)
Thermo-element
specified stroke(Ls)
14.0
(0.551) 15.35(0.6043)

mm (in)
Thermo-element
14.5(0.571) 14.60(0.5748)

stroke (L)mm(in)
Revolutions of
14.5.
14.0 14.60-15.35

Z =

0.80
=0.63
I

Z=

0.80
=

-0.94
I

adjusting screw(Z)

0.571-0.551 0.5748.0.6043

mm/in
0.0315
=

0.63
0.0315
=

-0.94

Direction ofrevolu-
Counterclockwise Clockwise
tion

EC-70

TROUBLEDIAGNOSES -General Description
Symptom MatrixChart

SYMPTOM
:c

z
(!l

~
0

I

:c
i=

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cL
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- Basic engine control system
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page

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III

AA AB AC ADAEAFAG
AH AJ
AK AL
AM HA
Fuel Fuel
pump circuit

••
•
0

•
•
•

•
0

EC-145
Fuel pressure regulator system

•••
0

•
0

•
•
0

•
EC-33
Injector circuit

•• •
0

• •
• •
EC-141
Evaporative emissionsystem

00
[)

00
()

0
0 0 0
EC-29
Air Positivecrankcase ventilation system

00

•
0

0
0

••
U

()

EC-31
Incorrect idlespeed adjustment

0
0
()

(~)

C)

0 0
EC-35
IACV-AAC valvecircuit

•••
(,

••• •• •
0

EC-150

~)

IACV-FICD solenoidvalvecircuit
C)

()
()
()

0
C)

(~,

()

0
0
EC-204
Ignition Incorrectignitiontimingadjustment

0
0

•• •
•

• •
EC-35
Ignition circuit

••
•
•

• •
•

•
EC-113
EGR (EGRvalve
&)
EVAP canister purge

0
EC-179,183
control soienoid valvecircuit
••
• •

EGR system
U

••

•
r)

(,)

•
•
0
0
EC-179.
183
Main power supply andground circuit
()

() ()

0 0
()

Ci
()

0
(

~

EC-88
Cooling
I
Cooling tancircuit
()

:.'-1
U
()

(,)

',)
C)
t)

U
n

(J
0
EC-156

u

Air conditioner circuit
()

Co
u
()

CJ
UU
"
,

C:
~,
()

HAsection
•

• ;High Possibility Item
(), Low Possibility Item

EC-71
(continued
onnext page)