Start NISSAN TERRANO 2002 Service Repair Manual

NVH Troubleshooting Chart Ð Engine Noise
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom.
1. Locate the area where noise occurs.
2. Confirm the type of noise.
3. Specify the operating condition of engine.
4. Check specified noise source.
If necessary, repair or replace these parts.
Location of
noiseType of
noiseOperating condition of engine
Source of
noiseCheck itemReference
page Before
warm-upAfter
warm-upWhen
startingWhen
idlingWhen
racingWhile
driving
To p o f
engine
Rocker
cover
Cylinder
headTicking or
clickingC AÐA BÐTappet
noiseValve clearanceMA section
(ªAdjusting
Intake &
Exhaust
Valve
Clearanceº,
ªENGINE
MAINTE-
NANCEº)
Rattle C A Ð A B CCamshaft
bearing
noiseCamshaft bushing clearance
Camshaft runoutEM-31, 31
Crankshaft
pulley
Cylinder
block (Side
of engine)
Oil panSlap or
knockÐAÐB BÐPiston pin
noisePiston and piston pin clear-
ance
Connecting rod bushing
clearanceEM-71, 73
Slap or rap A Ð Ð B B APiston slap
noisePiston-to-bore clearance
Piston ring side clearance
Piston ring end gap
Connecting rod bend and
torsionEM-75, 72,
72, 73
Knock A B C B B BConnecting
rod bearing
noiseConnecting rod bushing
clearance (Small end)
Connecting rod bearing
clearance (Big end)EM-73, 77
Knock A B Ð A B CMain bear-
ing noiseMain bearing oil clearance
Crankshaft runoutEM-78, 76
Front of
engine
Timing gear
coverTapping or
tickingAAÐBBBTiming gear
noiseTiming gear backlash EM-41
Front of
engineSqueaking
or fizzingA BÐBÐCOther drive
belts (Stick-
ing or slip-
ping)Drive belts deflectionMA section
(ªChecking
Drive Beltsº,
ªENGINE
MAINTE-
NANCEº) CreakingABABABOther drive
belts (Slip-
ping)Idler pulley bearing operation
Squall
CreakABÐBABWater pump
bearing
noiseWater pump bearing opera-
tionLC section
(ªWater
Pump
Inspectionº,
ªENGINE
COOLING
SYSTEMº)
A: Closely related B: Related C: Sometimes related Ð: Not related
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH) TROUBLESHOOTINGZD
EM-9

1. Warm up engine.
2. Turn ignition switch OFF.
3. Using CONSULT-II, make sure no error codes are indicated for
self-diagnosis items. Refer to EC section, ªFuel Pressure
Releaseº.
IDo not disconnect CONSULT-II until the end of this operation;
it will be used to check engine rpm and for error detection at
the end of this operation.
4. Disconnect the negative battery terminal.
5. Remove the following parts.
IIntercooler
IThrottle body
IRocker cover
6. To prevent fuel from being injected during inspection, remove
fuel injection pump fuse [ENG CONT A/T (15A)] from fuse box
on the right side of engine compartment.
7. Remove glow plugs from all the cylinders.
IBefore removal, clean the surrounding area to prevent
entry of any foreign materials into the engine.
ICarefully remove glow plugs to prevent any damage or
breakage.
IHandle with care to avoid applying any shock to glow
plugs.
8. Install adapter (SST) to installation holes of glow plugs and
connect compression gauge for diesel engine.
:15-19N×m (1.5 - 2.0 kg-m, 11 - 14 ft-lb)
9. Connect battery negative terminal.
10. Set the ignition switch to ªSTARTº and crank. When gauge
pointer stabilizes, read compression pressure and engine rpm.
Repeat the above steps for each cylinder.
IAlways use a fully-charged battery to obtain specified
engine speed.
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2, psi)/rpm
Standard MinimumDifference limit between
cylinders
2,942 (29.42, 30.0, 427)/
2002,452 (24.52, 25.0, 356)/
200294 (2.94, 3.0, 43)/200
IWhen engine rpm is out of the specified range, check the spe-
cific gravity of battery liquid. Measure again under corrected
conditions.
IIf engine rpm exceeds the limit, check valve clearance and
combustion chamber components (valves, valve seats, cylinder
head gaskets, piston rings, pistons, cylinder bores, cylinder
block upper and lower surfaces) and measure again.
11. Complete this operation as follows:
a. Turn the ignition switch to ªOFFº.
b. Disconnect battery negative terminal.
c. Replace glow plug oil seals and install glow plugs.
d. Install fuel injection pump fuse [ENG CONT A/T (15A)].
e. Connect battery negative terminal.
f. Using CONSULT-II make sure no error code is indicated for
items of self-diagnosis. Refer to EC section, ªTrouble Diagno-
sis Ð Indexº.
YEM039
SEM334G
MEASUREMENT OF COMPRESSION PRESSUREZD
EM-10

INSPECTION
1. Remove the vacuum hose. Connect the vacuum gauge through
the 3-way connector. Otherwise, remove the welch valve of the
vacuum pipe and attach the vacuum gauge directly. (The illus-
tration shows the second method.)
IRemove an appropriate part to measure the vacuum pump load
pressure directly and install the vacuum gauge. Refer to the
figure.
2. Start the engine, and measure the load pressure with the
engine idling.
Vacuum pressure:
Standard
þ93.3 to þ101.3 kPa (þ933 to þ1,013 mbar, þ700
to þ760 mmHg, þ27.56 to þ29.92 inHg)
3. If outside the standard value, make sure that there is no intake
of air within the circuit and measure again.
4. Replace the vacuum pump if still outside the standard value.
INSTALLATION
IInstall in the reverse order of removal.
SEM322G
VACUUM PUMPZD
Removal and Installation (Cont'd)
EM-25

6. Remove the timing chain slack guide.
7. Remove the timing chain with cam sprocket.
ILoosen the cam sprocket holding bolt by fixing the hexagonal
portion of the intake manifold side camshaft with a spanner, etc.
IIf the spill tube is not removed, fix the hexagonal portion of the
exhaust manifold side camshaft.
CAUTION:
Do not loosen the holding bolt by using the tension of the
chain.
8. Remove the timing chain tension guide.
Installation
1. Install the timing chain tension guide.
2. Install the cam sprocket and the timing chain together.
IInstall by aligning the sprocket and timing chain match marks.
ITighten the cam sprocket holding bolt by fixing the hexagonal
portion of the camshaft.
CAUTION:
Do not tighten in the holding bolt using the tension of the
chain.
3. Install the timing chain slack guide.
CAUTION:
When the holding bolt is tightened to the specified torque,
there is a gap between the guide and bolt. Do not over-tighten.
4. Install the chain tensioner.
1) With the chain tensioner in the position shown in the figure (with
the plunger on the outer side), temporarily tighten the holding
bolt.
2) Press the plunger into the tensioner body while pressing on the
clips which prevent the plunger from returning.
3) Install the upper side holding bolt while holding the plunger
down with your finger and rotating it 180 degrees.
4) Tighten the holding bolt to the specified torque.
5. Install the chain cover.
1) Before installing chain cover, remove all traces of liquid gasket
from mating surface using a scraper.
2) Apply a continuous bead of liquid gasket to chain cover.
IUse Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
a. Coat of liquid gasket should be maintained within 2.0 to 3.0
mm (0.079 to 0.118 in) dia. range.
b. Attach chain cover to gear case within 5 minutes after
coating.
c. Wait at least 30 minutes before refilling engine oil or start-
ing engine.
SEM335G
FEM007
FEM008
FEM009
TIMING CHAINZD
Removal (Cont'd)
EM-28

Inspection
IWhen the camshaft or parts in connection with valves are
removed or replaced, and a fault has occurred (poor starting,
idling, or other faults) due to the misadjustment of the valve
clearance, inspect as follows.
IInspect and adjust when the engine is cool (at normal tempera-
ture).
IBe careful of the intake and exhaust valve arrangement. (The
valve arrangement is different from that in a normal engine.)
(The camshafts have, alternately, either an intake valve or an
exhaust valve.)
1. Remove the following parts.
IIntercooler cover
IIntercooler
IRocker cover
2. Set the No. 1 cylinder at TDC.
1) Rotate the crankshaft pulley clockwise, and align the TDC mark
of the crankshaft pulley with the timing indicator of the TDC
sensor bracket.
2) Confirm that the cam nose of the No. 1 cylinder and the knock
pin of the cam sprocket is in the position shown in the figure.
IRotate the crankshaft pulley again if not in the position shown
in the figure.
3. While referring to the figure, measure the valve clearance in the
circled area of the table below.
Measuring pointNo. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4
INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH
When the No. 1
cylinder is in the
TDCqqq q
IThe injection order is 1-3-4-2.
IMeasure the valve clearance using a JIS high grade feeler
gauge when the engine is cool (at normal temperature).
Standard:
Intake and exhaust
0.35 0.05 mm (0.0138 0.0020 in)
4. Set the No. 4 cylinder at TDC by rotating the crankshaft clock-
wise once.
FEM010
SEM342G
FEM024
FEM025
FEM026
VALVE CLEARANCE INSPECTIONS AND ADJUSTMENTSZD
EM-35

5. While referring to the figure, measure the valve clearance in the
circled area of the table below.
Measuring pointNo. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4
INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH INT EXH
When the No. 4
cylinder is in the
TDCqq qq
6. If the valve clearance is outside the specification, adjust as fol-
lows.
Adjustments
IRemove the adjusting shim for parts which are outside the
specified valve clearance.
1. Remove the spill tube.
2. Extract the engine oil on the upper side of the cylinder head (for
the air gun used in step 7).
3. Rotate the crankshaft to face the cam for adjusting shims that
are to be removed upward.
4. Grip the camshaft with camshaft pliers (SST), the using the
camshaft as a support point, push the adjusting shim downward
to compress the valve spring.
CAUTION:
Do not damage the camshaft, cylinder head, or the outer cir-
cumference of the valve lifter.
5. With the valve spring in a compressed state, remove the cam-
shaft pliers (SST) by securely setting the outer circumference
of the valve lifter with the end of the lifter stopper (SST).
IHold the lifter stopper by hand until the shim is removed.
CAUTION:
Do not retrieve the camshaft pliers forcefully, as the camshaft
will be damaged.
6. Move the rounded hole of the adjusting shim to the front with a
very thin screwdriver.
IWhen the adjusting shim on the valve lifter will not rotate
smoothly, restart from step 4 with the end of the lifter stopper
(SST) touching the adjusting shim.
7. Remove the adjusting shim from the valve lifter by blowing air
through the rounded hole of the shim with an air gun.
CAUTION:
To prevent any remaining oil from being blown around, thor-
oughly wipe the area clean and wear protective goggles.
FEM027
FEM028
FEM029
FEM030
VALVE CLEARANCE INSPECTIONS AND ADJUSTMENTSZD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-36

4. Install the front oil seal to the gear case.
IApply engine oil to the fitting side.
IEvenly insert the front oil seal using a drift [outer dia.: approx.
64 mm (2.52 in)] completely.
CAUTION:
Make sure the oil seal does not spill off the end side of the gear
case.
5. Install the gear case.
1) Before installing gear case, remove all traces of liquid gasket
from mating surface using a scraper.
2) Align gasket with dowel and install.
3) Install the O-rings to the gear case.
IThe O-ring at the top position shown in the figure can be
installed in during cylinder head installation.
4) Apply a continuous bead of liquid gasket to gear case.
IUse Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
a. Coat of liquid gasket should be maintained within 2.0 to 3.0
mm (0.079 to 0.118 in) dia. range.
b. Attach gear case to cylinder block within 5 minutes after
coating.
c. Wait at least 30 minutes before refilling engine oil or start-
ing engine.
FEM043
FEM044
SEM353G
FEM045
TIMING GEARZD
Installation (Cont'd)
EM-47

CRANKSHAFT FRONT OIL SEAL
1. Remove the front cover. Refer to ªTIMING GEARº.
2. Remove front oil seal with a suitable tool.
3. Apply engine oil to new oil seal and install oil seal using a suit-
able tool.
CRANKSHAFT REAR OIL SEAL
1. Remove oil pan assembly. Refer to EM-22, ªOIL PANº.
2. Remove clutch cover assembly.
3. Remove flywheel and rear plate.
4. Remove oil seal retainer assembly.
5. Apply a continuous bead of liquid gasket to rear oil seal
retainer.
a. Coat of liquid gasket should be maintained within 2.0 to 3.0
mm (0.079 to 0.118 in) dia. range.
b. Attach oil seal retainer to cylinder block within five min-
utes after coating.
c. Wait at least 30 minutes before refilling engine oil or start-
ing engine.
d. Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
SEM358G
FEM044
SLC822
FEM053
OIL SEAL REPLACEMENTZD
EM-51

Precautions
IDo not perform operation unless it is perfectly safe.
IDo not start operation unless the exhaust system and coolant
are cooled down.
ILift the engine at the designated support points only.
IPerform operations for the items other than the engine body,
referring to the applicable sections.
IRefer to MT section and AT section for rear mount.
Removal
IAfter removing transmission, hoist the engine and remove it.
Preparation
1. Drain coolant from radiator drain plugs.
2. Remove the following parts.
IEngine hood
IUndercover
IUnder protector
IBattery
IIntercooler
IRadiator shroud
IRadiator
IAccessory belt
ICooling fan
IExhaust front tube
YEM032
ENGINE REMOVALZD
EM-63

Engine room (Left)
3. Remove air duct and air cleaner case.
4. Disconnect vacuum hose to the vehicle on the engine.
5. Disconnect harness connectors from alternator and air com-
pressor.
6. Remove alternator.
7. After removing refrigerant, remove pipes of air compressor and
inlet/outlet.
8. Disconnect heating hose, install blank cap to hose to prevent
coolant from leaking.
9. Remove heating pipe.
10. Remove heat insulator.
11. Remove catalytic converter.
Engine room (Right)
12. Remove power steering reservoir tank from bracket, and fix it
to the vehicle with a rope.
CAUTION:
Keep the reservoir tank level when fixing to prevent oil leak.
13. Remove fuel feed and return hoses.
CAUTION:
Install blank caps immediately to avoid fuel leakage.
14. Remove all harness connectors on the engine, and move har-
nesses to the side of the vehicle.
Vehicle underfloor
15. Remove starter motor.
16. Detach A/T oil cooler pipes from oil pan. (A/T model)
17. Remove rear propeller shaft.
18. Remove mounting bolts to secure the engine to transmission.
1) Remove torque converter installation bolt. (A/T model)
2) Lift transmission bottom with transmission jack, and remove
rear mount members from the vehicle.
3) Lower transmission with the jack, and remove upper mounting
bolts securing the engine to transmission.
4) Lift transmission with the jack, and reinstall rear mount mem-
bers to the vehicle.
5) Position the jack to the front side of transmission.
6) Remove remaining mounting bolts securing the engine to trans-
mission.
Removal operation
19. Remove air conditioner high pressure pipes at the rear of the
engine room.
IThis is due to some inconvenience in the rear slinger installa-
tion.
20. Install the engine slingers (standard service part) to front-left
and rear-right.
:25-28N×m (2.5 - 2.9 kg-m, 18 - 20 ft-lb)
WARNING:
For engines without engine slingers, attach proper slingers
and bolts described in the PARTS CATALOG.
FEM082
ENGINE REMOVALZD
Removal (Cont'd)
EM-64